Term
| Hypersegmented neutrophils |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Acute Lyphocytic Leukemia (ALL)
&
Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia (CML) |
|
|
Term
| Malignancy of B lymphocytes |
|
Definition
| Chronic lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stage B symptoms: fever, night sweats, weight loss, pruritis, fatigue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rouleaux formation (RBC stacked like coins) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| monoclonal spike on serum protein elecrophoresis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Fatty casts in urine
(oval fat body) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules |
|
Definition
| glomerulonephritis from DM |
|
|
Term
| Renal biopsy: IgA deposits with proliferation of the mesangium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Renal biopsy: linear pattern - consistent with antibodies against the basement membrane |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hematuria, oliguria, HTN, proteinuria, decreased GFR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| proteinuria >3.5, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nasal ulcers, sinusitis, hematuria, hemoptysis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| painless vaginal bleeding in pregnancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "pencil in cup" deformities of proximal phalanx on XR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tetrad: urethritis, conjunctivitis, oligoarthritis, mucosal ulcers |
|
Definition
Reactive arthritis
Reiter's syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Systemic Lupus erythematous (SLE) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| raised pink papules, distinct margins, silvery scales |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| spaghetti and meatballs on koh prep |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| janeway lesions, roth spots, oslers nodes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "bones, stones, abdominal groans, psychic moans, fatigue overtones" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hilar lymphadenopathy, ground glass appearance on xray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ring-enhancing lesions on brain MRI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "can't see, can't pee, can't climb a tree" |
|
Definition
| reactive arthritis AKA Reiter syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Most common organism in Croup |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common organism in Otitis Media |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common organism in Otitis externa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ash leaf spots, shagreen patches |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eczema or atopic dermatitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| joint stiffness with activity, joint warmth, uveitis |
|
Definition
| juvenile rheumatoid arthritis |
|
|
Term
newborn congenital infections
hint: TORCHES |
|
Definition
TORCHeS
T: toxoplasmosis
O: other (HIV, parvovirus B19)
R: rubella
C: cytomegalovirus (most common)
He: herpes simplex virus
S: syphilis |
|
|
Term
| Barlow and ortolani maneuvers |
|
Definition
| Developmental hip dysplasia in infants |
|
|
Term
| wide, fixed, split S2 in newborn |
|
Definition
| ASD (foramen ovale did not close) |
|
|
Term
| myosis, ptosis, anhydrosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| spongy gums, petechiae, bleeding mucous membranes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
SCFE
|
|
|
Term
| Harrison's groove, costochondral thickening, sternal protrusion, craniotabes |
|
Definition
| Vit D deficiency, ricketts |
|
|
Term
| cystic lesions, some calicified |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inflammation of meibomian glands |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tachypnea, staccato cough, bilateral patchy infiltrates on CXR, TM red & thickened, eosinophilia, increased immunoglobulin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sudden cardiac death in young athletes |
|
Definition
| hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
|
|
Term
| eunichoid body habitus, low testosterone, high estradiol, high urinary gonodotropin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jewish, limp, weak muscles, frog-like position, red eye |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| peripheral neuritis, decreased DTRs, loss of vibration sense |
|
Definition
| Vit B1 deficiency - Beriberi |
|
|
Term
| projectile vomiting in kids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| premature, mild ptosis, smooth upper lip, epicanthal folds, harsh murmur at midsternal border |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| jaundice, acute abd pain, ascites |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| infant, tachypnea, wheezing, chest retractions, rhinorrhea, low fever, no cyanosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Newborn: elevated direct biliruben |
|
Definition
| Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Newborn: elevated indirect biliruben |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| only dermis, bright red, orange peel quality |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dewdrops on rosepetals, lesions in multiple stages |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| symmetrical, proximal muscle weakness with rash |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| symmetric, proximal muscle weakness with NO rash |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hypoglycemia, hemi-hypertrophy, increased risk for Wilm's tumor, macroglossia, omphalocele |
|
Definition
| Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome |
|
|
Term
| gastrin-secreting tumor of the pancreas |
|
Definition
| Zollinger-Ellison syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spirohete by the ixodes tick |
|
|
Term
Disease of 10's:
10% bilateral, malignant, ectopic, recur, associated with MEN, in children, present w/ CVA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 P's - Pituitary adenomas, hyperParathyroidism, Pancreatic islet cell tumors |
|
Definition
| MEN 1 (Wermer's Syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| Medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytomas, hyperparthyroidism (4 gland hyperplasia) |
|
Definition
| MEN 2A (Sipple's Syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| Medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytomas, mucosal neuromas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| solitary cold solid thyroid nodule + HTN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common initial presenting symptom of MS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
hyperreflexia, hypertonicity, + babinski, paresis, clonus
Upper or lower motor neuron dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cullen's sign or Grey-Turner's sign |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
On admission: Age >55
WBC >16,000
Glucose >200 mg/dL
LDH >350
SGOT (AST) >250
@ 48 hrs: Fall in hematocrit >10%
Inc in BUN to >5 mg/dL
Calcium <8 mg/dL
PO2 <60 mmHg
Base deficit >4 mEq/L
Fluid sequestration >6L |
|
Definition
| Ranson's criteria (for acute pancreatitis) |
|
|
Term
| region for duodenal ulcer pain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pathogens of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in adults |
|
Definition
| Strep pneumoniae & haemophilus influenzae |
|
|
Term
| pathgens of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis in children |
|
Definition
| strep pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, M. catarrhalis |
|
|
Term
| constricted pupil but Peripheral sensory nervous system defect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
dilated pupil
PSNS or SNS problem? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
constricted pupil
PSNS or SNS problem? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Normal intraocular pressure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bilateral hemianopia (no peripheral vision) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Parkland formula used for what? |
|
Definition
| Fluid management in burns |
|
|
Term
4ml/kg/% TBSA burned
Give 1/2 over 1st 8 hrs from the time of burn, give 2nd half over next 16 hrs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. VSD
2. Overriding of the Aorta
3. Pulmonary stenosis
4. RV hypertrophy |
|
|
Term
| RUQ pain, fever, jaundice |
|
Definition
| Charcot's triad (ascending cholangitis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common congenital heart defect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hematuria, flank pain, palpable flank mass |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Palpable, painful mass behind testicle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fluid around the testis that transilluminates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fluid along the spermatic cord or along epididymus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Decreased von Willebrand's factor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Abdominal pain radiating to L shoulder
What sign? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
splenic rupture, renal calculi, ectopic prego
abd pain radiating to L shoulder |
|
|
Term
| abrupt cessation of inspiration on palpation of gallbladder - cholecystitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| atria contracting to eject any remaining blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| benign ovarian fibroma + ascites + R pleural effusion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| HypoTN, JVD, muffled heart sounds |
|
Definition
