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CAM notes Chapter 3
zangfu organs
64
Health Care
Graduate
09/20/2009

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Term
Zang organs
Definition

* manufacture and store essential substances including vital essence, qi, blood, and body fluid. 

*can be filled up, but not overfilled.

*store pure essential qi without draining it off

* Organs = Heart, Lung, Spleen, Liver, Kidney, Pericardium

Term
Fu Organs
Definition

*Receive and digest food and transmit and excrete the wastes.

*can be oversupplied, but cannot be filled up

*transmits water and food without storing them.

*Fu Organs = GB, ST, SI,LI, UB, TB

Term
Heart main functions
Definition

*Dominates the blood and vessels

*Manifests on the face

*Houses the mind

*Opens into the tongue

Heart qi xu = thready and weak pulse

 

*When heart function is NORMAL, tongue is rosy, moist, lustrous, and seense of taste will be normal and tongue will move freely

*When heart function is PATHOLOGICAL,

Blood xu = pale tongue,

Flaring of Heart fire = Redness of tongue tip and ulceration of body

Stagnation of heart blood -

Term
Pericardium
Definition
*Protects the heart (first to be attacked when there is an invasion of pathogenic qi, it isill oftenaffect the normal fx of the heart.  NOt regarded as independent, but as an attachment to the heart)
Term
Liver fxs
Definition
Stores the blood, maintains free flow of qi, controls the tendons, manifests in the nails and opens into the eyes
Term
Liver blood xu
Definition
blurred vision, spasm and convulsion of the tendons, muscles, numbness of the four limbs, oligomenorrhea, or amenorrhea.
Term
Liver qi stagnation
Definition

*and emotional activity - mental depression, paranoia, weeping; when hyperactive, irrascibility, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep, dizziness, and vertigo

*and digestion - (affects the ascending and descending functio of ST and SP) -dyspepsia, or stagnation such as distending pain of chest and hypochondrium, mental depression, and irascibility

*when liver qi affects stomach, belching, nausea, vomiting

*if affects spleen, abdominal distension and diarrhea (disharmony b/w liver and spleen)

Term
LIVER QI AND BLOOD STAG
Definition
stuffiness and pressure in chest, distending or pricking pain in hypochrhondrial regions, dysmenorrhea, or even formation of palpable mass
Term
Liver blood xu
Definition

weakness of tendons, numbness of the limbs, dysfunction of the joints in contraction and relaxation

*Weak tendons, soft and thin nails that are withered, deformed, or chipped

Term
Spleen main functions
Definition
governs transportation and transformation, controlling blood, dominating the muscles and limbs, opening into the mouth, manifesting on the lips.
Term
Spleen Qi Xu
Definition

poor appetite, abdominal distension, loose stools, lassitude, emaciation, and malnutrition.

*if spleen qi fails to transform dampness, spleen's tole in water metabolism will have dysfunction = edema, diarrhea, phlegm, and retained fluids.

*If spleen qi fails to ascend, vertigo, blurred vision, prolapse of rectum after prolonged diarrhea, and prolapse of other internal organs.

Term
Spleen qi xu relating to fx of controlling the blood
Definition
hemorrage, bloody stool, uterine bleeding and purpura.
Term
Spleen, muscles, & Limbs
Definition
inadequate nourishment of muscles of limbs will be weak and soft
Term
Spleen, relating to opening into mouth, manifesting on the lips in dysfunction
Definition

poor appetite, impaired sense of taste and a sticky, sweetish sensation in the mouth due to retention of pathogenic damp in spleen.

Healthy spleen = red and lustrous lips

Spleen qi xu = pale and sallow lips.

Term

Lung (the canopy of the zang-fu)

Functions

Definition
dominates qi, controls respiration, dominates dispersing and descending, dominates skin and hair, regulates water passages
Term
Lung qi xu relating to dominating qi and controlling respiration
Definition
General lassitude, feeble speech, weak respiration and Shortness of Breath
Term
Lung fx/ pathology in dominating dispersing, skin, and hair
Definition

Dispersing function of lung distributes wei qi to the whole body to moisten and warm the muscles, skin, and hair. 

EPF's invade lung via skin and hair giving rise to aversion to cold, fever, nasal obstruction, and cough.

If lung qi xu, skin can become wan and sallow, leading to xu of anthpathogenic qi and suseptibility to catching a cold.  When lung qi fails to protect the suface, spontaneous sweats.

Term
Lung dysfunction in dominating downbearing and regulating water passages.
Definition

Perversion of lung qi descending may result in cough and SOB. 

