Term
| Characteristics of benign tumors |
|
Definition
| non-invasive, not spreading to other sites; grow slowley; often encapsulated (contained within a fibrous capsule); composed of organized and specialized (differentiated) cells that closely resemble normal tissue; they do not mestastasize |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of malignant tumors |
|
Definition
| rapidly multiplying; invasive and infiltrative; anaplastic (loss of differentiation of cells) and undifferentiated; metastatic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| classifying the particular type of cancer tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 major groups of cancerous tumors |
|
Definition
| carcinoma, sarcoma, and mixed-tissue tumor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| largest group of cancerous tumor; composed of epithelial tissue that lines internal and external bodysurfaces; 90% of malignancies are carcinomas; malig tumor of epithelial tissue get word carcinoma + type of tissue it occurs in; |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| less common than carcinoma, derived from connective tissue (bone, fat, muscle, cartilage, bone marrow, cells of lymphatic syste |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adenocarcinoma of the Colon |
|
|
Term
| Malignant tumor of esophagus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Malignant tumor of stomach |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Malignant tumor of adrenal glands |
|
Definition
| Carcinoma of the adrenals [ adrenocortical carcinoma] |
|
|
Term
| Malignant tumor of breast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carcinoma of the pancreas or pancreatic adenocarcinoma |
|
|
Term
| malignant tumor of prostate |
|
Definition
| carcinoma of the prostate |
|
|
Term
| malignant tumor of salivary glands |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| malignant tumor of thyroid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| malignant tumor of kidney and bladder |
|
Definition
renal cell carcinoma or hyper nephroma
transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder |
|
|
Term
| malignant tumors of the lung |
|
Definition
adenocarcinoma bronchioloalveolar
large cell carcinoma
small oat cell carcinoma
squamous cell epidermoid |
|
|
Term
| malignant tumors of the reproductive Organs |
|
Definition
adenocarcinoma of the uterus
carcinoma of the penis
choriocarcinoma of the uterus and testes cystadenocarcinoma (Mucinous or serous) of the ovaries
squamous cell epidermoid carcinoma of the vagina or cervix |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| forming large open spaces filled with fluid. mucinous tumors are filled with mucus (thick sticky fluid) and serous tumors a filled with a thin, watery fluid resembling serum. The most common side of cystic tumors is in ovaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mushrooming pattern of growth in which tumor cells pile 1 on top of another and project from a tissue surface. Tumors found in the colon are often this type |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having the features of inflammation- that is, redness, swelling, and heat. Inflammatory changes resulted from tumor blockage of the lymphatic drainage of the skin, as in breast cancer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to large, soft, fleshy tumors. Thyroid and breast tumors may be medullary. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| containing dead tissue. Any type of tumor can outgrow it's bloody supply and undergo necrosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Growths that are like projections extending an outward from a base. Sessile polypoid tumors extend from a broad base and pedunculated polypoid tumors extend from a stem or stock. Both benign and malignant tumors of the colonmaybe grow as polyps. Benign polyps of the colon have a significant risk of the coming malignant over time and should be removed to prevent cancer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| characterized by an open, exposed surface resulting from the death of overline tissue. Ulcerating tumors often are found in the stomach, breast, colon, skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| assiting primary treatment; drugs are given early in the course of treatment along with surgery or radiation to attack deposits of cancer cells that may be too small to be detected by diagnostic techniques |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| synthetic chemicals contain alkyl groups that attach DNA causing strand breaks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of differentiation of cells; reversion to a more primitive cell type |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of forming new blood vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemical substance produced by bacteria or primitive plants they inhibit the growth of cells and are used in cancer chemotherapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemicals that prevent cell division by inhibiting formation of substance necessary to make DNA; used in cancer chemotherapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that block mitosis (cell division) taxol is an antimitotic used to treat breast and ovarian cancers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| programmed cell death (apo- means off,away; -ptosis means to fall) normal cells undergo apoptosis when damaged or aging. some cancer cells have lost the ability to undergo apoptosis and they live forever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| non-cancerous growth (neoplasm) |
|
|
Term
| biological response modifiers |
|
Definition
| substances produced by normal cells that either directly block tumor growth or stimulate the immune system to fight cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uses the body's own defenses to destroy tumor cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radio therapy that uses insertion of sealed containers into body cavities or radioactive seeds directly into the tumor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| agents that cause cancer; chemicals and drugs, radiation and viruses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cancerous tumor made up of cells of epithelial origin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pieces of DNA that when activated by mutations or by dislocation can cause a normal cell to become malignant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| combination chemo therapy |
|
Definition
| use of several chemotherapeutic agents togeher for the treatment of tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of differentiation of cells; reversion to a more primitive embryonic cell type; anaplasia or undifferentiation |
|
|
Term
| DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid |
|
Definition
| genetic material within the nucleus of a cell; controls cell division and protein synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that promote tumor cells to differentiate, stop growing, and die |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| low energy beams of radiation for treatment for skin or surface tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surrounded by a capsule; benign tumors are encapsulated |