| Beck's triad - Cardiac tamponade |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cardiac dz associated with Marfan's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disease associated w/ bronchiectasis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| unilateral facial anhidrosis, ptosis, miosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "Prune Belly"- absent abdominal musculature, dilated urinary tract, renal dysplasia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Renal dysplasia associated with this dz |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| postmenopausal adnexal mass |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for premature birth, fetal maturity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| overweight, irregular menses, amenorrhea, increased blood sugar, hirsutism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| age when a child generally walks alone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when to introduce solid foods |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| spontaneous bloody, serous, cloudy nipple d/c |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| positive osmotic fragility test |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| EDC = LMP - 3mos + 7days + 1 yr |
|
|
Term
| pregnant, HA, visual disturbance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fishy odor, gray vag d/c, clue cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| child can say 3 words, feed self w/ spoon, builds tower of blocks at what age? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| soft, tender diffusely globular uterine enlargement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bacterial infxn caused by droppings of birds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adults - doxy
kids - azithro |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tumor that forms in the most superior apex of the lungs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pancoast tumor associated with this dz? |
|
Definition
| superior vena cava syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pathogen for acute bronchiolitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dilation of bronchi and destruction of bronchial walls |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hilar adenopathy, erythema nodosum, uveitis, fever, arthralgias |
|
Definition
| Lofgren's Syndrome (type of sarcoidosis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Risk factors: mining, sand blasting, stone work
What dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bronchoscopy: pink/purple central lesion that is well vascularized, pedunculated or sessile |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CXR: tram tracking or honeycombing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| apical or subapical cavitary infiltrates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Risks: high tech fields, aerospace, nuclear power, foundries
What dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| URI, dysphagia, drooling, muffled voice, stridor, tripod position |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| allergic shiners & nasal salute |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
hypercoagulability
stasis/stagnation of blood
local trauma to a vessel wall |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
day sxs: <2d/mos
night sxs: <2d/mos
exercise tolerance
FEV1 >80
what level of asthma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pathogen of hospital acquired pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Risks: insulation, demolition, construction
What dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hampton's jump or Westermarks sign on CXR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
day sxs: daily
night sxs: >1/wk
frequent exercise sxs
FEV1 60-80
what level asthma? |
|
Definition
| moderate persistant asthma |
|
|
Term
| fever, malaise, myalgia, HA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pneumocystis jiroveci
previously pneumocystis carinii (PCP) |
|
|
Term
| 1st line tx for pertussis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
day sxs: >2d/mos, <1x/d
night sxs: >2d/mos
exercise sxs
FEV1 >80
level of asthma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| flushing, diarrhea, wheezing, hypoTN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long after onset of sxs can tamiflu be given? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CXR: egg shell calcifications |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anticholinergic inhalers (ipratropium bromide)
2nd line: beta agonists |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| increased production of mucous by all exocrine glands |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Basilar skull fracture
Ecchymosis over the masoid process |
|
|
Term
1. JVD
2. Decreased/muffled heart sounds
3. decreased BP |
|
Definition
Beck's Triad
Cardiac Tamponade |
|
|
Term
1. mental status change
2. petechiae (axilla/thorax)
3. dyspnea |
|
Definition
Bergman's triad
Fat emboli syndrome |
|
|
Term
| R subscapular pain from Cholelithiasis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. emesis followed by retching
2. epigastric distention
3. inability to pass NG tube |
|
Definition
Borchardts triad
Gastric volvulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Fever
2. Jaundice
3. RUQ pain |
|
Definition
Charcot's triad
Cholangitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| twitching of facial muscles upon tapping the facial nerve |
|
Definition
Chvostek's sign
Hypocalcemia |
|
|
Term
| enlarged non-tender GB seen w/ obstruction of the common bile duct, common w/ pancreatic CA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bluish discoloration of the periumbilical area |
|
Definition
Cullen's sign
pancreatitis |
|
|
Term
1. HTN
2. bradycardia
3. irregular resps |
|
Definition
Cushing's triad
increased ICP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Empty RLQ in kids w/ ileocecal intussusception |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Used to differentiate btwn an intra-abdominal mass from abd wall - put tension on the musculature - if it is felt, then it is in the wall |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| eccymosis of inguinal ligament seen w/ retroperitoneal bleeding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Grey Turner's sign
Pancreatitis |
|
|
Term
| Crunching sound on auscultation of the heart from emphysematous mediastinum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Calf pain on forced dorsiflexion of the foot |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pain along inner apsect of the thigh, seen w/ obturator hernia as result of nerve compression |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Severe L shoulder pain in pts with splenic rupture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Visible peristalsis of the ureter in response to squeezing or retraction- used to find ureter in sx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| metastatic tumor of the ovary - usually from gastric CA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diverticulum around the ileocecal valve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pain upon internal rotation of the leg with the hip and knee flexed |
|
Definition
Obturator sign
Appendicitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. palpitations
2. HA
3. Episodic diaphoresis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pain elicited by extending the hip with the knee in full extension |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Racooon eyes
Basilar skull fracture |
|
|
Term
1. fever
2. jaundice
3. RUQ pain
4. mental status changes
5. shock/sepsis |
|
Definition
Reynold's pentad
Charcot's triad + 4 & 5
Suppurative Cholangitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| indirect hernia in the peds patient |
|
Definition
silk glove sign
sac feels like finger of a silk glove when rolled under finger |
|
|
Term
| Metastatic tumor to umbilical lymph nodes |
|
Definition
| Sister Mary Joseph's sign |
|
|
Term
| metastatic tumor to the L supraclavicular node |
|
Definition
Virchow's node
Gastric CA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Stasis
2. abnl endothelium
3. hypercoagulability |
|
Definition
Virchow's triad
risk factors for thrombosis |
|
|
Term
| carpal spasm after occlusion of the blood to the forearm w/ a BP cuff |
|
Definition
Trousseau's sign
Hypocalcemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| RLQ pain from perforated peptic ulcer d/t pus draining into RLQ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Decreased pulmonary vascular markings on CXR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Hypoglycemia (<50)
2. CNS and vasomotor sx (syncope, diaphoresis)
3. relief of sx w/ administration of glucose |
|
Definition
Whipple's triad
Insulinoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacterial overgrowth of intestine cause by stasis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antibody is elevated in primary biliary cirrhosis? |
|
Definition
| Antimitochondrial antibody |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thrombosis of hepatic veins |
|
|
Term
Bronchospasm
Flushing
Diarrhea
R-sided HF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| compartmental HTN caused by edema - leads to muscle necrosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Excessive cortisol production |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| delivery of large amts of hyperosmolar chyme into the small bowel - autonomic instability, abd pain and diarrhea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Perihepatic gonorrhea infxn |
|
Definition
| Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome |
|
|
Term