IN water passages, dysuria, oliguria, and edema

Term
Lungs, dysfunction opening into the nose
Definition

Runny nose, anosmia.

Pathogenic heat in lungs, SOB and vibration of ala nasi

Pathogenic lung affecting throat = horse voice and aphonia

Term
How pectoral qi is formed
Definition
From the combination of the essential qi of water and food and the clear qi inhaled by the lung
Term
Kidney functions:
Definition
Stores essence, dominates human reproduction and development, dominates water metabolism and reception of qi, produces marrow to fill up the brain, dominates bone, manufactures blood, manifests in the hair, opens into the ear, dominates anterior and posterior orifices.
Term
Kidney fxs: Storing essence
Definition
Stores essence, the material bases of the human body and many of its functional activities, consists of congenital and aquired.  Dominates the ability to reproduce, grow, and develop is related to the prosperity or decline of the essential qi of the kidneys. 
Term
Kidney yin
Definition
Foundation of yin fluid of the WHOLE Body which moistens and nourishes the zangfu organs and tissues.
Term
Kidney Yang
Definition
foundation of the yang qi of the whole body which warms and promotes the functions
Term
Kidney yin xu
Definition
Fails to control kidney yang, resulting in heat sensations in the chest, palms, soles, afternoon, fever, night sweats, seminal emission in males, sexual dreams in females.
Term
Kidney yang xu
Definition
Failure in warming and promoting, lack of spirit, coldness, and pain in lumbar region, knees, aversion to cold, cold limbs, impotence in men and infertility in women
Term
Kidney dysfunctino of dominating water metabolism
Definition
If fails to open and close, edema or abnormal micturation
Term
If kidneys fail to receive qi
Definition
root of qi is not firm and kidneys will fail to receive qi, SOB, difficulty inhaling that is worse after movement
Term
Kidney essence xu
Definition
fails to nourish bones, weakness/soreness of lumbar region and knees, weakness/atrophy of the feet, loose teeth or failing teeth.  Nourishment of hair depends on a sufficient supply of blood, rooted in kidney qi. (ESSENCE AND BLOOD PROMOTE EACH OTHER)
Term
Kidneys/ opening into the ear and dominating anterior and posterior orifices
Definition

When essential qi of kidneys is xu, tinnitus and deafness.

Function of micturation relates to the bladder, however relies on kidney activity of the kidney.

Decline of Kidney qi = rise in frequency of micturation, enuresis, oliguria, and anuria, seminal emission, impotence, premature ejaculation, infertility in reproduction, prolonged diarrhea, with prolapse of recturm or constipation.

Term
Gallbladder functions
Definition
stores and excretes bile to SI to aid digestion.
Term
Gallbladder dysfunctions
Definition

Upward perversion of GB qi: bitter taste in mouth, vomitting of bitter fluid, and failure to aid ST and SP in digestion leading to abdominal distention and loose stools

*Restrained flow of qi = fear, palpitations, insomnia and dream disturbed sleep

Term
Stomach fxs
Definition
receive and decompose food.  It's qi normally descends
Term
Stomach qi perversion
Definition
Lack of appetite, distending pain in the epigastrium, nausea, and vomitting
Term
SI functions
Definition
recption and digestion from stomach - seperates clear from the turbid, absorbs essential substances and part of the water from the food, transmits the residue of the food to the LI and water to the bladder
Term
SI Dysfunction of separating the clear from turbid
Definition
abnormal bowel movement and disturbance of urination
Term
Large Intestine Fx
Definition
receives watste material from SI, absorbs fluid content, and forms the remainder into feces
Term
LI Dysfunction
Definition
loose stools or constipation
Term
Bladder fx
Definition
temporary storage of urine, later discharges through qi activity when a sufficient quantity has been accumulated.
Term
TB Fx
Definition

Governs various forms of qi and serves as the passage for the flow of yuan qi and body fluid.  Upper = dominates dispersion and distribution. Middle = dominates digestion

Lower = dominates separation of clear from turbid

Term
Brain
Definition
Brain is the sea of marrow, organ of spirit, consciousness, and thinking.  Brain xu = dizziness and vertigo
Term
Uterus
Definition
Presides of menstruation and nourishes fetus. Closesly related to Kindy meridian, thoroughfare and Ren Mai.  Reproductive function is dominated by kidney qi.  Weak kidney qi leads to deficient qi and blood in chong and ren mai, irregular menstruation, amenorrhea or infertility.  Uterus is closely related to the heart (dominates blood), liver (stores blood), and Spleen (controls blood)
Term
Heart and Lung
Definition