|
|
Term
| external beam irradiation |
|
Definition
| applying radiation to a tumor from a source outside the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dimentions of the area of the body undergoing irradiation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| giving radiatation in small repeated doses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| family members are te4sted to determine wether they have inheritated a cancer causing gene |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| evaluating the degree of maturity of tumor cells or indication of malignant transformation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unit of absorbed radiation dose |
|
|
Term
| gross describtion of tumors |
|
Definition
| visual appearance of tumors to the naked eye; cystic, fungating, inflammatory, medullary, necrotic, polypoid, ulcerating, and verrucous tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extenting beyong normal tissue boundaries into adjacend tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having the ability to enter and destroy surrounding tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exposure of any form of radiant energy such as light, heat or x-rays |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large electronic device that produces high energy x-ray beams for treatment of deep seated tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a tumor having the characteristics of cont. growth, invasiveness, and metastasis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| embryonic connective tissue (mes = middle, enchym/o = to pour) this is the tissue from which connective tissues (bone, muscle, fat, cartilage) arise |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spread of malignant tumor to a secondary site; literally, beyond (meta-) control (-stasis) |
|
|
Term
| microscopic description of tumors |
|
Definition
| appearance of tumors when viewed under a microscope: alveolar, carcinoma in situ, diffuse, displastic, epidermoid, follicular, papillary, pleomorphic, scirrhous, undifferentiated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| replecation of cells; a stage in a cells life cycle involving production of two identical cells from a parent cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumors composed of different types of tissue (epithelial as well as connective tissue) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| method of treatment such as surgery, chemotherapy or irradition |
|
|
Term
| molecularly targeted drugs |
|
Definition
| anti cancer drugs designed to block the function of growth factors,their receptors, and signaling pathways in specific tumor cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition of being unwell; deficient in normal function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| change in the genetic material (DNA) of a cell; may be caused by chemicals, radiation, or viruses or may occur spontaneously |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new growth; benign or malignant tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unit of DNA (gene) composed of a sugar, phosphate, and a base. the sequence or arrangement of nucleotides on a gene is the genetic code |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region of DNA in tumor cells (cellular oncogene) or in viruses that cause cancer (viral oncogene) oncogenes are designed by a 3 letter name, such as ABL, ERB, JUN, MYC, RAS, and SRC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relieving but not curing symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| possessing a stem or stalk (peduncle); characteristic of some polypoid tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of the distribution in and the removal of drugs from the body over time in humans and animals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radiation therapy using energy in the form of xrays or gamma rays |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| detailed plan for treatment of an illness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| subatomic positively charged particles (protons) produced by a cyclotron deposit a dose of radiation at a tightly focused point in the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy carried by a stream of particles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor that is destroyed by radiation therapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor that requires large doses of radiation to be destroyed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor in which radiation can cause the death of cells without serious damage to surrounding tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that increase the sensitivity of tumors to xrays |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| treatment of tumors using doses of radiation; radiation oncology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| recurrence of tumor after treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| partial or complete disappearance of disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cellular substance that represents a copy of DNA and directs the formation of new protein inside cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cancerous tumor derived from connective or flesh tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having the appearance of a thin watery fluid (serum) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having no stem; characteristic of some polypoid tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study using CT scan or MRI to map treatment before radiation therapy is given |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor composed of a mass of cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| system of evaluating the extent of spread of tumors. An example is the T and M system (tumor-node-metastasis) |
|
|
Term
| stereotactic radiosurgery |
|
Definition
| delivery of dose of radiation under stereotactic (high precise) guidance (gamma knife surgery) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complex, naturally occurring chemicals derived from cholesterol. some are used in cancer chemotherapy |
|
|
Term
| surgical procedures to treat cancer |
|
Definition