| GI polyps and associated findings of Sebacious cysts, Osteomas, and Desmoid tumors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Heparin induced platelet autoantibodies cause platelets to thrombose vessels - loss of limb/life |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Claudication of buttocks and thighs, Impotence, Atrophy of legs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Post-emesis tears in the gastric mucosa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chemical pneumonitis after aspiration of gastric contents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Extensive obstruction of the common hepatic bile duct from a gallstone in the GB or cystic duct |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Massive non-obstructive colonic dilatation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Benign GI polyps and buccal pigmentation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Esophageal web
2. iron-deficiency anemia
3. dysphagia
4. spoon-shaped nails
5. atrophic oral and tongue mucosa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rapid vancomycin infusion resulting in skin erythema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypophosphatemia after refeeding a starving patient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Syndrome of GI tract telangectasia/AV malformation |
|
Definition
| Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome (ROW) |
|
|
Term
| malnutrition resulting from <200 cm of viable small bowel |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Compression of the structures exiting from the thoracic outlet |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fever, hypoTN, organ failure & rash - desquamation of palms and soles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Syndrome of DVT w/ carcinoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Zollinger-Ellison syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC vessel associated with bleeding duodenal ulcers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Electrolyte deficiency that causes ileus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC site of distant mets from sarcoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MCC fever <48hrs after surgery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fascia surrounding the kidney |
|
|
Term
| Lymph nodes between the pec major and minor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Three sides of Hesselbach's triangle |
|
Definition
1. epigastric vessels
2. Inguinal ligament
3. lateral border or rectus sheath |
|
|
Term
| Artery responsible for anterior spinal syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Minimum UOP for an adult on IVF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: inability to look up, double vision, subQ emphysema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First step in treating a pt with an eye problem |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long can an eye patch be left on for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "Curtain being drawn over the eyes" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Retinal detachment will have an afferent or efferent pupillary defect? |
|
Definition
| Relative Afferent pupillary defect |
|
|
Term
| What position should you keep a pt in that has a retinal detachment? |
|
Definition
| Supine, head towards side of detachment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Irreversible central vision loss |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cherry-red spot on retina |
|
Definition
| Central retinal artery occlusion |
|
|
Term
| Sudden, painless, unilateral loss of vision |
|
Definition
| Central retinal artery occlusion |
|
|
Term
| "blood and thunder" retina |
|
Definition
| Central retinal vein occlusion |
|
|
Term
Insidious onset of decreased vision
Translucent, yellow discoloration of the lens |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Impediment to flow of aqueous humor thru the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of glaucoma is an emergency? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Steamy cornea, loss of vision, painful eye |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Defects in the peripheral visual field |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: acute pain and stiffness w/o weakness, + ESR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organism that causes cat scratch disease |
|
Definition
Bartonella species
R. henselae |
|
|
Term
| Tx for angle-closure glaucoma |
|
Definition
IV carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
topical BB
Osmotic diuresis |
|
|
Term
| Failure of the lacrimal duct to open in infants |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Red rimmed eyes, eyelashed adhere, conjunctiva clear, dandruff-like deposits and fibrous scales |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two most common causes for exdative effusions |
|
Definition
| lung Ca, pneumonia (infxn) |
|
|
Term
| what arrhythmia is found with MVP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for aggressive SLE such as lupus nephritis |
|
Definition
| IV pulsatile cyclophosphamide |
|
|
Term
| Internal hordeolum - which gland? |
|
Definition
| Infxn of the Meibomian gland |
|
|
Term
| External hordeolum - which gland? |
|
Definition
| Infxn of the glands of Moll or Zeis |
|
|
Term
| External hordeolum is AKA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Painless, indurated lesion of the eyelid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC organism of viral conjunctivitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Red conjunctiva, copious watery d/c, very contagious |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Red conjunctiva, copious purelent d/c, eyes "glued" shut in AM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Highly vascular, triangular mass that grows on the bulbar conjunctiva from the nasal side towards the cornea. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Transient vision loss, HA, tender temporal region, fever, malaise, increased ESR. |
|
Definition
| Temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritis) |
|
|
Term
| Tests used to dx strabismus (2) |
|
Definition
Corneal light reflex
Cover-uncover test |
|
|
Term
| Reduced visual acuity not correctable by refractive means |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lateralization to the affected ear on Weber test |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bone conduction > air conduction on Rinne test |
|
Definition
| Conductive hearing loss on that side |
|
|
Term
| Impairment of both air and bone conduction on Rinne test (but air will still be > than bone) |
|
Definition
| Sensorineural hearing loss on that side |
|
|
Term
MC type of sensorineural hearing loss
Occurs with age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acquired chronic hearing loss, tinnitus, dizziness, vertigo that has recurrent attacks. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for Meniere's dz - distention of the endolyphatic compartment of the inner ear |
|
Definition
| Diuretics, salt restriction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC organisms of otitis media (3) |
|
Definition
| Strep pneumonia, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis |
|
|
Term
| Inadequate tx of otitis media causes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx of otitis media - 1st line |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx of otitis media w/ PCN allergy |
|
Definition
| erythromycin or clarithromycin |
|
|
Term
| MC organism of otitis externa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ear pain, tender auricle and tragus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sensation of movement, vertical nystagmus, non-fatigable nystagmus, slow onset |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sudde onset sensation of movement, N/V, tinnitus, horizontal, fatigable nystagmus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hallpike or Nylen Barany maneuvers |
|
Definition
To Dx vertigo
more likely to be + with peripheral vertigo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Meclizine, promethazine, dymenhydrinate |
|
|
Term
| MC organisms for sinusitis (3) |
|
Definition
Strep pneumonia, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis
Same as otitis Media! |
|
|
Term
| How long do you treat sinusitis for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Allergic rhinitis is mediated by what immunoglobulin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: 6 y/o with fever, chills, sore throat, coryza, malaise, woke up with a fiery red facial eruption with circumoral pallor and red macules on buccal mucosa and palate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pale, boggy, bluish nasal mucosa, nasal crease, shiners |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stuffiness, rhinorrhea, and boggy nasal mucosa |
|
Definition
Vasomotor rhinitis
No rhinorrhea in allergic rhinitis |
|
|
Term
| Fever >38C, tender anterior cervical lymphadenopathy, no cough, pharyngeal exudates |
|
Definition
| Group A B-hemolytic strep pharyngitis |
|
|
Term
| Complication of untreated Strep pharyngitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| painless, white areas in the mouth, cannot be scraped off |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Burning pain in mouth, white areas that can be scraped off leaving a raw red area underneath |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC organisms of epiglottitis (3) |
|
Definition
| H. influenzae b, group A strep, pneumococci |
|
|
Term
| Sx: abrupt high fever, drooling, sore throat, difficulty swallowing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which electrolyte imbalance?
