Term
The practice of calibration is defined as...
1. comparing the ____ and ___ of a
measurement instrument to a ___ value
or set of values
2. using appropriate instrumentation to make
____ to measurement instruments to
bring them in line with standard values
3. evaluating and adhering to acceptable
___ ___ in measurement that
conform to the standards of use for a given
instrument |
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Definition
| input and output; standard; adjustments; error tolerances |
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Term
A verification process performed by the
manufacturer of the equipment before it is put into use; check to make sure it is working properly |
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Definition
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Term
A periodic (usually annual) verification process of
several input and output parameters to ensure that equipment continues to function at manufacturer specifications and within standard parameters |
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Definition
| Electroacoustic calibration |
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Term
A daily process to verify general functional
integrity of equipment |
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Definition
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Term
Calibration parameters are defined by...
-Equipment ___ and ___
– ___ and ____ standards |
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Definition
| manuals; documentation; National; international |
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Term
A ____ is a written document, typically developed by a committee of national or international experts, on the
basis of scientific evidence and accepted practices |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ is an example of a standard and has information about audiometers |
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Definition
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Term
| Standards provide ___ for manufacturers and users |
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Definition
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Term
Standards...
-Specify what ___ of a particular piece of equipment should be measured
– Specify ___ tolerances for performance of equipment
– Serve as a ___ for checking the performance of equipment
– Provide guidelines for ___ equipment and carrying out ___ ___ with that equipment |
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Definition
| aspects; minimum; basis; using; test procedures |
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Term
Standards answer many ___ about the equipment we use, like....
-What are the characteristics of my audiometer?
-What are the standard threshold values for AC and BC testing?
-How are appropriate zero threshold values obtained for my supra-aural headphones? How about the inserts? The bone conductor?
-How should my audiometer be used? My immittance bridge? My evoked response equipment?
-What are appropriate normative values for my equipment?
-What are appropriate SPLs for my unoccupied sound booths? |
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Definition
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Term
| Most of the standards used in audiology are developed and distributed by the ___ ___ ___, the ___ ___ ___, and ___ ___ ___ ___. |
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Definition
International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC); International Organization for Standardization (ISO); American National Standards Institute (ANSI) |
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Term
IEC:
-Founded in ___
-Non-profit international NGO that prepares and
publishes international standards for ___ and
____ technology. Ex: ??
-Publishes standards jointly with the ___ ___ ___ ___ |
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Definition
| 1906; electric; electronic; hearing aids and hearing aid test equipment & Electrical and electronic medical equipment; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) |
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Term
ISO:
-Founded in ___
-Large and powerful international NGO that prepares
____ standards frequently adopted in ___ and
___ in various sectors and industries. Ex: ??
-Also publishes technical ___, technical ____, and ISO ___ (covering “matters related to international standardization”) |
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Definition
| 1947; international; laws; treaties; agriculture, engineering, electronics, medical technology; reports; specifications; guides |
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Term
ANSI:
-A private non-profit federation of organizations interested in
establishing ___ for use in industry and elsewhere. Including ___ and the ___ ___ ___
-Coordinates the development of standard practices and
measurements by member organizations in ___ ___
-Oversees creation and publication of ___ ___
-Accredits programs that assess how well business/organizations/laboratories/etc. ___ to standard procedures |
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Definition
| standards; ASHA; Acoustical Society of America (ASA); working groups; standard documents; conform |
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Term
ANSI:
-Founded in ___ as The American Engineering Standards
Committee to “ensure that U.S. voluntary standards would
be produced in a manner which eliminated or minimized
waste, duplication of efforts, and conflicting standards”
-Became the American Standards Association in ___
-Changed name to American Standards Institute in ___
-Changed name again to ANSI in ___ |
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Definition
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Term
-There are more than a ___ ANSI member organizations (as of 2014)
-Some of those member organizations include ___ ___, Research institutions, ____ organizations, NGOs and ___ associations, and some others
-More than ___ of those organizations are accredited to develop
standards, including ___ |
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Definition
| 1100; Private industry; Government; professional; 260; ASA |
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Term
-Committees called ___ ___ are formed from the
member organizations of ANSI to write standard documents |
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Definition
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Term
Working Groups:
-Experts involved in ___ areas
–Unpaid – must have outside ___ ___ to participate and be able to volunteer time
-Meet over a period of ___ to develop standard documents |
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Definition
| technology; financial support; months |
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Term
-The WG must come to ___ on the standard document before it is submitted to the approving organization
-After submission, the ___ ___ ___ reviews the document and gives final approval |
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Definition
| consensus; ANSI standards committee (ASC) |
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Term
ANSI standards pertaining to sound and acoustics are written by four Accredited Standards Committees (ASCs):
-S1 –?
-S2 –?
-S3 –?
-S12 –? |
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Definition
| Acoustics; Mechanical Vibration and Shock; Bioacoustics; Noise |
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Term
| Which accredited standards committee writes most of the standards pertaining to sounds? |
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Definition
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Term
-ANSI mandates review of all published standards every ___ years
-After review, a standard may be: ___, ___, and/or ___
-Revision committees go through the same consensus and approval practices used in the development of original ___ |
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Definition
| five; revised, reaffirmed, and withdrawn; standards |
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Term
ANSI standards are used to:
-___ audiologic equipment
-Describe audiologic clinical ___
-Standardize methods of ___
-Ensure consistency in ___ and equipment ___ across test environments |
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Definition
| Calibrate; procedures; measurement; techniques; tolerances |
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Term
| Is use of standards required by law? |
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Definition
In general, standards are voluntary – ANSI standards do
not by themselves carry any force of law |
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Term
It should be noted that all but one of the [hearing aid] ANSI
standards are ___ that individuals and organizations may choose to follow on a ___ basis… ANSI standards by themselves do not mandate adherence. Only when ANSI standards are adopted by a regulatory ___ do their specifications become required rather than voluntary. |
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Definition
| recommendations; voluntary; agency |
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Term
-Occasionally, ANSI and IEC standards (particularly for hearing aids) may ___. In these cases, refer to the ___ ___.
-Over the last several years, ___ and ___ working groups have attempted to reconcile standard differences |
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Definition
| differ; ANSI standard; ANSI and IEC |
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Term
-Audiologic test instruments must provide ___, ___, and ___ signals so that audiologists can make valid interpretations of test results
-Standards for performance are available for ___ audiologic instrumentation
-When appropriate calibrated using the published standards, test results can be ___ and extrapolated across test dates, sites, and testers |
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Definition
| accurate, precise, and consistent; most; compared |
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