Term
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Definition
| Monosaccahrides, Disacchardies, Oligosaccharides, Polysaccharides |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| two monosaccharides linked together |
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Term
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Definition
| Linkage between two monosaccharides which forms a disaccharide |
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Term
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Definition
| three to ten monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds |
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Term
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Definition
| starche, glycgoen, cellulose |
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Term
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Definition
| chains of linked monosaccharide units |
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Term
| What are monosaccharides composed of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the basic formula of a monosaccharide? |
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Definition
| (CH2O)n n=any integer between 3-7 |
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Term
| What chemical modifications can monosaccharides contain? |
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Definition
| amino and phosphate groups |
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Term
| What functional groups can a monosaccharide contain? |
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Definition
| Ketone carbonyl and an Aldehyde carbonyl |
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Term
| What is a monosaccharide with a ketone carbonyl group called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a monosaccharide with an aldehyde carbonyl group called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a ketone carbonyl group consist of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a aldehyde carbonyl group consist of? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you determine D vs L isomerism? |
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Definition
| The direction of the hydroxyl group attached to the second to last carbon of the molecule. |
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Term
| Which way does a dextrorotary isomer rotate? |
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Definition
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Term
| which way does a levorotatory isomer rotate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which form are most common sugars in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most important sugar in the human body? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is glucose an aldose or a ketose? |
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Definition
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Term
| Under physiological conditions, glucose exists in a.... |
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Definition
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Term
| What carbons bind to form the cyclic hemiacetal form of glucose? |
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Definition
| the C5 hydroxyl with the C1 aldehyde group |
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Term
| How do the isomers of glucose differ? |
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Definition
| The location of the -OH on the acetal carbon, C-1 |
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Term
| What else if fructose called? |
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Definition
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Term
| The sweetest of all sugars is... |
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Definition
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Term
| Is fructose a ketose or an aldose? |
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Definition
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Term
| The principal sugar found in mammalian milk is... |
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Definition
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Term
| Is galactose an aldose or ketose? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do glucose and galactose differ? |
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Definition
| The orientation of one hydroxyl group |
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Term
| What sugars have only five carbons? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is deoxyribose a aldose or ketose? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is ribose a ketose or aldose? |
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Definition
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Term
| What reagent would oxidize the aldehyde groups of aldoses? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Bendedict's reagent? |
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Definition
| Alkaline copper (II) solution |
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Term
| All monosaccharides and disaccharides except ________ are reducing sugars |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most important reduced sugar? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is a glycosidic bond formed? |
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Definition
| The reaction of an anomeric -OH with another anomeric -OH to form an alcohol or sugar |
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Term
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Definition
| A 1,4 glycosidic linkage between two alpha-D-glucose molecules |
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Term
| What kind of sugar is maltose? |
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Definition
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Term
| What sugar is formed as an intermediate in starch hydrolysis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is maltose a reducing sugar? |
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Definition
| Due to the hemiacetal hydroxyl |
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Term
| What sugars make up lactose? |
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Definition
| Beta-D-galactose to alpha-D-glucose |
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Term
| What glycosidic bond makes up latcose? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of sugar is lactose? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which sugar is non-reducing? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Linking a Alpha-D-glucose with a Beta-D-fructose |
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Term
| What is the glycosidic linkage between sucrose? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are other names for sucrose? |
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Definition
| Table sugar, cane sugar, beet sugar |
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Term
| What are the monosaccharides? |
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Definition
| glucose, fructose, galactose, deoxyribose, ribose |
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Term
| What are the disaccharides? |
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Definition
| maltose, lactose, sucrose |
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Term
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Definition
| storage form of glucose found in plants |
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Term
| _______ are polymers of a alpha linked glucose |
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Definition
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Term
| If the links in a starch are only 1,4 the polymer is a.... |
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Definition
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Term
| If the links in a starch are both 1,4 and 1,6 the polymer is a... |
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Definition
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Term
| If the polymer is an amylose the structure is... |
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Definition
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Term
| If the polymer is an amylopectin the structure is... |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ is a linear homopolymer composed of B-D-glucose units linked Beta-1,4 |
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Definition
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