Sx: decreased DTRs, peaked T waves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"C BIG K Drop"
Calcium, Bicarb, Insulin, Glucose, Kayexalate, Diuretics/dialysis |
|
|
Term
| Nebulizer tx used to lower K+ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which electrolyte imbalance?
weakness, tetany, N/V, ileus, flattened T waves, U waves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which electrolyte imbalance exacerbates dig toxicity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What electrolyte deficiency can cause hypokalemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which electrolyte imbalance?
Sx: seizures, confusion, stupor, edema, tremors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How much can you decrease Na+/day? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What will occur if you lower Na+ too fast? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens if you increase Na+ too fast? |
|
Definition
| Central pontine myelinolysis |
|
|
Term
| Sx: confusion, spastic quadriplegia, horizontal gaze paralysis |
|
Definition
| Central pontine myelinoysis |
|
|
Term
| "Stones, bones, abdominal groans and psychiatric overtones" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
NS + loop diuretics
OR
steroids, calcitonin, bisphosphonates, dialysis |
|
|
Term
| Corrected calcium equation |
|
Definition
(4 - albumin level) x 0.8
+
measured Ca- level |
|
|
Term
| If Ca is low, what is the other lab abnormality you should look for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which electrolyte imbalance?
Sx: perioral paraesthesia, increased DTRs, confusion, abd cramps, laryngospasm, stridor, seizures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complication of IV Calcium if it infiltrates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which lab is used to check Ca levels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC pathogen of bacterial pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Currant Jelly sputum
What pathogen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Rust colored sputum
What pathogen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Alcoholic pneumonia
What pathogen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
COPD pneumonia
What pathogen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cystic fibrosis pneumonia
What pathogen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pneumonia of young adults, college setting
What pathogen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pneumonia from air conditioning/aersolized water
What pathogen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC pathogen that causes pneumonia in leukemia/lymphomas? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC pathogen of pneumonia in children <1 yr |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC pathogen of pneumonia in children >2 yr |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC pathogen of atypical CAP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| staph aureus, gram-neg bacilli, pseudomonas (in ICUs) |
|
|
Term
| MC pathogen for pneumonia in HIV |
|
Definition
| Pneumocystis jiroveci (formerly P. carinii) |
|
|
Term
| Abx of choice for pneumonia in HIV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are ppl with latent TB infxns considered to be infectious? |
|
Definition
| No, and cannot spread the dz |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
|
|
Term
| CXR: homogenous infiltrates, hilar lymph node enlargement, segmental atelectasis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Screening test for congenital hypthyroidism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Biopsy: caseating granulomas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ghon complexes and Ranke complexes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC pathogen of acute bronchitis (3) |
|
Definition
| rhinovirus, coronavirus, RSV |
|
|
Term
| Sx: cough, dyspnea, fever, HA, sore throat, rhonci, wheezes, negative CXR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC pathogen of acute bronchiolitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx of acute bronchiolitis if RSV is present. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of lung CA is most amenable to surgery? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of lung CA is most aggressive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Solitary pulmonary nodule |
|
|
Term
1.Flushing
2. Diarrhea
3. Wheezing
4. HypoTN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pink/purple central lesion on bronchoscopy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chronic inflammation leading to airway narrowing and increased mucous production |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. wheeze
2. eczema
3. seasonal rhinitis |
|
Definition
atopic triad of asthma
Strongest predisposing factors to asthma |
|
|
Term
| Factor deficiency in hemophilia A |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which coag study is increased in hemphilia A? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Factor deficiency in hemophilia B |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What condition causes over 1/2 of all bronchiectasis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dilated, tortuous airways on CT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Step 1 tx for intermittent asthma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Step 2 management after SABA PRN for asthma. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Step 3 management for asthma when low-dose ICS is not enough. |
|
Definition
Low-dose ICS + LABA
OR
Medium dose ICS |
|
|
Term
| Step 4 asthma management after Low-dose ICS + LABA is not enough. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Step 5 asthma management after Med-dose ICS + LABA is not enough. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Step 6 in asthma management after High-dose ICS + LABA is not enough. |
|
Definition
| High-dose ICS + LABA + oral corticosteroid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Emphysema predominant COPD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bronchitis predominant COPD |
|
|
Term
| Enlarged air spaces and destruction of alveolar septae. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chronic cough -produtive of phlegm occuring on most days for 3 months |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx of choice for COPD attack |
|
Definition
anticholinergic inhalers (ipatropium, tiotropium)
better than B-adrenergic agonists |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CXR: hyperinflation, peribronchial cuffing, mucous plugging, bronchiectasis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
increased or Nl FEV1/FVC ratio
Restrictive or obstructive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Decreased FEV1/FVC ratio
Restrictive or obstructive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Coal mining occupation leads to what lung dz? |
|
Definition
| coal worker's pneumoconiosis |
|
|
Term
| Is FEV1/FVC ratio increased or decreased in pneumoconioses? |
|
Definition
increased or nl
=
restrictive dysfunction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC respiratory disease in preterm infants |
|
Definition
Hyaline membrane dz
Deficiency of surfactant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Idiopathic fibrosing insterstitial pneumonia
AKA
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis |
|
|
Term
| If a pt has positive orthostatic HTN and an increase in HR >15 bpm what is the cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Increased BP + papilledema and encephaloopathy or nephropathy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| EKG findings: Deep S waves in V1 and V2, tall R waves in V5 & 6. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx of choice for HTN in diabetic pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: JVD, hepatic congestion, nausea, pitting edema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of HF has a S4 gallop? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which acid base disturbance is known to have hypokalemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tachycardia out of proportion to fever. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ST depression, flattened or inverted T waves |
|
|
Term
EKG changes in II, III, avF
What location of damage in the heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
EKG changes in V1 & V2
What location of damage in the heart? |
|
Definition
| Posterior or anteroseptal |
|
|
Term
EKG changes in V1, V2, V3
What location of damage in the heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
EKG changes in V4, V5, V6
What location of damage in the heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: pericarditis, fever, leukocytosis, pericardial or pleural effusions that occur 1-2 wks after an MI |
|
Definition
| Dressler's syndrome (post-MI syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| Cardiac enzyme that stays elevated the longest. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| TIMI and GRACE are used to stratify risks for what dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: hyperpigmentation, hypoTN, salt craving, weight loss |
|
Definition
Addison's dz (primary adrenal insufficiency)
Secondary does NOT cause hyperpigmentation |
|
|
Term
| What type of congenital heart dzs have R-to-L shunts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complete transposition of the aorta and pulmonary artery. |
|
Definition
| Transposition of the great vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Continuous (machinery) murmur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A difference in arterial pulses in UE and LE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which valve disorder?
