Term
| What is the fraction of death due to cancer and infections in developing countries? developed countries? |
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Definition
developing: cancer 1/20, infections 1/2
developed: cancer 1/4, infections 1/10 |
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Term
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Definition
| number of new cases occuring in a given time period divided by the size of the population |
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Term
| What is the mortality rate? |
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Definition
| the number of deaths occuring in a given time period divided by the size of the population |
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Term
| T/F cancer causes mor male deaths than female deaths. |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the "inevitable" risk factor for cancer? |
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Definition
| age; whether due to cumulative exposure, aging physiology, latency of tumor development or combo of all of them |
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Term
| T/F Smoking can cause uterine cancer. |
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Definition
| yes, it raises your risk of uterine cancer by 1.5 to 2.5 x |
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Term
| T/F Smoking can cause pancreatic cancer. |
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Definition
| true (smokers have 2-4x the risk) |
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Term
| What percent of cancers are "spontaneous"? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percent of cancer have environmental causes? genetic causes? environmental/genetic combo causes? |
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Definition
| environment- 80%, genetic 83% and gene/environmental= 78% |
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Term
| What gene deletion can cause an increase susceptibility to lung cancer if you smoke? What population has likelihood of this deletion? |
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Definition
| CYP2A6 20% of asian people have this deletion |
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Term
| T/F High doses of alcohol can help cause cancer. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F In general, only one mutation is needed to cause cancer. |
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Definition
| false, multiple mutations are usually necessary |
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Term
| A person with familial adenomatous polyposis has a mutation in what gene on which chromosome? |
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Definition
| tumor suppressor gene APC on chrom. 5 |
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Term
| An individual with FAP can be virtually guaranteed colon cancer by age ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Ionizing radiation is linked to which cancers? |
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Definition
| breast cancer, leukemia, skin cancer, thyroid cancer, lung cancer |
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Term
| CHemotherapeutic drugs can cause cancer in the ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Immunosuppressive drugs can cause cancer where? |
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Definition
| in the reticuloendothelial system |
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Term
| Nonsteroidal estrogens can cause cancer of the... |
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Definition
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Term
| Steroidal estrogens can contribute to cancer of the ... |
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Definition
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Term
| Oral contraceptives have been linked to cancer of the... |
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Definition
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Term
| Tamoxifen has been linked to cancer of the... |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Phenacetin analgesics can cause cancer of the... |
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Definition
| kidney, pelvis, and bladder |
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Term
| Neurofibromatosis type 1 can cause cancer of the ... |
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Definition
| CNS, neurofibrosarcomas, pheochromocytomas, and leukemia |
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Term
| What familial cancer syndrome causes: colorectal, jaw, skull, skin, stomach and CNS cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
| What familial cancer syndrome causes cancer of the thyroid, stomach, breast and ovary? |
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Definition
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Term
| What cancers are caused by BRCA-1 and BRCA-2? |
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Definition
| BRCA-1 causes breast and ovary, BRCA-2 causes breast (in both females and males) |
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Term
| What organism can cause stomach cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
| What organism can cause cancer of the urinary bladder? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which organism can cause cancer of the liver bile duct? |
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Definition
| opisthorchis viverrini, clonorchis sinensis |
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Term
| T/F Hepatitis B and C can cause liver cancer. |
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Definition
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Term
| HTLV-1 virus is associated with which cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
| What cancer as associated with epstein-barr? |
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Definition
| burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharynx, and hodgkins lymphoma |
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Term
| What strains of HPV are especially associated with uterine cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Being overweight and obese can contribute to cancer. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Dermal HPV that manifests as common skin warts can cause uterine cancer. |
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Definition
| False, only mucosal HPVs cause uterine cancer |
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Term
| Name the stages cervical epithelium undergoes from normal to cancerous. |
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Definition
| normal is stratified squamous, then persistent infection with HPV causes lowgrade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), then you can get high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) then you get cancer |
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