| methods of removing cancerous tissue: cryosurgery, cauterization, en bloc resection, excisional biopsy, excenteration, fulguration, incisional biopsy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pieces of DNA from viruses that infect a normal cell and cause it to become malignant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an infectious agent that reproduces and entering a host cell and using the hosts' genetic material to make copies of itself |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cancerous tumor of glandular tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Treatment of disease with substances that assist or enhance the action of primary treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Synthetic chemicals used in treatment of cancer. They interfere with DNA synthesis and cell division to prevent cancer cells from increasing in number |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Partial or complete lack of hair. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to a small sac or alveolus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loss of differentiation of cells and reversion to a more primitive, unspecialized cell type. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process of forming new blood vessels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chemical substances produced by bacteria or primitive plants; inhibit the growth of cells and are used in treatment of cancer and infectious disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chemicals that prevent cell division by inhibiting formation of substances necessary to make DNA; used in cancer treatment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Drugs that block mitosis (cell division); used to treat cancer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Biologic response modifiers |
|
Definition
| Substances produced by normal cells that block tumor growth or stimulate the immune system to fight cancer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Use of the body’s own defenses to fight tumor cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Small amount of bone marrow tissue is removed (aspirated) and examined under a microscope for evidence of malignancy. |
|
|
Term
| Bone marrow transplantation |
|
Definition
| Bone marrow tissue is infused intravenously into a patient. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Placement of radioactive material (small sealed containers) in contact with or implanted into tumor tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| General ill health (muscle wasting and weight loss) associated with severe, chronic disease, such as cancer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Substances that produces cancer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Localized cancer, confined to its site of origin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process of burning tissue to destroy it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pieces of DNA that, when broken or dislocated, can cause a normal cell to become malignant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Use of several chemotherapeutic agents together for treatment of tumors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Insertion of a needle into tissue to remove a core of cells to examine under a microscope; needle aspiration. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Use of subfreezing temperature to destroy tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A cystic tumor forms large open spaces filled with fluid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chromosomes of normal or tumor cells are examined for breaks, translocations, or deletions of DNA. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loss of differentiation of cells; reversion to a more primitive, embryonic cell type |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Genetic material within the nucleus of a cell; controls cell division and protein synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Drugs that promote tumor cells to differentiate, stop growing, and die. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Specialization of cells; unspecialized cells are modified and altered to form specific and characteristic types and functions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to abnormal formation or development of cells; not clearly malignant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Low-energy beams of radiation for treatment of skin or surface tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of a tumor with a large area of surrounding tissue containing lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surrounded by a capsule; benign tumors are encapsulated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Resembling epidermis or the outer layer of skin. Epidermoid tumors are composed of thin, plate-like cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of tumor and a margin of normal tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wide resection involving removal of the tumor, its organ of origin, and all surrounding tissue in the body space. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cells are scraped from a region of suspected disease and examined under the microscope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Radiation applied to a tumor from a distant source, such a machine (linear accelerator). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Visual examination of the colon using a fiberoptic instrument (endoscope). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Malignant tumor of fibrous or connective tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition (proliferation) of fibrous connective tissue; occurring in the lung as a side effect of radiation for lung cancer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to forming small, glandular sacs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Method of administering radiation treatment in small, repeated doses rather than in a few large doses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Destruction of tissue by electric sparks generated by a high-frequency current. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gross description of tumor growth in which cells pile one on top of another and project from the tissue surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Family members are tested to determine whether they have inherited a cancer-causing gene. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Evaluating the microscopic appearance of tumor cells to determine their degree of differentiation or maturity and thus malignant transformation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Unit of absorbed radiation dose |
|
|
Term
| Gross description of tumors |
|
Definition
| Visual appearance of tumors, such as cystic, fungating, inflammatory, medullary, necrotic, polypoid, ulcerating and verrucous. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Increased growth in numbers of normal cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Localizing antigens or proteins in tissues using labeled (colored or fluorescent) antibodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Piece of tumor is removed for examination to establish a diagnosis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to extending beyond normal tissue boundaries. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Having the ability to enter and destroy surrounding tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Exposure to any form of radiant energy such as light, heat or x-rays. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Visual examination of the abdominal cavity using small incisions and a laparoscope (endoscope). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Device that produces high-energy x-ray (photon) beams for treatment of deep-seated tumors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| X-ray examination of the breast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to embryonic connective tissue from which all connective tissues arise. Sarcomas are tumors of connective tissues that arise originally from mesenchymal cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Conversion of normal cells into a less differentiated type in response to chronic stress or injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Spread of a cancerous tumor to another site (change of place) or secondary location (meta- = change, -stasis = place or control). |