Sx: thready Carotid pulses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which valve disorder?
Sx: widened pulse pressure |
|
Definition
| Aortic insufficiency (regurg) |
|
|
Term
| Midsystolic murmur radiating to neck and LSB, with a loud thrill |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diastolic decrescendo murmur that radiates to apex and RSB |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diastolic murmur with an opening snap after S2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pansystolic blowing murmur that radiates to the axilla |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Holosystolic blowing murmur that radiates to the xiphoid area |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Midsystolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur that radiates to the L shoulder and neck. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class II antiarrhythmic drugs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class IV Antiarrhythmic drugs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class I Antiarrhythmic drugs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx of choice for PSVT (2) |
|
Definition
| IV verapamil or IV adenosine |
|
|
Term
| 3 or more consecutive premature ventricular beats |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC arrhythmia with hypokalemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: recurrent syncope, QT interval 0.6 secs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| No P wave or inverted P wave = what type of rhythm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abd XR: eggshell calcifications |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for Torsades de pointes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of dysrhythmia has a compensatory pause that allows the heart to reset? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which class of medications is known for a SE of angioedema? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Apical L ventricular ballooning with Sx indistinguishable from an MI. |
|
Definition
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
-occurs after major catecholamine discharge |
|
|
Term
| Bisferiens carotid pulse + jugular venous pulsations with a prominent "a" wave. |
|
Definition
| Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
|
|
Term
| Chest pain that radiates to the L trapezial ridge. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
ST segment/T wave amp = > 0.25 sec in lead I, V5, V6
What disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pleuritic substernal radiating CP relieved by sitting upright and leaning forward. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tachycardia, narrow pulse pressure, pulsus paradoxus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Electrical alternans on EKG |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC organism of infective endocarditis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which valve is typically involved with IV drug users with infective endocarditis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Osler nodes & Janeway lesions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: palatal, conjunctival subungal petechia, splinter hemorrhages, Roth spots |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Duke criteria are used for what dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What abx is used for prophylaxis during dental work in pts with a hx of infective endocarditis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
EKG: different shaped P waves
What arrhythmia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx of multifocal atrial tach |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Systemic immune response 2-3 wks after a B-hemolytic strep pharyngitis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Valve most commonly involved in rheumatic valve disease. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: carditis, subQ nodules, chorea, fever, polyarthralgias, prolongation of PR interval |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jones criteria used for what dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lower leg pain with exercise relieved by rest. |
|
Definition
| Intermittend claudication |
|
|
Term
| Iliac artery disease + erectile dysfunction. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx of choice for peripheral artery dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: lower extremity skin is thin, atrophic and darkly pigmented, LE edema and pain |
|
Definition
| Chronic venous insufficiency |
|
|
Term
| What condition is associated with polymyalgia rheumatica? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: HA, jaw claudication, throat pain, visual disturbances |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for giant cell arteritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anemias w/ a MCV >125 are almost always ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Macrocytic anemia with nl retics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Normocytic anemia with nl retics and nl bone marrow. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Microcytic anemia w/ nl iron. (4) |
|
Definition
Anemia of chronic dz
Thalassemia
sideroblastic anemia
Hemoglobinopathies |
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Term
| Sx: Pica, fatigue, pallor, tachycardia |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: Hct <25%, brittle nails, cheilosis, smooth tongue, esophageal webs |
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Definition
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Term
| Microcytosis out of proportion to the degree of anemia |
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Definition
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Term
| what occurs when all 4 chains are deleted in alpha-Thalassemia? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Dx of Thalassemias - what test? |
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Definition
| Hemoglobin electrophoresis |
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Term
| Target cells, basophilic stippling |
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Definition
| B-thalassemias - major and minor |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Prussian blue staining of bone marrow cells shows ringed sideroblasts. |
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Definition
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Term
| Basophilic stippling of cells |
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Definition
Lead poisoning
and
B-thalassemias |
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Term
| Sx: Pancytopenia, pallor, petechiae, fatigue, weakness |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: glossitis, GI sx, no neuro sx, howell-jolly bodies |
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Definition
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Term
| Hypersegmented polymorphonuclear cells |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: glossitis, pale icterus, GI sx, stocking-glove parasthesias, loss of position, fine touch and vibratory sensation |
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Definition
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Term
| Anisocytosis, pokilocytosis, macro-ovalcytosis, hypersegmented neutrophils |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Infxn w/ parvovirus B19 can lead to what kind of anemia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Elevated retic count in presence of falling hematocrit |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: jaundice, gallstones, pallor, Hct 28% |
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Definition
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Term
| what type of anemia is sickle cell anemia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Peripheral smear: target cells, nucleated RBCs, Howell-Jolly bodies, sickled cells |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of anemia is G6PD? |
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Definition
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Term
| THis anemia has episodic hemolysis and no splenomegaly. |
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Definition
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Term
| Peripheral smear: Bite cells, Heinz bodies |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: splenomegaly, nl O2 sats, elevated red cell mass, blurred vision, burning pain in extremities, Pruritis after bathing |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: fatigue, abrupt fever, HA, bone pain worst in the sternum, tibia and femur |
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Definition
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Term
| Pancytopenia with circulating blasts >20% |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| CLL is a malignancy of ___ lymphocytes. |
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Definition
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Term
| >30% blasts in the bone marrow |
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Definition
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Term
| Isolated lymphocytes with a leukocytosis of >20,000cell/mL |
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Definition
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Term
| Leukocytosis w/ a median WBC count of 150,000 cells/mL + philadelphia chromosome |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Which medication can commonly cause a thrombocytopenia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: anemia, schistocytes, Purpura, petechiae, pallor, neuro sx |
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Definition
