Shared Flashcard Set

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Capital Budgeting
UBUS 310 Block 6 FINA Capital Budgeting
31
Business
Undergraduate 3
04/06/2013

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Cards

Term
Name the four capital budgeting techniques
Definition

1. Payback

2. Net Present Value

3. Internal Rate of Return

4. Profitability Index

Term
What does the Payback method do?
Definition

Calculates the period of time it takes to recover early cash flows. 

Shorter paybacks are better, longer riskier.

If the payback period is less than the policy's maximun accept the project. If payback period is more, reject.

Term
What are weaknesses of the Payback technique?
Definition

- Stops counting when we are paid back

- Ignores TVM

- Ignores Risk

Term
When would a company use Payback?
Definition

- When making a low dollar investment

- As a tie breaker (choose project that gets you your money back first)

Term
How do you calculate Payback?
Definition

Take cash flow and cumulative cash flow to determine when money is paid back.  Roundup - rounds up the year in which money is paid back. Interpolated - Gives a more accurate idea of when paid back.

For Interpolated take number of years + (amount still needed in last year/ amount expected in last year)

 

Term
What is the Net Present Value technique?
Definition

- NPV is the net effect that undertaking a project is expected to have on the firm's value

If NPV > 0, then the expected return beats the required return.

If NPV < 0, then will decrease firm's value

A firm should select the NPV with the highest value to maximize shareholder wealth.

Term
NPV Decision Rules
Definition

Stand alone Projects:

NPV > 0, accept

NPV < 0, reject

NPV = 0 ?

 

Mutually Exclusive Projects:

NPV(a) > NPV(b) choose A over B

Term
How do you calculate the NPV?
Definition

Use Cash Flow Registers

CF0= Amount put in +/-

CF1 = amount expected year 1

CF2 = amount expected year 2

and so on...

I= Cost of Captial rate

Compute NPV

Term
What is the IRR technique?
Definition

- A project's IRR is the return it generates on the investment of its cash outflows

- It is a yield measure (%) - NPV is a dollar measure

- Estimates the expected return

- IRR is the interest rate that makes a project's NPV zero

Term
IRR Decision Rules
Definition

Stand alone projects:

- If IRR > cost of capital (or k) accept

If IRR < cost of capital  reject

***You MUST know both the expected and required return in order to make a decision***

 

Mutually Exclusive Projects:

IRR(a) > IRR(b) choose project A over project B

BUT if required return is more than either A or B, reject both

Term
How do you calculate IRR?
Definition

Use the cash flow registers.

CF0 = Amount out

CF1 and so on = amount expected each year

CPT IRR

Term
How do you calculate Payback if there is an annunity stream?
Definition

outflow/annunity

 

Term
What is the Profitability Index technique?
Definition

- Is a variation of the NPV method

- It is a ratio of the present value of a project's inflows to the present value of a project's outflows

- Indicates value per dollar invested

- PI must be greater than 1

- higher PI means more value

PI = Present Value of inflows/ present value of outflows

Term
Profitability Index Decision Rules
Definition

Stand Alone Projects:

- If PI > 1 accept

- If PI < 1, reject

 

Mutually exclusive Projects:

PI(a) > PI(b) choose A over B

Term
How do you calculate PI?
Definition

First, calculate NPV using cash flow register

CF0 = 0 (we can ignore for this one)

C01 = amount expected year 1

C02= amount expected year 2

and so on...

NPV, I= cost of capital rate ENT down, NPV CPT

 

Then, once you have your NPV...

PI = NPV/ amount of initial outflow

Term
Which profitability method accounts for all cash flows?
Definition
NPV, IRR, PI
Term
Which profitability method includes time value of money?
Definition
NPV, IRR, PI
Term
Which profitability method indicates value created?
Definition
NPV, PI
Term
Which profitability method indicates how much value is created?
Definition
NPV
Term
Which profitability method is a proxy for risk?
Definition
PBP
Term
Which profitability method is a proxy for liquidity?
Definition
PBP
Term
Which profitability method gives PV per dollar invested?
Definition
PI
Term
Which profitability method indicates dollars of economic income?
Definition
NPV
Term
Which profitability method Answer is %
Definition
IRR
Term
Which profitability method answer is in years?
Definition
PBP
Term
Which profitability method answer is in dollars?
Definition
NPV
Term
Which profitability method answer is a ratio?
Definition
PI
Term
What solutions would you use if you are comparing projects with unequal lives?
Definition

- Replacement chain method

- Equivalent Annual Annuity Method

 

ALWAYS CALCULATE EAA FIRST!!!!

Term
How do you do the calculations for comparing projects with unequal lives?
Definition

First, use Cash Flow registers to compute NPV for both the short and long term projects.

Then, calc. EAA by taking the NPV as PV and computing PMT using TVM calculation for both short and long term projects

Then, take short term project with and compute PV but use the "N" as the number of years in the longer term project. Compare the PV amount to the NPV you originally got for the Longer term NPV.

Term
What is Capital Rationing?
Definition
It exists when there is a limit to the amount of funds available for investment in new projects.
Term
Is is rational to ration?
Definition

Yes, because:

- Expected returns are estimates

- WACC is estimate

- Money is only one resource

- Keep or maintain a cash reserve

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