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C4-18 Immunology of Transplantation
Toot it and Boot it!
6
Immunology
Professional
11/29/2010
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Cards

Term

 

 

 

—Types of transplants:

Definition

¡Autologous grafts (Autografts)
÷Donor and recipient are same individual
÷Common in skin grafting; bone marrow

¡Syngeneic grafts
÷Donor and recipient are genetically identical
÷Animal models; identical twins

¡Allogeneic grafts (Allografts)

÷Donor and recipient are same species, but genetically unrelated
÷Common heart, lung, kidney, liver graft

¡Xenogeneic grafts (Xenografts)
÷Donor and recipient are different species
¡Artificial grafts
Term




—Major Barrier to transplantation is the immune response

 Definition

-T cells play primary role

-B cells can/do play a role

-Classic adaptive/acquired immune response
-Memory
-Specificity
Term




HLA typing - PCR-based testing

Definition

-DNA is extracted from the white cells by chloroform and ethanol and added to the wells of a microtiter tray.

-Each well contains oligonucleotide primers complementary to a small segment of only one HLA allele.


-Amplification of the appropriate sized product in a give well indicates the presence of the HLA allele for which the primer is specific.  
Term




HLA typing - Sequence-Based Testing

 Definition

Sequencing of the HLA loci has not yet replaced PCR-based methods in most

HLA typing labs, but it has resulted in the discovery of a large number of

“micropolymorphisms” in the human genome.  
Term

 

 

 

Cyclosporin & FK506

 Definition

-Immunosuppresive drug that has made a big difference

 

-Blocks calcineurin/calmodulin
Term




Immunosuppresion Downsides

 Definition

—Downsides

-Must be maintained for life
-Toxicity
-Susceptibility to infections
-Susceptibility to tumors
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