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Term
| PID Sx + RUQ pain & jaundice |
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Definition
| Fitz-Hugh Curtis Syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| MC cause of fever post op |
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Definition
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Term
| Bacterial overgrowth of the small intestine |
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Definition
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Term
| Delivery of hyperosmotic chyme to the small intestine causing massive fluid shifts into the bowel. |
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Definition
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Term
| Tachycardia and hypoTN refractory to IVF and pressors |
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Definition
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Term
| What test do you do before inserting an aterial line? |
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Definition
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Term
| most common nosocomial infxn |
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Definition
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Term
| pseudomembranous colitis pathogen |
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Definition
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Term
| abd pain out of proportion to exam |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Most pancreatic CA in the head, body, or tail? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Palpable, distended, nontender GB |
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Definition
Courvoisier's sign
Pancreatic CA |
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Term
| Tx for CA in the head of the pancreas |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| S3 & S4 = what type of heart problem? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: tremor worse with movement & only in the UEs |
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Definition
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Term
| 1st choice HTN medication for diabetics |
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Definition
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Term
| Chronic sinusitis imaging of choice |
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Definition
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Term
1st line tx for acute gout |
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Definition
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Term
· Most sensitive lab test to dx herpes
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Definition
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Term
· Tx for preventing Wernike’s encephalopathy
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Definition
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Term
· Negative birefringent crystals
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Definition
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Term
· Sx: corn for diet, glossitis, pigmented dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea
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Definition
| Niacin (Vit B3 deficiency) – Pellagra |
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Term
· Sx: stroke before age 55, systolic ejection murmur in 2nd and 3rd interspaces parasternally |
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Definition
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Term
· Sx: low grade fever, coryza, bright red cheeks, confluent plaques over malar region of the face and over the extensor surfaces |
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Definition
| Parvovirus B19 (Fifth Disease) |
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Term
· Low probability of PE – what lab test? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
· What is needed for dx of developmental hip dysplasia |
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Definition
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Term
· Pathogen for infective endocarditis (2) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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· College student with pneumonia – what pathogen? |
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Definition
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Term
· Painless mass that cannot be separated from the testicle |
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Definition
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Term
· Initial tx of acute angle closure glaucoma |
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Definition
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Term
· What class of drugs is commonly used for tx of preterm labor |
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Definition
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Term
· Abx tx for Mycoplasma pneumonia |
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Definition
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Term
· Lab test to distinguish btwn seizures and pseudoseizures
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Definition
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Term
· Sx: poor wound healing, moon facies, buffalo hump, central obesity, hirsuitism, amenorrhea |
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Definition
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Term
· MCC of transudative pleural effusion |
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Definition
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Term
· Initial tx for status epilepticus
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Definition
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Term
· Sx: delusions, hallucinations, flattened affect, disorganized speech, poor hygiene, NO impairment in social or occupational functioning, sx last 1-6 months |
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Definition
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Term
· Sx: social and occupational impairment, delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, bizarre behavior lasting >6 mos
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Definition
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Term
· Sx: manic, depressed, or both plus psychotic symptoms
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Definition
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Term
· Sx: Sudden onset of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech or bizarre behavior, at least 1 day, < 1 month |
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Definition
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Term
· Ptosis, miosis, anhydrosis |
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Definition
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Term
· Horner’s syndrome is a dysfunction of what part of the nervous system? |
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Definition
| cranial sympathetic nervous system |
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Term
| Sx: 1 mo hx of thigh pain w/ weight bearing, exam nl, XR showes posterior and medial displacement of femoral head |
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Definition
| Slippled Capial femoral epiphysis - SCFE |
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Term
| Avascular necrosis of the hip in children small for their age w/ retarted bone growth |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: male, adolescent athlete, painful swelling over tibial tubercle |
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Definition
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Term
| HTN before 20th wk of pregnancy |
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Definition
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Term
| HTN after 20th wk of pregnancy |
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Definition
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Term
| Phentolamine - What class of medication? |
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Definition
| Nonselective a-adrenergic antagonist |
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Term
Disopyramide
- What class of medication? |
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Definition
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Term
| Isuprel - what class of medication? |
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Definition
| sympathomimetic beta adrenergic agonist |
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Term
| How often should retinal screening be done for diabetic pts? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: absent breath sounds, increased tactile fremitus and egophony |
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Definition
| Increased density in lungs - ie. Pneumonia |
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Term
| Which laboratory test should be followed in patients treated with atypical antidepressants? |
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Definition
| FBS - for development of diabetes |
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Term
| HIV infection with a CD 4 lymphocyte count under 200 cells/mcL |
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Definition
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Term
Mycobacterium avium complex with or without evidence of HIV infxn
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Definition
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Term
What medication helps reduce many symptoms associated with Parkinsonism, including bradykinesia.
