Term
|
Definition
| muscular organ size of fist. located behind sternum and between lungs. pumping action of heart circulates blood throughout body. consists of two upper chambers, right atrium, left atrium, and two lower chambers, r.ventricle, l.ventricle. valves of the heart keep blood flowing in one direction. cardiac septum separates r/l sides of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located between r.atrium and r.ventricle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located between l.atrium and l.ventricle. aka mitral valve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and between l.ventricle and aorta |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two layer sac (pericardial sac) covering the heart (pericardial fluid allows layers to move without friction] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lies closest to the myocardium |
|
|
Term
| epicardium [parietal pericardium] |
|
Definition
| lines the pericardial sac |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| middle, thick, muscular layer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inner lining of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tubelike structures that carry blood throughout the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. all arteries, with the exception of the pulmonary artery, carry oxygen and other nutrients from the heart to the body cells. the pulmonary artery, in contrast, carries carbon dioxide and other waste products from the heart to the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| largest artery in the body, oigination at the left ventricle and descending through the thorax and abdomen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart. all veins, with the exception of pulmonary veins, carry blood containing carbon dioxide and other waste products. pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| largest veins in the body. the inferior vena cava carries blood to the heart from body parts below the diaphragm, and the superior vena cava returns the blood to the heart from the upper part of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| microscopic blood vessels that connewct arterioles with venules. materials are passed between the blood and tissue throughb the capillary walls |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| composed of plasma and formed elements, such as erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes [platelets] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| liquid portion of blood in which cells are suspended |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| red blood cells that carry oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| WBCs that fight infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the formed elements in the blood that is responsible for aiding in the clotting process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| transparent, usually colorless, tissue fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small, spherical bodies made up of lymphoid tissue. found singularly or may be grouped together. nodes act as filters in keeping substances such as bacteria from the blood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located in the left side of the abdominal cavity between stomach and diaphragm. in adulthood, spleen is the largest lymphatic organ in body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the primary lymphatic organs, it is located anterior to the ascending aorta and posteiror to the sternum between the lungs. it plays an important role in the development of the body's immune system, particularly from the infancy to puberty. around puberty the thymus gland atrophies into connective tissue and does not function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vessel [usually refers to blood vessel] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| electricity, electrical activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| instrument used to record |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal reduction in number |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| acute coronary syndrome [ACS] |
|
Definition
| sudden symptoms of insufficient blood supply to the heart indicating unstable angina or myocardial infarction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduction in the amount of hemoglobin in the red blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ballooning of a weakened portion of an arterial wall |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chest pain, which may radiate to the left arm and jaw, that occurs when there is an insufficient supply of blood to the heart muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sudden cessation of cardiac output and effective circulation, which requires cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acute compression of the heart caused by fluid accumulation in the pericardial cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| congenital cardiac condition characterized by a narrowing of the aorta |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heart abnormality present at birth |
|
|
Term
| congestive heart failure [CHF] |
|
Definition
| inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the tissues and organs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| obstruction of an artery of the heart, usually from atherosclerosis -can lead to heart attack |
|
|
Term
| deep vein thrombosis [DVT] |
|
Definition
| condition of thrombus in a deep vein oif the body. most often occurs in lower extremities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any disturbance or abnormality in the heart's normal rhythmic pattern --arrhythmia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood clot or foreign material, such as air or fat, that enters the bloodstream and moves until it lodges at another point in the circulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rapid, quivering, noncoordinated contractions of the atria or ventricles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an iron metabolism disorder that occurs when too much iron is absorbed from food, resulting in excessive deposits of iron in the tissue. can cause cognestive heart failure, diabetes, cirrhosis,or cancer of the liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inherited bleeding disease most commonly caused by a defiency of the coagulation favtor VIII |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| varicose vein in the rectal aera, which may be internal or external |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant disorder of the lymphatic tissue characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, usualyl beginning in the cervical nodes |
|
|
Term
| hypertensive heart disease [HHD] |
|
Definition
| disorder of the heart brought about by persistent high blood pressure |
|
|
Term
| intermittent claudication |
|
Definition
| pain and discomfort in calf muscles while walking. conditiion seen in occlusive artery disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant disease characterized by excessive increase in abnormal white blood cells formed in bone marrow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narrowing of the mitral [bicuspid] valve from scarring, usually caused by episodes of rheumatic fever |
|
|
Term
| myocardial infarction [MI] |
|
Definition
| death of a portion of the myocardium caused by lack of oxygen resulting from an interrupted blood supply [aka heart attack] |
|
|
Term
| peripheral arterial disease [PAD] |
|
Definition
| disease of the arteries, other than those of the heart and brain, that affects blood circulation, such as atherosclerosis and raynaud disease. most common symptom of peripheral atherosclerosis is intermittent claudication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammatory disease, usually occuring in children and often after an upper respiratory tract streptococcal infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| damage to the heart muscle or heart valves caused by one or more episodes of rheumatic fever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a herediaty, chronic hemolytic disease characterized by crescent or sickle shaped RBCs |
|
|
Term
| varicose veins [varicosities] |
|
Definition
