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C4-17 T Cell Mediated Disease
You know I ffffffffff
6
Immunology
Professional
11/29/2010
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Term




When do T cells cause disease?

 Definition

—-If they respond to an autoantigen
—-If they respond to a superantigen
—-If they respond to an inappropriate antigen
—-If they respond to a persistent antigen
—-If they respond to a transplant antigen

Term




Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity

 Definition

-—AKA: Type IV Hypersensitivity
—-Does NOT require antibody
—-Response is initiated by CD4+ Th1 T cells
—-Response is mediated predominantly by macrophages
—

Term




Superantigens

 Definition

-—Bind to most MHC Class II molecules
—-Do NOT require normal antigen processing
—-Do NOT bind in peptide-binding cleft
—-Bind to specific V-beta sequences
—-Do NOT bind to V-alpha sequences
Term




Superantigens Leads to....

 Definition

—-Frequency of T cells responding to “normal” peptide antigen:  1 in 10,000 to 1 in 100,000
—-Frequency of T cells responding to superantigen:  1:4 to 1:100
-—Leads to massive T cell activation
—-Leads to massive cytokine production
—-Leads to shock-like syndromes
Term

 

 

 

Examples of Superantigen Syndromic Diseases

 Definition

- Food Poisoning 

 

- Toxic Shock Syndrome

 

- Scalded Skin Syndrome

 

- Arthritis, shock

 

- Rheumatic Fever, shock
Term

 

 

 

Types of DTH reactions

 Definition

1) Contact


- 48-72 hours,

-clinical appearance like eczema

- histology is lymphocytes followed by macrophages with edema of epidermis

- antigens at epidermis (poison ivy, heavy metals)


2) Tuberculin 


-48-72 hours

-clinical appearance is local induration, 

-lymphocytes,monocytes and macrophages

-antigen site is intradermal


3) Granuloma


-21-28 days

-clinical appearance is hardening

-macrophages, epitheloid and fibrosis 

-antigen site is persistent antigen of foreign body presence 
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