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Definition
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Term
What 2 medications is useful in
treating the behavioral aspects of Parkinsonism? |
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Definition
Clozapine (Clozaril)
Risperidone (Risperdal) |
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Term
| What medicatin is useful in the treatment of tremor and rigidity, and less effective on bradykinesia in parkinson's patients? |
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Definition
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Term
An increase in the concentration of _________ in cervicovaginal secretions is found with preterm labor. A
preterm rise in the concentration may be associated with an increase likelihood of birth between 22 and 34
weeks of gestation and birth within 7-14 days of the test |
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Definition
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Term
| Cobb angle >60 degrees should undergo what testing? |
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Definition
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Term
| What angle of Cobb measurement can be managed by observation alone? |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx for eosinophilic esophagitis |
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Definition
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Term
| treatment of choice for a patient with candidal esophagitis. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Tx of oropharyngeal candidiasis |
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Definition
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Term
| single most important prognostic factor in regard to melanoma |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: pulse pressure is wide, and diastolic pressure is low. A continuous, rough, machinery murmur, accentuated in late systole at the time of S2 is heard best in the left first and second interspaces at the left sternal border. Thrills are common |
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Definition
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Term
| treatment of choice for Paget disease of the bone (osteitis deformans |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| most common extra-pulmonary finding in a patient with sarcoidosis? |
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Definition
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Term
Sx:
Hypertension, hematuria, and dependent edema |
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Definition
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Term
Sx:
Heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema |
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Definition
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Term
clinical constellation of glomerulonephritis and pulmonary
hemorrhage |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Vasopressin challenge test |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: slowly growing nodule on the side of the nose with a small central area of erosion. No pain, fever, chills, pruritus or other similar lesions. On physical exam the lesion is
approximately 1 cm as described above, with a few telangiectatasias |
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Definition
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Term
| Carpal tunnel syndrome involves which nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: pain over the brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, and extensor carpi radialis brevis muscles. On examination, pain with resisted forearm supination and when simultaneously extending the wrist and fingers
while the long finger is passively flexed
What nerve is being compressed? |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: numbness and tingling of the 4th and 5th digits
What Nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
What
types of kidney stones occur secondary to infections due to urease-producing bacteria? |
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Definition
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Term
| Gray membrane covering the tonsils and pharynx |
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Definition
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Term
What artery is responsible for inferior wall of the heart
on EKG in leads II, III, aVF? |
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Definition
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Term
| The anterior wall of the heart is supplied by what artery? |
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Definition
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Term
| Grouped vesicles around the vermillion border |
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Definition
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Term
Sx:
painful vesicles about the tonsillar fauces. |
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Definition
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Term
| Erythema and pustular exudates of the tonsillar crypts |
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Definition
| Group A B-hemolytic strep infxn |
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Term
| Scattered vesicles of the buccal mucosa and fingers |
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Definition
| Coxsackie virus A16 (Hand, Foot & Mouth) |
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Term
Positive Romberg test and loss of vibratory sensation in his lower extremities – where is the lesion?
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Definition
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Term
PFT abnormalities in COPD
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Definition
Decreased FEV1, decreased FEV1/FVC ratio
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Term
Sx: acute right knee pain with associated dysuria, urgency, and body aches, unprotected sex 2 wks ago – what organism? |
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Definition
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Term
Tx of hyperthyroidism in pregnant females |
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Definition
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Term
35 year-old, non-smoker diagnosed with emphysema should be screened for?
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Definition
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency |
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Term
preventative medication for migraine headaches
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Definition
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Term
MC electrolyte abnormality with bulimia nervosa |
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Definition
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Term
Dominant hemoglobin found in sickle cell anemia
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Definition
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Term
Tx for acute viral pericarditis
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Definition
NSAIDS - ie. Indomethacin
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Term
Deviation in fundal height measurement should be evaluated by |
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Definition
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Term
ulcerated areas of cartilage, bone eburnation,and the development of osteophytes.
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Definition
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Term
defective bone and cartilage mineralization in children and defective bone mineralization in adults. |
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Definition
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Term
characterized by fractures secondary to low bone density which occurs from bone remodeling. |
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Definition
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Term
characterized by traumatic causes and nontraumatic causes. Traumatic causes include a direct injury to the blood supply from a hip fracture or subcapital femoral neck fracture while nontraumatic causes include alcohol and corticosteroid use as well as idiopathic causes that lead to necrosis of the bone.
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Definition
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Term
1st line Tx of splashes in the eyes with an ammonia-based household cleaner.
