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Cancer Drugs
Cancer Drugs
50
Pharmacology
Graduate
09/28/2011

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Methotrexate
Definition
Blocks DHFR; long lasting
Part of CMF
Term
5-Fluoro-Uracil
Definition
Incorporated in DNA and blocks DNA replication because Thymidilate Synthase cant add methyl to C5
Part of CMF
Term
CMF
Definition
Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, 5-Fluro-Uracil
Term
Capecitabine
Definition
Oral prodruf of 5-FU
Term
Gemcitabine
Definition
Analog of 5-FU but replaces Cytidine
Term
Doxorubicin
Definition
(Adriamycin)Topoisomerase Inhib.
Used in Breast cancer; cardiotoxic (dose dependent/ F>M)
Term
Irinotecan
Definition
Topoisomerase Inhib. used in colorectal cancer
Term
Cisplatin
Definition
Alkylating agent use in Lung and Ovarian cancer
Term
Cyclophosphamide
Definition
DNA alkylating agent
Oral prodrug(no tissue damage)
May cause leukopenia or secondary cancer
Used in CMF
Term
Vincristine
Definition
Blocks microtubule formation (Spindle poison)
may cause peripheral neurotoxicity
Term
Paclitaxel
Definition
Blocks microtubule disassembly (Spindle poison)
may cause peripheral neuropathy
Term
Bevacizumab
Definition
Humanized mAb against VEGF to block angiogenesis
Causes HTN (damaged endothelium)
Low efficacy so used to get cytotoxic drugs into tumor and prevent angiogenesis in macular degeneration
Term
CHOP
Definition
Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubin(Doxorubicin/Adriamycin), Oncovin(Vincristine), and Prednisone
Term
Rituximab
Definition
Chimeric mAb against CD20 on Bcells
Improves Overall survival and disease free survival in Bcell Lymphomas when used with CHOP
Term
Panitumumab
Definition
Human mAb against EGF-R with less immunogenicity that Cetuximab
IgG2 so no C' or FcR affinity
Term
Cetuximab
Definition
Chimeric mAb against EGF-R(HER1)
Used in WT Kras Colorectal Cancer
Side effects are rash and diarrhea(EGF-R is in skin and GI tract)
Term
Trastuzumab
Definition
Humanized mAb against HER2 used in agressive HER2+ breast cancers
Increases survival
Cardiotoxic (HER2 is on cardiomyocytes)
Term
Basiliximab
Definition
Chimeric mAb against CD25(IL2R)
Immunosuppressent
Term
Daclizumab
Definition
Humanized mAb against CD25(IL2R)
Immunisuppressent
Term
Sirolimus(Rapamycin)
Definition
Binds mTOR and inhibits activation of Tcells by IL2
Immunosuppressant
Term
Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus
Definition
Bind calcineurin which inhibits IL2R and blocks Tcell proliferation
Immunosuppressant
Term
Azathioprine
Definition
Prodrug of mercaptopurine; inserts mercaptopurine in DNA and blocks replication
Immunosuppressant
Term
Bortezomib
Definition
Preotease Inhibitor that causes apoptosis
Used in Multiple Myeloma
Side affects are GI and neutropenia
Term
Sorafinib
Definition
Broad Spectrum inhibitors mainly acting on VEGFR
Term
Sunitinib
Definition
Broad Spectrum inhibitors mainly acting on VEGFR
Term
Imatinib
Definition
Gleevac
Targets bcr/abl fusion protein in CML
Resistanc develops fast
Term
Gefitinib
Definition
EGFR Kinase inhibitor
Commonly used in lung cancer
Side affect is rash
Some lung cancers are resistant
Term
Erlotinib
Definition
EGFR Kinase inhibitor
Used commonly in lung cancer
Side effect is rash
Term
Aspirin
Definition
Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory; OTC
Unstable angina/ Post MI (Because its irreversible)
Term
Acetominophen
Definition
Analgesic only; OTC
Weak base, 20%bound, weak COX-I (low AI)
No effect on uterine contractions
Safe in children, pregnancy, renal disease, asthmatics, bleeding disorders
Term
Ibuprofen
Definition
Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory; OTC
Best for primary dysmenorrhea
Lowest GI risk
Term
Naproxen
Definition
Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory; OTC
Higher ceiling and T1/2 than Aspirin
Term
Ketoprofen
Definition
Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory; OTC
Higher Ceiling than Aspirin
Term
Diflunisal
Definition
Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory (salicylate)
Higher efficacy/analgesic ceiling and half life than aspirin
Term
Sulindac
Definition
Anti-inflammatory only
Prodrug; Active sulfide metabolite
Used in renal complications
Term
Indomethacin
Definition
Anti-inflammatory only
Highest COX1-I potency
PDA in neonates
Most potent COX1 Inhib (Most POTENT AI)
Term
Ketorolac
Definition
Analgesic only
Term
Celecoxib
Definition
Anti-inflammatory only
COX2 Selective
Term
Rofecoxib
Definition
Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory
COX2 Selective
Term
Misoprostol
Definition
Methylated PGE1 Analogue
Restores GI prostagladins and protects against GI sideeffects of NSAIDS
Term
N-acetyl cysteine
Definition
Antidote to Acetaminophen poisoning
Term
Cortisol
Definition
Short acting glucocorticoid(8-12hrs)
Term
Cortisone
Definition
Short acting glucocorticoid(8-12hrs)
Term
Fludrocortisone
Definition
Potent mineralocorticoid
9alpha-fluoro
8-12 hrs
Term
Prednisone
Definition
Short acting glucocorticoid
8-12hrs
Term
Triamcinolone
Definition
Intermediate acting glucocorticoid (12-36hrs)
Term
Dexamethasone
Definition
Long acting glucocorticoid (36-72hrs)
A ring double bond=higher GC activity
Methyl on C6=higher GC potency and longer half life
Methyl on C16 on D ring=decreased MC activity
Term
Aminoglutethimide
Definition
Blocks 1st step in steroid biosynthesis (Cholesterol to Pregnenolone)
Blocks all steroid production
Used in Cushings
Chemical Adrenectomy
ACTH rises
Term
Metyrapone
Definition
Blocks last step of Cortisol syn and syn of mineralcorticoids
Used to test competency of adrenal axis (ACTH rises)
Term
Lipocartin
Definition
Induced by glucocorticoids
Blcoks lipooxygenase and Cox
will not cross react with NSAID hypersensitivity
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