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Cancer Chem Hardy
drugs
40
Medical
Graduate
10/09/2010

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
tretinoin (all-trans retinoic acid)
Mechanism
Definition
binds to retinoid X receptor - RARalpha dimer and replaces a repressor of differentiation
Term
toxicity of tretinoin
Definition
retinoic acid syndrome- fever dyspnea, pulmonary infiltrates, pleural effusions
Term
tretinoin treats
Definition
acute promyelocytic leukemia
Term
arsenic trioxide
Definition
generates free radicals by uncoupling mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Causes differentiation of APL cells and inhibits angiogenesis
Term
toxicity of arsenic trioxide
Definition
atrial or ventricular arrythemias
Term
Aromatase inhibitors
Definition
exemestane, letrozole, anastrozole. Block conversion of androgens to estrogen.
Term
toxicity of aromatase inhibitors
Definition
musculoskeletal pain,, HA, jt pain, difficulty breathing
Term
target aromatase inhibitors
Definition
breast cancer
Term
tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Definition
Tamoxifen, imatinib, geftinib, erotinib
Term
tamoxifen mechanism
Definition
competitive inhibitor estrogen receptor prevents estradiol from binding
Term
usage tamoxifen
Definition
estrogen dependent breast cancer
Term
Side effects tamoxifen
Definition
hot flashes increase in bone or tumore pain if metastasis.
also acts as an agonist of estrogen in some tissues resulting in decrease serum cholesteral and maintenance of bone density
Term
imatinib mech
Definition
inhibits constitutively active BCr-ABL tyrosine kinase.
To treat CML
detect abl/bcr by FISH and Rt-pcr
Term
monoclonal antibodies for tyrosine kinase
Definition
trastuzumab, cetuximab, bevacizumab
Term
trastuzumab mechanism
Definition
MAB that binds Her2 receptor that can be overexpressed on brease cancer cells.
toxicity- heart weakening, CHF- cardiomyapathy and infusion related
Term
Cetuximab
Definition
MAB for epidermal growth factor (EGFR or Her1)
USED FOR mestastatic colorectal cancer and non small cell lung, pancreatic, and breast
Term
toxicity of cetuximab
Definition
infusion reaction- airway obstruction and hypotension
severe acneiform rash/eruption
Term
bevacizumab mechanism
Definition
inhibits vascular endothelial rgowth factor and inhibits angiogenesis.
treat mestastatic colorectal cancer
Term
bevacizumab treats and toxicity
Definition
metastatic colorectal cancer less infusion reactions than cetuximab. CHF, HTN, proteinuria
Term
daclizumab
Definition
cd25 target. t-cell mycosis fungoides
Term
alemtuzumab
Definition
cd52 b cell CLL, t cell lymphoma
Term
rituximab-
Definition
CD20- treat B cell lymphoma and CLL
Term
gemtuzumab
Definition
Cd33 treat AML
Term
Peripheral sensory neurotoxicity
Definition
  1. cisplatin
  2. vincristine
  3. paclitaxel
  4. ectoposide
Term
central neurotoxicity
Definition
  1. Ifosfamide (confusion)
  2. Cisplatin (ototoxicity)
Term
Mild Bone Marrow Depression
Definition
Vincristine and Bleomycin
Term
Drug interaction for epirubicin
Definition
Cimetidine will cause a increased in serume epirubicin
Term
dexrazoxane
Definition
protects frm cardiotoxicity and extravasation of doxorubicin
Term
Bleomycin toxcitity
Definition

Bleomycin forms radicals to cause DNA fragmentation. Does not affect Bone Marrow.

CAUSES pulmonary fibrosis

Term
Topoisomerase dependent DNA strand breakers
Definition

doxorubicin, epirubicin

dactinomycin

etoposide

Term
Antimetabolite that inhibits DNA chain elongation
Definition

Cytarabine.

its posphorylated to aracytidine triphosphate and binds 3' OH.

Inactivated by cytadine deaminase in liver

bone marrow depression

Term
Cepacitidine drug interaction
Definition
coumarin derived anticoags
Term
TPMT mutations
Definition

people can not metabolize 6-mercaptopurine. it will accumulate in them and if homo for it die.

intolerant to azathioprine.

Term
6-mercaptopurine mechanism and toxicity
Definition

inhibits purine (guanine) synthesis. incorporated into DNA = strand breaks

toxicity= bone marrow

treat leukemia in kids

Term
Leucovorin
Definition

Potentiates Fluorouracil

Inhibits methotrexate and rescues toxicity

Term
Cyclophosphamide toxicity
Definition

cardiotoxic, hemorrhagic cystitis- bladder burn caused by acrolein metabolite treat w/ MENSA

and hematuria

 

Ifosfamide has same but add MESNA to prevent. Also has neurotoxicity- confusion

Term
nitrogen mustards
Definition

alkylating agents

  1. mechlorathamie-
  2. cyclophosphamide -bladder burn
  3. ifosfamide- neuro (confusion)
Term

platinum Complexes

 

 

Definition

Cisplatin and carboplatin

(renal treat with hydration, peripheral sensory neuropathy, and ototoxicity)

Term
Akly sufonate
Definition
Bisulfan- bone marrow (stem cell) depression
Term

nitrosoureas

 

Definition

Carmustine (IV) and Lomustine (oral)

pulmonary fibrosis

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