| distended or turtuous veins usually found in the lower extremities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical excision of an anuerysm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infusion of normal bone marrow cells from a donor with matching cells nad tissue toa recipient with a certain type of leukemia or anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| battery-powered or nuclear-powered apparatus implanted under the skin to regulate the heart rate |
|
|
Term
| coronary artery bypass graft [CABG] |
|
Definition
| surgical technique to bring a new blood supply to heart muscle by detouring around blocked arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a supportive scaffold device implanted in the coronary artery. used to prevent closure of the artery after angioplasty or atherectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| application of an electric shock to the myocardium throguh the chest wall to restore normal cardiac rhythm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excision of an embolus or clot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgery to establish an alternate route from femoral artery to popliteal artery to bypass an obstruction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excision of hemorrhoids, the varicosed veins in the rectal region |
|
|
Term
| implantable cardiac defibrillator |
|
Definition
| a device implanted in the body that continuously monitoprs the heart rhythm. if life-threatening dysrhythmias occur the device delivers an electri shock to convert the dysrhythmia back to a normal rhythm |
|
|
Term
| intracoronary thrombolytic therapy |
|
Definition
| an injkection of an intravenous medication to dissolve blood clots in coronary [blood] vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the use of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation [laser beam] to open blocked arteries, especially in lower extremities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical procedure to repair a stenosed mitral valve by breaking apart the leaves [commissures] of the valve |
|
|
Term
| percutaenous transluminal coronary angioplasty [PTCA] |
|
Definition
| procedure in which a balloon is passed through a blood vessel into a coronary artery to the area were plaque is formed. inflation of the balloon compresses the plaque agasinst the vessel wall, expanding the inner diameter of the blood vessel, which allows the blood to circulate more freely aka balloon angioplasty |
|
|
Term
| digital subtraction angiography [DSA] |
|
Definition
a process of digital x-ray imaging of the blood vessles that
subtracts' or removes structures not being studied |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a study that uses sound for detection of blood flow within the vessels. used to assess intermittent claduication, deep vein thrombosis, and other blood flow abnormalities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a study that evaluates cardiac function during physical stress by riding a bike or walkong on a treadmill. electrocardiographyh, echocardiography, and nuclear medicine scanning are three types of tests performed to measure cardiac funciton while exercising. echocardiography is fast becoming the preferred choice of tersting over electrocardiography |
|
|
Term
| single-photon emission computed tomography [SPECT] |
|
Definition
| a nuclear medicine scan that visualizes the heart from several different angles. a tracer substance such as sestamibi or thallium is injected intravenously. the SPECT scanner creates images from the tracer absorbed by the body tissues. it is used to assess damage to cardiac tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a nuclear medicine test used to diagnpse coronary artery disease and assess revascularization after coronary artery bypass surgery. thallium, a radioactive isotope, is injected into the body intravenoiusly; a radation detector is placed over the heart and images are recorded. thallium is taken up by the normal myocardial cells, but not in ischemia or infarction. these areas are identified as 'cold' spots on the images produced. thallium testing can be performed when the patient is at rest or it can be part of a stress test |
|
|
Term
| transesophageal echocardiogram |
|
Definition
| an ultrasound test that examines cardiac function and structure by using an ultrasound probe placed in the esophagus, which provides views of the heart structures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an examination to determin the condition of the heart and surrounding blood vessels. a catheter is passed into the heaert through a blood vessel and is used to record pressure and inject a contrast medium, enabling the visualization of the great vessels and the heart chambers. used mos frequently to evaluate chest pain and coronary artery disease |
|
|
Term
| impedance plethysmography [IPG] |
|
Definition
| measures venous flow of the extremities with a plethysmograph to detect clots by measuring changes in blood volume and resistance [impedance] in the vein. used to detect deep vein thrombosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| device used for measuring blood pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an instrument used to heart sound produce by heart, lungs,m and bowels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood test to determine the time it takes for blood to form a clot |
|
|
Term
| complete blood test [CBC] |
|
Definition
| basic blood screening that includes tests on hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell morphology [size and shape], leukocyte count, and white blood cell differential [types fo WBCs] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood test used to determine the concentration of oxygen-carrying components in RBCs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood test used to determine certain coagulation activity defects and to monitor anticoagulation therapy for patients taking coumadin, an oral anticoagulant medication. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| needle puncture to remove bone marrow for study, usually from the sternum or iilium. used to diagnose blood cell diseases, such as leukemia and anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hearing sounds within the body through a stethoscope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pressure exerted by the blood against blood vessel walls. a blood pressure measurment writting as systolic pressure [120]/diastolic pressure [80] |
|
|
Term
| cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR] |
|
Definition
| emergency procedure consisting of artifical ventilation and external cardiac massage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| phase in the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles relax between contractions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurring outside the body. during open-heart surgery extracorporeal circulation occurs when blood is diverted outside the body to a heart-lung machine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| escape of blood from the blood vessel into the tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a short-duration humming sound of cardiac or vascular origin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood pressure that is below normal [less than 90/60] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| BP that is BOV normal [140/90] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| space within a tubular part or organ, such as the space within a blood vessel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to close tightly, to block |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tapping of a body surface with the fingers to determine the density of the part beneath |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| phase in the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles contract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| agent or nerve that narrows the blood vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| agent or nerve that enlarges the blood vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| puncture of a vein to remove blood, instill a medication, or start an intravenous infusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| agent that slows clotting process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal or pathologic condition of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| liquid portion of blood in which elements or cells are suspended and that contains some of the clotting factors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| liquid portion of the blood without the clotting factors |
|
|
