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Canadian Social Welfare, Turner & Turner
Chapter summary of definitions, social welfare, sociology
21
Social Work
Undergraduate 1
05/01/2017

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Term
accommodationist perspective
Definition
n.
1. a person who adapts to the opinions or behavior of the opposition or the majority.
adj.
2. of or characteristic of such a person.
Term
communitarian perspective
Definition
Communitarianism refers to a theoretical perspective that seeks to lessen the
focus on individual rights and increase the focus on communal responsibilities.
The definition of community varies and can refer to anything from the nuclear or
extended family to the political state or nation. Very similar to the Aboriginal Perspective.
Term
cultural imperialism
Definition
Cultural imperialism comprises the cultural aspects of imperialism. Imperialism here refers to the creation and maintenance of unequal relationships between civilizations, favoring the more powerful civilization. Thus, cultural imperialism is the practice of promoting and imposing a culture, usually that of a politically powerful nation, over a less powerful society; in other words, the cultural hegemony of industrialized or economically influential countries which determine general cultural values and standardize civilizations throughout the world.
Term
descriptive or existential beliefs
Definition
Descriptive/existential beliefs are verifiable statements about people, objects, and situations. Like factual statements, descriptive beliefs are objective statements that, in principle, can be shown to be true or false; correct or incorrect; valid or invalid (e.g., I believe Mars is a planet). Descriptive or existential beliefs define what is true and what is false, e.g., belief in the innate goodness of people.
Term
evaluative beliefs
Definition
Evaluative beliefs are statements that reflect a general assessment of an attitude object. Evaluative beliefs can be stated as good or bad (e.g., I believe Colgate toothpaste is the best). Evaluative beliefs define what is good and what is bad, for example pleasure is good, so any suggestion that it is bad is rejected.
Term
exploitation
Definition
Term
individualism
Definition
Term
institutional perspective
Definition
The other view is that social welfare is a necessity and a right of all citizens. This view tends to take a more supportive approach.
Term
laissez-faire
Definition
Term
marginalization
Definition
Term
oppression
Definition
Term
polycentric perspective
Definition
Term
possessive individualism
Definition
Term
powerlessness
Definition
Term
prescriptive beliefs
Definition
Prescriptive beliefs define the means and ends that are desirable. For example, many people believe there is just no reason for physical violence.
Term
regeneration
Definition
Term
residual perspective
Definition
One view is that social welfare programs essentially have a negative consequence for individuals and society, so tends to be restrictive in approach
Term
utilitarianism
Definition
Term
violence
Definition
Term
Conceptual system
Definition
Canadian society, like most modern, industrialized nations holds a myriad of values and beliefs, and given the broad spectrum of events, behaviours, and attitudes, individuals apply their own worldviews to try to understand the phenomena they experience. This is called a conceptual system, so, for example, some people may have negative perceptions of certain ethnic groups, and will take what might be individual, isolated incidents and generalize these to reinforce beliefs about a whole population of people.
Term
technological determinism
Definition
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