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carbon
carbon stuff
37
Science
8th Grade
03/10/2010

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Term
Diamond
Definition
A form of the element carbon; it is the hardest mineral crystal on Earth
Term
Graphite
Definition
A form of the element carbon in which carbon atoms form falt layers
Term
Fullerene
Definition
A form of the emlement carbon that consists of carbon atoms arranged in a repeating pattern
Term
Organic Compound
Definition
Most compounds tha contain carbon
Term
Hydrocarbon
Definition
An organic comound that contains only carbon and hydrogen
Term
Moleculer Formula
Definition
A combination of chemical symbols that represent the elements in each molecule of a compund
Term
Subscript
Definition
A number in a flormula written lower and smaller than the symbol to indicate the number of atoms of a element in a molecule
Term
Isomer
Definition
One of a number of compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures
Term
Saturated Hydrocarbon
Definition
A hydrocarbon in which all the bonds between carbon atoms are single bonds
Term
Unstaturated Hydrocarbon
Definition
A hydrocarbon in which one or more of the bonds between carbon atoms are double or triple bonds
Term
Substituted Hydrocarbon
Definition
A hydrocarbon in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by atoms of other elements
Term
Hydroxyl Group
Definition
An -OH group, found in acohols
Term
Alcohol
Definition
A subsituted hydrocarbon that contains one or m ore hydrowyl groups
Term
Organic Acid
Definition
A substituted hydrocarbon with one or more of the -COOH group of atoms
Term
Carboxyl Group
Definition
A -CH group, found in organic acids
Term
Ester
Definition
An organic compund made by chemically combining an acohol and an organic acid
Term
Polymer
Definition
A large molecule in the form of a chain in which many smaller molecules are bonded together
Term
Monomer
Definition
One molecule tha makes up the links in a polymer chain
Term
Synthetic
Definition
A material that is not formed naturally but is manufactured
Term
Nutrient
Definition
A substance that provides energy or raw materials for the body to grow, repair worn parts, or function properly
Term
Digestion
Definition
The process of breaking poylmers into monomers by means of a chemical change
Term
Carbohydrate
Definition
An energy-rich organic compound made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Term
Glucose
Definition
A sugar found inthe body; the monomer of many complex carbohydrates
Term
Complex Carbohydrate
Definition
A long chain,or poylomer of simple carbohydrates
Term
Starch
Definition
A complex carbohydrates in which plants store energy
Term
Cellulose
Definition
A complex carbohydrate found in pant structures
Term
Protien
Definition
An organic compound that is a poylmer of amino acids
Term
Amino Acid
Definition
One of 20 kinds of organic compounds that are the monomers of proteins
Term
Lipid
Definition
An enegy-rich poylomer made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen: fats, oils, waxes, and cholesterol are lipids
Term
Fatty Acid
Definition
An organic compound made by chemically combining an acohol and organic acid
Term
Cholesterol
Definition
A waxy lipid found in all animal cells
Term
Nucleic Acid
Definition
A very large organic compound made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus; examples are DNA and RNA
Term
DNA
Definition
Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid
Term
RNA
Definition
Ribo Nucleic Acid
Term
Nucleotide
Definition
An organic compound that is one of the monomers of nucleic acids
Term
Vitamin
Definition
An organic compound that serves as a helper molecule ina variety of chemical reations in the body
Term
Mineral
Definition
A simple element needed by the body, that is not organic
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