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Cardiac Muscle (review: cards from before)
Morrow review Cardiac Muscle ppt
48
Histology
Undergraduate 4
03/09/2011

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Cards

Term
pericardium
Definition
fibrous CT sac surrounding the heart
Term
serous, epicardium, mesothelial cells
Definition
cardiac muscle has an outer fibrous CT tissue layer and an inner ____ layer continuous with ______ containing ___ cells
Term
pericardial fluid
Definition
lubrication containsed within pericardium
Term
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
Definition
3 layers of heart
Term
simple squamous
Definition
type of mesothelium that is on the external surface of the heart
Term
underlying fibroblastic CT and adipose tissue
Definition
supports epicardium
Term
epicardium
Definition
layer of heart where blood vessels and nerves are located
Term
adipose tissue
Definition
there is a protective layer of ____ surrounding the heart
Term
thinner in atria, thicker in ventricles
Definition
myocardium is _____ in the atria and _____ in the ventricles
Term
myocardium
Definition
aka cardiac muscle
Term
collagenous
Definition
myocardium contains bundles of myocytes attached to thick, ______ CT skeleton
Term
endocardium
Definition
lines atria, and ventricles, covers heart valves
Term
simple squamous
Definition
type of endothelium in the heart (endocardium)
Term
subendothelial fibroblastic CT interspersed with reticular fibers and smooth muscle
Definition
supports endothelium of the heart
Term
endocardium
Definition
thicker in atria than ventricles due to greater turbulence in atria
Term
thicker-endocardium
thinner-myocardium
Definition
what is thick in the atria, what is thinner in the atria?
Term
within subepi and endocardial layers
Definition
where are purkinje fibers located in the heart?
Term
fibroblasts and collagen
Definition
the heart fibrous CT skeleton is composed of ___ and ____
Term
valves
Definition
tough fibrous rings at the base of the aorta and pulmonary arteries (AV valves) extending into the IVS
Term
os cordis
Definition
tissue ossifies to form bony rings at the base of the AV valves to form this
Term
lamina fibrosa
Definition
cardiac valves contain layer of fibrous tissue called _____ ___ covered with endothelium
Term
cardiac muscle
Definition
intermediate between smooth and skeletal muscle structurally and functionally
Term
1, central (ocassionally 2)
Definition
how many nuclei cardiac muscle cells have and the location
Term
autonomic
Definition
cardiac fibers are striated but under _____ control
Term
diad, 1, 1 (skeletal muscle has 2 cisternae & 1 t-tubule)
Definition
instead of a triad, cardiac contractile proteins have and intracellular ____ composed of _(#) T-tubules and __(#) cisterna of ER located at the _____
Term
cardiac myocytes
Definition
inherent automaticity is exhibited by individual ____ ____
Term
intercalated discs
Definition
M fibers of cardiac muscle cells branch, but the ends abut at specialized ____ unique to cardiac muscles-a specialized connection between cells
Term
intercalated discs
Definition
enhance spread of contractile stimulus between cardiac mm cells and allow synchronous contractions
Term
intercalated discs
Definition
provides attachment sites for myofibrils between adjacent cardiac mm cells
Term
desmosomes, fascia adherens, gap junctions
Definition
cell junctions that make up intercalated discs
Term
desmosomes
Definition
bind individual myocytes together laterally and on ends
Term
fascia adherens
Definition
join ENDS of M fibers, like zonula adherens
Term
gap junctions
Definition
located laterally, provide ionic communication between cells, synchronize contractions and allow muscle to behave as a syncitium
Term
sa node, av node, bundle of his, purkinje fibers
Definition
components of cardiac conduction
Term
gap junctions
Definition
sa node, av node, bundle of his, and purkinje fibers consist of highly modified cardiac myocytes that coordinate conduction, joined by extensive ______
Term
larger, 4X
Definition
cardiac conduction cells are _____ than surrounding cardiac muscle cells and conduct impulses ____ faster
Term
paler, due to glycogen content
Definition
conduction cells in cardiac tissue stain _____ due to ______ content
Term
SA node
Definition
pacemaker, located at the junction of the superior vena cava and RA
Term
SA node
Definition
generates impulses that induce contraction of atria
Term
AV node
Definition
as impulses travel across atria, they stimulate the ____ (located between RA and V)
Term
AV node
Definition
delays the impulse giving atria time to contract
Term
interventricular septa (IVS)
Definition
after impulses cross the atria they travel down what structure
Term
bundle of His
Definition
this structure branches into L and R AV bundles within the IVS
Term
bundle of His
Definition
initiates ventricular contraction
Term
Purkinje fibers
Definition
when bundle of his fibers subdivide in ventricular myocardium they ramify into ___ within the endocardium and epicardium of ventricular free wall
Term
myocardium
Definition
what do purkinje fibers gradually merge with
Term
sympathetic ganglia, increases
Definition
sympathetic stimulation originates from ____ and ___ heart rate
Term
vagus nerve, decreases
Definition
parasympathetic stimulation originates from ____ and ___ heart rate
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