Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| an MI ussually occurs in the _____ |
|
|
Term
| confusion, dizzyness, fainting |
|
Definition
| possible s/s of an MI in the elderly |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| during an MI, the serum glucose may _____ |
|
|
Term
| irreversible tissue death (MI) |
|
Definition
| Q segment depression is a sign of ___ |
|
|
Term
| Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) |
|
Definition
| ECG reading that indicates total artery occlusion |
|
|
Term
| Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) |
|
Definition
| ECG reading that reflects a recent thrombosis or partial coronary artery occlusion |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| myoglobin reacts early and peaks at __ |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Troponin can be detected ____ after an MI and lasts up to ____ |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| during an MI, there may be an increase in ____ due to the inflammatory response to necrotic tissue |
|
|
Term
| ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) |
|
Definition
| During an MI, there may be an increased ___ due to inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ideal treatment of an MI is within ____ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| during an MI, ischemic tissue around the necrotic area is potentially viable if it is _____ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| common side effect of nitro |
|
|
Term
| pain - preload and afterload - bronchioles |
|
Definition
| during an MI, IV narcotics are given to reduce ____, reduce _____, and relax ______ to increase O2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ___ are the most common complication after an MI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two antidysrhythmics used during an MI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thrombolytics are generally giving within ___ of an MI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a decreaes in ___ and ___ are signs of a decreased cardiac output during MI |
|
|
Term
| keep blood supply at heart not stomach |
|
Definition
| reason for liquid diet for 24 hours following MI |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| complication following an MI in which the wall of ventricle becomes weak and bulges - risk for rupture and thrombus |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the pericardium that can occur after an MI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most common type of heart failure in which the heart is unable to sufficiently pump |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of heart failure in which the heart is unable to relax and fill |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
heart sound that is indicative of left sided heart failure
- caused by blood from left atrium slamming into an already full left ventricle during early diastole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heart sound that if new indicates heart failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heart sound that if new indicates an MI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heart sound heard when blood slams into a non-compliant ventricular wall after the atrial kick late in distole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an S3 heart sound occurs in early diastole immediately _______ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an S4 heart sound occurs in late diastole immediately ______ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pulmonary congestion is a sign of ___ sided heart failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ____ sided heart failure results in blood backing up in the veins of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ____ sided heart failure may present w/ wieght gain, edema in dependant tissues, periorbital edema, ascites, n/v, anorexia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
first compensatory mechanism to react w/ heart failure
- least effective |
|
|
Term
| renin angiotensin aldosterone system activation |
|
Definition
| during heart failure, decreased CO will lead to decreased renal perfussion which triggers the activation of _____ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decreased CO in heart failure will stimulate the release of ____ to increase water reabsorption by the kidneys |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heart failure compensatory mechanism that allows the heart to work harder to make up for decreased CO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs because the compensatory mechanisms of the heart eventually make the heart worse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| medication type used in heart failure to block the negative effects of the SNS on the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| medication that may initially worse CO in heart failure due to decreased HR and contractility |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heart failure medication used to increase contractility and decrease HR |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| _____ enhances the effects of dig and can lead to toxic levels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ____ inhibits the action of dig |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a pt with heart failure should contact a dr for a weight gain greater than ___ in 2 days or ___ in a week |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heart failure treatment in which the latissimus dorsi muscle is wrapped around the heart to aid in contractility and increase CO |
|
|
Term
| left ventricular assist device (LVAD) |
|
Definition
| implantable pump used to help pump blood from the left ventricle to the heart in heart failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammatory disease of the heart potentially involving all 3 layers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| system inflammatory disease that develops after streptococci infection |
|
|
Term
| upper respiratory infection (strep throat) |
|
Definition
| rheumatic fever ussually develops after an ______ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involuntary muscle movements, muscle weakness, and speech disturbance that results from rheumatic fever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| firm, small, painless bumps over joints that results from rheumatic fever |
|
|
Term
| Erythema marginatum lesion |
|
Definition
| bright pink lesions that form on the skin as a result of rheumatic fever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ____ can cause a recurrance of rheumatic fever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| _____ may be required long term to prevent recurrance of rheumatic fever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| if rheumatic fever is left untreated, it can lead to ______ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
heart inflammation which causes scarring, thickening rigid heart valves (ussually mitral) and murmers
- can lead to HF |
|
|
Term
| infective bacterial endocarditis |
|
Definition
| infection causing inflammation in the inner lining of the heart especially lining of heart valves |
|
|
Term
| infective bacterial endocarditis |
|
Definition
| bacteria travels via the blood to the endocardium and forms vegetative lesions which effect the heart function and can embolize |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| s/s of infective bacterial endocarditis that results from microemboli lodging in small blood vessels of the skin and mucous membranes |
|
|
Term
| infective bacterial endocarditis |
|
Definition
| splinter hemorrhages under the fingernails area s/s of ___ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a white centered hemorrhage in the eye that is a s/s of infective bacterial endocarditis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small reddened painful raised growths on the fingers and toe pads that appear with infective bacterial endocarditis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small non-tender purplish-red macular lesions on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet with infective bacterial endocarditis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the heart muscle caused by infection, radiation, toxins, drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the double layered pericardial sac that covers the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uremia (toxins in blood from renal failure) can cause ____ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pericarditis can cause fibrosis of the pericardium which restricts ____ and decreases ___ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complication of pericarditis which is an abnormal collection of fluid between pericardial layers that threatens normal cardial function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complication of pericarditis which is the heart is compressed by accumulation of fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a decreased pulse pressure (difference between systolic and diastolic pressure) can be a sign of ___ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| needle aspiration of pericardial space during cardiac tamponade |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a ____ may be used to drain the pericardial sac during cardiac tamponade |
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