Heart dominates blood, lung dominates qil  Blood is the mother of qi, qi is the commander of blood

*Both heart and lung are situated in upper jiao. During the development of febrile diseases, pahtogenic factors in lung may not be transferred to middle jiao by normal pathway, but invade the heart directly (AKA, invasion of pericardium by pathogenic factors through contrary pathways

Term
Deficiency of pectoral qi
Definition

*due to weakness of the Lung qi will lead to weakness and stagnation of bood circulation, resulting in stuffiness in the chest, SOB, palpitations, and purple lips and tongue

 

 

Term
Deficiency of heart qi retarding blood circulation
Definition
Impairs functino of lungs in dispersing and descending giving rise to cough, SOB, stuffiness in the chest, and sensation of suffocation
Term
Heart and SPleen
Definition

Heart dominates blood, spleen controls blood.  SPleen functino of t&t depends on propelling force of the yang qi of heart and kidney.

*Formation and flourishing of heart blood relies on the function of the spleen in t&t essential food and water.

Term
SPleen & Heart in pathology
Definition
spleen qi xu leads to blood xu or hemorrhage due to dysfunctio of spleen controlling blood.  This may lead to consumption of heart blood resulting in palpitations, insomnia, poor appetite, lassitude and pale complexion (deficiency of heart and spleen)
Term
Heart and Liver
Definition
heart dominates blood, liver stores it.
Term
heart and liver dysfunctions
Definition

*heart blood xu leads to liver blood xu resulting in palpitations, insomnia, dream disturbed sleep, pale complexion, accompanied by dizziness, blurred/impaired vision, oligomenorrhea, or delayed menstruation.

*Hyperactivity of liver yang = disturbing heart = headache, redness of the eyes, and irritability accompanied by menatl restlessness, insomnia, and dream disturbed sleep.

Term
Heart and Kidney
Definition

Heart dominates fire and is located in upper body and belongs to yang.  Kidney dominates water, situated in lower body and belongs to yin.

*Heart and kidney relate to balance of yin and yang, ascending and descending.

* Under normal conditions, Heart yang descends with Kidney yang to warm Kidney yin and Kidney water

* Kidney yin ascends with heart yin to moisten heart yang and to prevent it from becoming hyperactive

*Mutural communcation and restriction of Heart and Kidney = harmony of heart and kidney.

*Heart dominates blood and kidney stores essence.  Essence and blood promote each other.  Mutual causality between consumptino fo kidney essence and deficiency of heart blood

*Heart houses the mind, kidney essence productes marrow (brain).

Term
Heart and Kidney pathology
Definition

*Kidney yin xu fails to ascend and nourish heart leading to hyperactivity of heart yang, aching back, seminal emissions with mental restlessness, palpitations, insomnia, and dream-disturbed sleep.

*Kidney yang xu failing to evaporate fluids which depress heart yang leading to edema, chills, cold limbs with palpitations, SOB, stuffy chest, indicating retained water afflicting heart.

*Kidney essence or heart blood xu may lead to disturbance of consciousness such as insomnia, poor memory and dream disturbed sleep

 

Term
Spleen and Lung
Definition

*Relationship of qi and body fluid

*Spleen dominates t&t and is source of acquired blood

*Strength of lung qi relies on continuous supply of auired essence of water and food

*Condition of lung qi depends greatly on tonifying action of spleen qi

*Functino of spleen T&T water fluid relies on coordination of dispersing and descending function of the Lung

Term
Spleen and Lung dysfunction
Definition

*weak spleen qi leads to lung qi xu resulting in poor appetite, abdominal distension, emaciation with feeble cough, lassitude and dislike of speaking

*Dysfunctino of lung dispersing and descending may lead to accumulation of body fluid, and stasis of dampness in spleen resulting in cough with much expectoration and stuffiness in the chest, abdominal distention, borborygmus, and edema

Term
Liver and Lung
Definition

relationship of ascending and descending qi.  Lung qi normally descends, Liver qi normally ascends. 

*If liver qi is depressed, it may transform into fire and rise consuming the fluid of the lung - hypochondriac pain, irritability cough, and hemoptysis (invasion of lung by liver fire)

*Dysfunction of Lung descending may lead to pathogenic dryness consuming liver and kidney yin, leading to hyperactivity of liver, cough, referred pain in the chest and hypochondriac region, dizziness, headache, redness in face and eyes.

Term
Lung and Kidney
Definition

Movement of water and qi:  water metabolism closely related to Lung and Kidney.

