Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
what heart sounds do the aortic and
pulmonic valves make |
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Definition
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Term
| during s1 are the atrium and ventricles in diastole or sytole? |
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Definition
| ventricle systole atrial diastole |
|
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Term
| where do you find the heart sounds? |
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Definition
aortic rsb 2is
pulmonic lsb 2is
tricuspid lsb 4is
mitral mcl 5th is |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| factors that affect preload? |
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Definition
| elasticity, volume, size of ventricle |
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Term
| what is the biggest factor that affects afterload |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what can you do to lower afterload? |
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Definition
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Term
| how can we lower afterload without decreasing bp? |
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Definition
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Term
| abnormally low afterload could be caused by? |
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Definition
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Term
| abnormaly high afterload is usually a result of |
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Definition
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Term
| what could cause an abnormaly high afterload if the patient doesnt have chronic htn |
|
Definition
| severe hypervolemia can cause increased bp |
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Term
| how can we create a high afterload |
|
Definition
| give vasoconstrictor levophed for people who have no bp and are dying |
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Term
| what else could provide resistance to the left ventricle? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what happens during systolic heart sound |
|
Definition
| the mitral valve closes and the slv's open |
|
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Term
| what happens when you have chronic aortic stenosis? |
|
Definition
| they develop cardiomegally, they develop regurgitation, then they need an aortic valve replacement |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| where would you find afterload to the right ventricle? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| three properties of electrical cells |
|
Definition
| automaticity, exitability, conductivity |
|
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Term
| what direction does electricity flow through the heart? |
|
Definition
| superior to inferior and from right to left |
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Term
what percentage does atrial kick
provide to the heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why is afib detrimental to cardiac output? |
|
Definition
| because there is no atrial kick |
|
|
Term
| normal rate from sa node? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| normal rate from av node? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| what does the right coronary artery feed? |
|
Definition
right atrium
right ventricle
sa node
av bundle
posterior portion of left ventricle
|
|
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Term
what does the left anterior ascending
artery feed? |
|
Definition
anterior 2/3rds of the intraventricular septum
anterior and lateral left ventricle |
|
|
Term
| what does the circumflex artery feed? |
|
Definition
left atrium
posterior left ventricle |
|
|
Term
| if the distal part of the left descending artery is blocked what will most likely develop? |
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Definition
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|
Term
what does a sudden appearance of a
q wave equal |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a normal pr interval? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| if the pr interval is consistantly ove 0.2 what is that? |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| if you have a qrs consistantly >0.12 what is that? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what is a normal qt interval? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what is the first intervention with someone with bradycardia? |
|
Definition
| check to see if they are symptomatic |
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment if someone is symptomatic with bradycardia? |
|
Definition
o2,decrease activity, atropine, transcutaneous
pacemaker @60, iv access |
|
|
Term
| what are signs of atrial tachycardia? |
|
Definition
regular rhythm, hr>150, pwaves may not
be visable |
|
|
Term
| how do you treat atrial tachycardia? |
|
Definition
beta blockers, cc blockers, cardiotonics,
carotid massage |
|
|
Term
| which drugs are used to treat ventricular and superventricular arrythias? |
|
Definition
| procanomide, amiodarone, adenosine |
|
|
Term
which drug is onlly used to treat ventricular
arrythmias? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is cardioversion used for? |
|
Definition
| svt, ventricular stable vtach |
|
|
Term
what is the difference betwen atrial tach
and sinus tach? |
|
Definition
| atrial has decreased cardiac output |
|
|
Term
| what is the normal rate for a tach |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| four reasons tachycardia is detrimental |
|
Definition
decreased diastolic filling
decreased coronary artery perfusion
decreased myocardial tissue perfusion
increased myocardial oxygen demand |
|
|
Term
| why can pac's be forshadowing? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
irregular
no pwaves
no atrial kick |
|
|
Term
| what does afib put the patients at risk for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
blood thinners
dig
if brady arapaima, procanimide, amniodarone |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| difference between a-tach and svt? |
|
Definition
| a-tach regular, svt irregular |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| vtach with a pulse treatment |
|
Definition
pericordial thump
ask patient to keep coughing
lidocaine, amiodarone, procanomide
cardioversion |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| charateristics of ideoventricular rhythm |
|
Definition
regular
no pwave
rate<40
wide and retrograde qrs |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of junctional rhythm |
|
Definition
regular
no p wave
rate 40-60 |
|
|
Term
symptomatic patient with junctional
rhythm treatment |
|
Definition
pacemaker
atropine or epinephrine |
|
|
Term
| how many pvcs per minute require treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| amniodarone, procainimide, lidocaine |
|
|
Term
| what is a run of four or more pvc's called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what foods are high in vitamin k |
|
Definition
| green tea, broccoli, cabbage, avocados |
|
|
Term
| how long for ckmb to rise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long for troponins to rise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ekg changes in zone of ischemia |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| ekg changes in zone of injury |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| ekg changes in zone of necrosis |
|
Definition
abnormal q-wave
horse out of barn |
|
|
Term
| what are protocols for tpa |
|
Definition
no bleeding disorders
no recent surgerys
chest pain had to have been in last 4hrs
age limits |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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