|
|
Term
| Microscopic description of tumors |
|
Definition
| Appearance of tumors as viewed under the microscope. Examples are alveolar, carcinoma in situ, dysplastic, epidermoid, follicular tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cell division or replication of cells; creation of two identical daughter cells from a parent cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tumors composed of different types of tissue (epithelial as well as connective tissues). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Molecularly targeted drugs |
|
Definition
| Anticancer drugs designed to block the function of growth factors, their receptors, and signaling pathways in specific tumor cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Damage to normal tissue or the state of being diseased. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to cystic tumors filled with mucus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of mucous membranes; often a side effect of radiation therapy or chemotherapy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to producing a mutation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Change in genetic material (DNA) of a cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bone marrow depression or formation of blood cells (leukopenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tumor that contains dead cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| New growth (tumor); benign or malignant tumor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Malignant childhood tumor originating in cells of the nervous system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Unit of DNA (gene) composed of a sugar, phosphate, and a base. The sequence of nucleotides composing a gene is the genetic code |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Region of DNA in tumor cells (cellular oncogene) or in viruses (viral oncogene) that cause cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Study of tumors (malignant tumors). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Relieving, but not curing symptoms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to nipple-like projections. A papillary tumor forms microscopic nipple-like or finger-like projections of cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Possessing a stem or stalk (peduncle). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Study of the distribution and removal of drugs in the body over a period of time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Radiation treatment using x-rays and gamma rays delivered to tumor tissue via a linear accelerator. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to a variety of shapes or cell types |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Resembling a polyp (benign growth that protrudes from a base |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Measurements of the level of specific proteins in the blood or on the surface of tumor cells; PSA, CA-125, alpha-fetoprotein are examples. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Detailed plan for treatment of an illness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Subatomic particles (protons) produced by a cyclotron deposit absorbed dose of radiation at a finite, focused point in the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Energy carried by a stream of particles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tumor cells that are destroyed with radiotherapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Radioactive substances (radionuclides) are injected intravenously and scans (images) are taken of organs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tumor cells that require large doses of radiation to be destroyed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tumor in which radiation can cause death of cells without damage to surrounding tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Drugs that increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to x-rays. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Treatment of tumors using radiation; radiation oncology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Return of symptoms of disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Partial or complete disappearance of symptoms of disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Malignant tumor of the retina of the eye; childhood malignancy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cellular substance that, along with DNA, plays a role in protein synthesis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cancerous tumor derived from connective or flesh tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to hard, densely packed tumors, overgrown with fibrous tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to a clear fluid (serum) that remains after blood has clotted. Serous tumors are cystic tumors filled with a thin, water fluid, resembling serum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of polyp that extends from a broad base as opposed to growing on a stalk. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Study prior to radiation therapy using CT scan or MRI to map treatment. It is required for all patients undergoing radiation therapy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tumor composed of a mass of cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| System of evaluating the extent of spread of tumors. |
|
|
Term
| Stem cell transplantation |
|
Definition
| Stem cells (immature blood cells) are harvested from the bloodstream of a patient and then reinfused after the patient has received chemotherapy. |
|
|
Term
| Stereotactic radiosurgery |
|
Definition
| A single large dose of radiation delivered under stereotactic (highly precise) guidance to destroy a vascular abnormality or treat small intracranial tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Complex, naturally occurring chemicals, such as hormones, that are used in cancer chemotherapy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Radiation delivered to a tumor from a distant source, such as a linear accelerator or cyclotron. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Growth that has open, exposed surfaces resulting from death of overlying tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tumor, whose growth pattern, resembles a wart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pieces of DNA from viruses that infect a normal cell and cause it to become malignant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Infectious agent that reproduces by entering a host cell and using the host’s genetic material to make copies of itself. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to tumor growth in small microscopic sacs (descriptive of connective tissue tumors—sarcomas). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
