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Cardio 1
Anatomy of Respiration
32
Other
Not Applicable
07/26/2005

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Cards

Term
Visceral Pleura - where is it?
Definition
Against the lungs
Term
Parietal Pleura - where is it?
Definition
Against the ribcage.
Term
What are the pleura that enclose the lungs? (2)
Definition
Visceral and parietal.
Term
Pleuracy - definition, and general cause.
Definition
Inflammation of the pleura. Caused by friction between visceral and parietal pleura. VERY PAINFUL.
Term
How much fluid does the pleural space contain?
Definition
~ 2ml
Term
Name the lobes of the R & L lungs.
Definition
R: Superior, middle, inferior.
L: Superior, inferior.
Term
What is the L lung's equivalent to the middle lobe called? How is it different from the R middle lobe?
Definition
Lingula. It has no actual physical separation.
Term
Define Conduction Zone.
Definition
The places air just passes through the respiratory system - gas exchange does not occur there.
Term
List the structures in the Conducting Zone. (4)
Definition
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Terminal Bronchioles
Term
What are the Transitional, and Respiratory Zones?
Definition
Areas of the lung where gas exchange occurs.
Term
List the structures in the Transitional and Respiratory Zones. (3)
Definition
Respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Alveolar Sacs
Term
In what structures of the lung does gas exchange take place? (3)
Definition
Respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Alveolar Sacs
Term
Are the alveoli in the central or peripheral lung?
Definition
Peripheral.
Term
Name the structures in the lung which carry air only - where no gas exchange takes place. (4)
Definition
Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles
Terminal Bronchioles.
Term
Through what structures does blood travel from the heart to the lungs?
Definition
Pulmonary artery.
Term
Through what structure does blood travel from the lungs to the heart?
Definition
Pulmonary Vein.
Term
What vascular system supplies airway MUSCLES?
Definition
Bronchial Vascular System.
Term
Define Alveoli.
Definition
A thin-walled mesh of capillaries.
Term
How thick are alveolar walls?
Definition
1 cell thick.
Term
What are the three types of cells that make up alveolar walls?
Definition
Type-1 pneumocytes
Type-2 Pneumocytes
Elastic cells
Term
What is the most common cell that makes up alveoli?
Definition
Type-1 Pneumocytes.
Term
What is the function of the type-1 pneumocyte?
Definition
structure.
Term
what do type 2 pneumocytes do?
Definition
make surfactant.
Term
what cells make surfactant?
Definition
type 2 pneumocytes.
Term
What cells provide structure to the alveolus?
Definition
Type-1 pneumocytes.
Term
What are the 3 essential muscles of respiration? (the ones that are working all of the time)
Definition
Scalenes
Parasternal intercostals
diaphragm
Term
What is the most important respiratory muscle?
Definition
Diaphragm.
Term
What are the 4 accessory respiratory muscles? (used only when needed)
Definition
SCM
Traps
Abs
Internal/External Intercostals
Term
What muscles are used for normal expiration?
Definition
None. it's passive elastic recoil.
Term
What three muscle groups are responsible for FORCED expiration?
Definition
Internal intercostals
Rectus Abdominis
Transvers Abs
Term
What do the elastic cells in the alveoli provide/what is their function?
Definition
Passive elastic recoil for expiration.
Term
Why are ab muscles important to respiration?
Definition
Because they provide counterpressure to the diaphragm expansion, so the ribcage will expand rather than compression of the abdominal contents (ie: quad gut).
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