Term
| Freshwater fish are _______ as compared to their environment. |
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Definition
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Term
| the solubility of gases is ________ related to temperature. |
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Definition
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Term
| In fish gas exchanges occurs across the ____________ of the gills. |
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Definition
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Term
| which feature of osmoregulation is found only in freshwater bony fish? |
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Definition
| active transport of salt through the gills |
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Term
| placoid scales are common in which group |
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Definition
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Term
| extant sharks have which type of jaw attachment. |
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Definition
| hyostilic (was none of the above on test) |
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Term
| sharks have an extremely developed sensory system which they use to detect, approach and attack prey. The senses are used in which order. |
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Definition
| chemoreception, mechanoreception, visual, electroreception. |
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Term
| lecithotrophy refers to the condition where |
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Definition
| the egg is retained inside the mother and the mother provides only gases and inorganic ions. |
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Term
| which of the following DO NOT have a spiracle? |
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Definition
holocephali
teleosts
amphibians
lungfish |
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Term
| Ovoviviparity is a term to describe ______. |
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Definition
| eggs that hatch inside the mother and feed on the yolk and energy provided by the mother |
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Term
| De-oxygenated blood flows through the heart, to the repiratory surfaces and then directly to the rest of the body in ________. |
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Definition
| chondrichthyes and osteichthyes |
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Term
| A three chambered heart is first found in _________ to accommodate their relatively high metabolic rates. |
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Definition
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Term
| the fact that chondrichthyes and osteichthyes occupy similar ecological niches is evidence that the process of evolution is ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| In marine fish chloride cells are found in the _____ and act to ____________. |
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Definition
| gill, actively remove excess salts from the body |
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Term
| Active fast endurance swimmers such as tunas have a larger percentage of _________ as compared to fast burst swimmers. |
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Definition
| red slow oxidative muscle fibers |
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Term
| Slow oxidative muscles use _____ and are ___ fatigue. |
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Definition
| aerobic metabolism, resistant to |
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Term
| the types of scales that can be found in modern bony fish are _______. |
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Definition
| ganoid, ctenoid, cosmoid, and cycloid |
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Term
| Endochondral bone first appeared in ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| in amphibians the three major avenues for gas exchange are ___________. |
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Definition
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Term
| the two main requirements for a respiratory surface are _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| zygapophyses are parts of the ________ that serve to _____ in tetrapods. |
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Definition
| vertebrae, add support to the skeleton |
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Term
| the weberian apparatus serves to increase the sense of vibrations in ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| the invation of land by vertebrates followed after the invation of land by |
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Definition
| plants, bacteria, and insects |
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Term
| two major disadvantages of the transition to land were ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| it was very important for tetrapods to ________ (3) |
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Definition
increase the density of their skeleton to counteract gravity
increase the complexity of their skeletal muscle to be able to move their limbs through air.
change in anatomical structure of the heart to be able to pump blood against gravity |
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Term
| intermembranous ossification is the process responsible for the formation of ________ (3) |
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Definition
membranous bone
flat bones
dermal bones |
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Term
| lecithotrophy refers to the condition where ______ |
|
Definition
| the egg is retained inside the mother and the mother provides only gases and inorganic ions. |
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Term
| the extra-embryonic membranes are involved in which of the following functions |
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Definition
| repiration, protection, nourishment, excretion |
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Term
| which of the following do not have spiracles (4) |
|
Definition
holocephali
teleosts
amphibians
lungfish |
|
|
Term
| ovoiviparity is the term to describe ________ |
|
Definition
| eggs that hatch inside the mother and feed on the yolk and energy provided by the mother |
|
|
Term
| active fast endurance swimmers such as tunas have a larger percentage of __________ as compared to fast burst swimmers. |
|
Definition
| red slow oxidative muscle fibers |
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Term
| all vertebrates possess which extra-embryonic membrane. |
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Definition
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Term
| placoid scales are common in which group |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| extant sharks have which type of jaw attachment |
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Definition
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Term
| a common feature of extant sharks is mobility of the head skeleton which is called _________ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| sharks have an extremely developed sensory system which they use to detect. approach and attack prey. |
|
Definition
| chemoreception, mechanoreception, visual, electroception |
|
|
Term
| types of scales that can be found in modern bony fish are ___________ |
|
Definition
| ganoid, cosmoid, ctenoid, cycloid |
|
|
Term
| endochondral bone first appeared in __________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in amphibians the three major avenues for gas exchange are_______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the two main requirements for a respiratory surface are______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| zygapophyses are parts of the _________ that serve to _____ in tetrapods |
|
Definition
| vertebrae, add support to the skeleton |
|
|
Term
| the weberian apparatus serves to increase the sense of vibrations in ________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| animals that regulate their widely ranging body temperatures are called _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the three assumptions made when calculating basal metabolic rate (BMR)? |
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Definition
| animal is at rest, in their thermoneutral zone, and post-absorptive |
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Term
| two major disadvantages of the transition to land were _________ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| interamembranous ossification is the process responsible for the formation of _________ |
|
Definition
dermal bone
flat bone
membranous bone |
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Term
| all condrichthyes are viviparous |
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Definition
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Term
| skates differ from rays in that skates are all mesopelagic |
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Definition
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Term
| hypotremate elasmobranch refers to all sharks with terminal jaws. |
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Definition
| F (skates and rays do too) |
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Term
| benthic refers to bottom dwelling sharks |
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Definition
|
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Term
| anoxybathic refers to sharks adapted to low oxygen environments |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the mammalian lung is more efficient then the avian lung. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| all bony fish use cutaneous respiration |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the skin of fish is more permeable to water than mammals |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the skin of mammals is less permeable to oxygen then amphibians |
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Definition
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|
Term
| there is a greater restriction on size in aquatic environment as compared to a terrestrial environment |
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Definition
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|
Term
| all chondrichthyes are vivparous |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| skates differ from rays in that skates are all mesopelagic |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| hypotremate esasmobranch refers to all sharks with terminal jaws. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| anoxybathic refers to sharks adapted to low oxygen environments. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| benthic refers to botton dwelling sharks |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| all bony fish use cutaneous respiration |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the skin of fish is more permeable to water than mammals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the skin of mammals is less permeable to oxygen then amphibians |
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Definition
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|
Term
| there is a greater restriction on size in aquatic environment as compared to a terrestrial environment |
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Definition
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|
Term
| amphibians have lower overall blood pressure than birds |
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Definition
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|
Term
| opercular bones in amphibians are no longer fused to the pectoral girdle |
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Definition
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|
Term
| all homeotherms are endotherms |
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Definition
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|
Term
| all organisms that fluctuate their body temperature in response to environmental temperatures are ectotherms |
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Definition
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