General ill health and malnutrition associated with chronic disease such
as cancer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Burning tissue to destroy it (using electricity). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Destruction of tissue using cold temperatures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tumor forms with large open spaces filled with fluid |
|
|
Term
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Definition
| Malignant tumor of fiber-producing cells (flesh or connective tissue origin). |
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| Pertaining to microscopic description of tumor growth in small gland-type sacs. |
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Mushrooming pattern of growth in which tumor cells pile one on top of another
and project from the tissue surface. |
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| Large, soft, fleshy tumor |
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| Inflammation of mucous membranes |
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| Change in the genetic material of a cell. |
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| Pertaining to producing mutation. |
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| Tumor containing dead cells. |
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| Pertaining to tumors that grow in small nipple-like or finger-like pattern. |
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| Pertaining to abnormal growth of cells but not clearly cancerous. |
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| Pertaining to tumors that contain a variety of cell types. |
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| Detailed plan for treatment of illness |
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| Tumors that grow as projections extending outward from a base |
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| Use of radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. |
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| Malignant tumor (flesh tissue) of bone |
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| Pertaining to hard, densely packed tumors, overgrown with fibrous tissue |
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| Tumor of the retina of the eye (embryonic cells); congenital and hereditary tumor |
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Cancerous tumor of embryonic nervous tissue; a sarcoma composed of neuroblasts
and affecting infants and children up to 10 years of age. The tumor usually arises in the autonomic nervous system |
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| Formation of blood vessels. |
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| Cancerous tumor of glandular tissue. |
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| Condition of increased growth of cells (in numbers |
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| Stopping or inhibiting the growth of bone marrow tissue. This means that blood cells (leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets), normally formed in bone marrow,are not produced. |
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| Ionizing radiation used to treat malignancies |
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| Reversion of cells to a more embryonic type (as happens in malignancy) |
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| Implantation of small sealed containers or seeds of radioactive material directly or near tumors. |
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| Resembling epidermal tissue (tumors that arise from aberrant epidermal cells). |
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| The spread of a malignant tumor from its original location to a distant site. |
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| Abnormal transformation of adult differentiated cells to differentiated tissue of another kind. |
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| Radiation therapy using high-energy beams from a distant (tele-) source, such as a linear accelerator or cyclotron (proton therapy). |
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| All-transretinoic acid- treatment for acute myelogenous leukemia |
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| Bone marrow transplantation |
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| Centigray (one hundredth of a gray) or rad |
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Complete response
Disappearance of all tumor |
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| Colony-simulating factor - for example: g-csf granulocyte colony-simulating factor) and gm-csf (granulocyte-macrophage colony-simulating factor) |
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| Epidermal growth factor receptor |
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| Erythropoietin; promotes growth of red blood cells |
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| Gastrointestinal stromal tumor |
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| Gray-unit of absorbed radiation dose |
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| Hematoxylin and eosin-a dye combination used to stain pathology specimens |
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| Growth factor gene highly activated on certain types of breast cancer |
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| Prices of burning tissue to destroy it. Examples are electrocauterization (using a needle or snare heated by electric current), leader, dry ice, and chemicals |
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| Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer |
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| Intensity-modulated gated radiation therapy-use of imaging mechanism attached to linear accelerator is added to IMRT to gate (track) a tumor moving during respiration |
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| Intensity-modulated radiation Therapy-high doses of radiation are delivered directly to cancer cells in a targeted way, more precisely than in conventional radiotherapy |
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| Intraoperative radiation therapy |
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| Non-small cell lung cancer |
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| TNM - INTERNATIONAL STAGING SYSTEM |
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| T specifies the size and degreeof local extension of the Tumor; N is the number of regional lymph Nodes that have been invaded by the tumor; and M specifies the presence or absence of metastases of the tumor cells |
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