*Kidney yin is root of yin fluid of the whole body

*Dysfunction of lung descending or kidney evaporating may lead to cough, SOB, difficulty lying flat and edema.

*when kid qi xu fails to receive lung qu the lung will remain floating above.  Prolonged Lung qi xu leads to dysfunction of kidneys reception of qi, leading to SHORTNESS OF BREATH worse AFTER MOVEMENT

*Kid yin xu fails to nourish lung yin leading to deficiency of yin - malar flush, afternoon fever, night sweat, dry cough, horse voice, and weakness and soreness of lumbar region and knees.

Term
Liver and Spleen
Definition

Digestion of water and food and circulation of blood.

*Spleen dominates t&t, liver maintains free flow of qi

*liver stores blood, spleen controls blood

*Pathologically, stagnation of liver qi may affect spleens t&t resulting in hypochondriac pain, mental depression and irriatbility, poor appetite, abdominal fullness, and distension, irregular bowel movments and lassitude (known as stagnation of liver qi leading to deficiency of spleen)

*Weak spleen qi - fails to control blood which leads to a deficiency of the source of blood - liver blood xu = poor appetite, emaciation, blurred vision, oligomenorrhea, or amenorrhea.

Term
Spleen and Kidney
Definition

Relatinoship of congenital and acquired qi.

*Spleen = acquired foundation ofqi

*Kidney = congenital foundatino of qi

Congenital promotes the acquired, aquired nourishes the congenital

*Kidney yang xu - fails to warm spleen yang.  Spleen yang xu leads to preponderance of yin and cold in the interior which may impair kidney yang with symptoms of abdominal fullness, borborygmus, loose stools, soreness and pain of low back and knees, aversion to cold and cold limbs (known as deficiency of spleen and kidney)

Term
Liver and Kidney
Definition

Relationship of blood and essence

* Liver stores blood, Kidney stores essence

*Liver blood relies on nourishment by kidney essence and kidney essence relies on supply of liver blood.

*Essence and blood produce and supply each other

*Kidney essence xu deprives Liver of nourishment.  Deficiency of yin of both liver and kidney = soreness and weakness of lumbar region and back, seminal emission, tinnitus, dizziness, vertigo, and dryness of the eyes.

*Hyperactivity of liver yang = headache, redness of the eyes and irritability.  Prolonged leads to consumption of kidney yin leading to sorenss and pain of lumbar region, seminal emission, tinnitus.

Term
Heart and Small Intestine
Definition

Excess heart fire may transmit pathogenic heat to small intestine resulting in oliguria, deep yellow urine, and burning urine

-heat in small intestine may ascend to heart leading to symptoms of mental restlessness, and ulceration of tongue, etc.

Term
Liver and gallbladder
Definition

*Clinically, differentation of syndromes of liver and GB cannot be completely separated, manifestationos of both appear simultaneously.

Liver/GB fire - pain in chest/hypochondrium, bitter taste in mouth, dryness in throat, and irritability

*Damp heat in Liver/GB - jaundice and bitter taste in mouth - extravasation of bile and hypochondriac pain and menatl depression (indicates liver qi stasis)

Term
Stomach and Spleen
Definition

Spleen dominates t&t (absorption and distribution of nutrients)

Stomach dominates reception (digestion)

*Dysfunction of stomach reception leads to poor appetite, unpleasant and hungry sensation in stomach

*DYsfunctino of Spleen t&t - leads to abdominal distension and loose stools

*Spleen dominates ascending (if descends, diarrhea and prolapse of the recturm)

*Stomach dominates descending (if ascends, nausea, vomiting, hiccups)

*Spleen is yin, likes dryness, dislikes dampness- when pathogenic dampness invades spleen, t&t is injured and leads to productino of dampness.

*Stomach yin xu may sir up deficiency heat in the interior

*Damp spleen inability to ascend clear and may affect stomach receiving and descending manifesting in poor appetite, nausea, vomiting, fullness, and distention of the epigastrium

*Dysfunction of stomach descending fx causes retention of food, affecting spleen in t&t, ascending the clear, leading to abdominal distension and diarrhea.

 

Term
Lung and Large Intestine
Definition

When lung qi descends, function of LI bowel movements are free.

*If LI is obstructed by stasis, it may prevent lung qi from descnding (Cough and fullness in chest)

Term
Kidney and urinary bladder
Definition

*Function of UB relies on condition of kidney qi which assists bladder in metabolizing fluids

*Kidney qi xu - irregular opening and closing of the bladder, dysuria, incontinence, enuresis, and frequency of micturation.

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