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Definition
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Term
What med is indicated in close contacts of patients with Hepatitis A who have not previously had the disease or been immunized against it? |
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Definition
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Term
Young, otherwise healthy patient with a recent viral syndrome followed by acute, sharp, focal chest pain not worsened by chest wall palpation |
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Definition
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Term
characterized by pallor and cheilosis and is commonly associated with menorrhagia. The peripheral smear will demonstrate hypochromic microcytic anemia and few target cells. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Sx: smoker + new onset hematuria – what imaging?
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Definition
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Term
which population is the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Pneumovax) indicated for a patient younger than 65 years of age? |
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Definition
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Term
an abrupt loss of memory of one or more personal experiences. These experiences are often physically or emotionally traumatic events |
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Definition
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Term
patient has two or more distinct personality states with at least two of these identities recurrently taking control of the person's behavior |
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Definition
Dissociative identity d/o
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Term
an abrupt loss of memory regarding personality identify, usually occurring after or during an emotional conflict or trauma. Patients often wander far from home. |
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Definition
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Term
the persistent or recurrent feeling of detachment or estrangement from one's own self
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Definition
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Term
Which medications prevents LV dilation and the onset of HF and prolongs survival after an MI |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: abdominal pain and nausea and vomiting. Significant hypertriglyceridemia, Transient hyperglycemia |
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Definition
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Term
After delivery of the child, what does it mean when the Uterus is higher and more globular in abdomen?
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Definition
Delivery of the placenta is near
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Term
Sx: persistent low back pain, fatigue, and morning stiffness which are relieved with exercise, intermittent decreased vision and photophobia in his right eye. A lumbar spine series reveals squaring of the vertebral bodies with normal disc space |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: fever and synovitis of four or more joints. |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: abrupt onset of facial weakness and mild disturbance of taste. Examination findings include a loss of forehead markings on right, Ipsilateral restriction of eye closure
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Sx: 8 week history of dry cough, fatigue and numerous macular-papular lesions on the face, and enlarged, nontender lymph nodes in the neck. denies fever, chills or hemoptysis. Lab tests reveal a normal CBC but her serum ACE level is three times the upper limit of normal. chest radiograph reveals bilateral, hilar adenopathy but is otherwise clear |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: 16 year-old athlete with no past medical history collapses after running 50 yards down the field. He is unresponsive, pulseless and cyanotic |
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Definition
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
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Term
Sx: rhinorrhea, nasal pruritis and paroxysms of sneezing. no facial pressure or fullness. Pale boggy nasal mucosa is noted on physical examination |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Intranasal steroid (Flonase) |
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Term
Sx: recurring paroxysms of abdominal pain, vomiting and bloody diarrhea in an infant |
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Definition
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Term
What is used for both diagnosis and tx of intussesception? |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: child over 5 years presents with dysphagia, retrosternal pain and slow eating. Esophageal manometry is increased |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: week-old infant has projectile vomiting described as breast milk without bile or blood. The abdomen is distended before vomiting and a small, mid-epigastric mass is palpable after vomiting
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Definition
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Term
Diagnostic study for pyloric stenosis
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Definition
Upper GI contrast radiographs
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Term
Sx: several day duration of flu-like syndrome, several small tender ulcers on vulva and an inability to void. Tender lymphadenopathy in the groin |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: 5 days status-post myocardial infarction is evaluated for anterior chest pain. The pain improves with sitting up. The patient has associated fever, leukocytosis and a pericardial friction rub
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Definition
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Term
definitive treatment of severe obstructive sleep apnea |
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Definition
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Term
increases risk of developing prostate cancer
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Definition
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Term
initial management of spinal stenosis
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Definition
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Term
How would you expect the skin to appear in a pt with Addison’s disease? |
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Definition
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Term
Diagnostic test of choice for esophageal neoplasm |
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Definition
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Term
Tx for unstable atrial fibrillation
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Definition
Synchronized cardioversion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Sx: 1 week history of intermittent left orbital headache. He states that his episodes occur at night and last approximately 1 hour. Examination reveals ptosis, miosis and dyshidrosis, nasal lacrimation |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: presents with nocturnal pain, erythema, swelling and severe tenderness in one joint. The first MTP joint is the most commonly affected, but joints in the foot, ankle, and even knee are susceptible. Alcohol and rich foods often precipitate attacks. |
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Definition
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Term
Rat-bite formation on plain film
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Definition
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Term
Sx: month history of spastic paresis in his legs. Today, he has experienced diplopia on lateral gaze and scotoma in his right eye. Examination reveals decreased visual acuity of the right eye
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Definition
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Term
Sx: Dull to percussion with decreased tactile fremitus |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: history of drug problems and multiple arrests. He has had many jobs in the past, but does not keep them long, due to repetitive fights at work. He has a long history of violating and disregarding the rights of others.
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Definition
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Term
Sx: personality disorder where the pts feel that they are special but are very insecure about themselves. They have a great need for admiration and have a sense of entitlement |
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Definition
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Term
Goal B/P for diabetic patients |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Topical mupirocin then oral cephalosporin
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Tx for small cell lung CA |
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Definition
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Term
fracture of the proximal third of the ulnar diaphysis with anterior angulation or anterior dislocation of the radial head
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Definition
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Term
isolated fracture of the ulna with nondisplacement or minimal displacement, most commonly from a direct blow to the ulna |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
dorsally angulated fracture of the distal radius |
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Definition
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Term
Electrolyte to screen for in MEN I
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Definition
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Term
Test used to dx strabismus
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Definition
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Term
Sx: dry eyes and difficulty with night vision. Examination reveals numerous, small white conjunctival patches bilaterally. |
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Definition
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Term
Cardiovascular manifestation typically associated with rheumatic fever |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: fever of 102.5 F and a rash. After 36 hours the rash has rapidly progressed to enlarging macules that appear ring orcrescent shaped with central clearing. He also complains of multiple arthralgias involving his ankles, knees, and now his elbows. The electrocardiogram shows evidence of a first degree AV block |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Sx: headache, fever, and faint macular eruptions on the ankles and wrists several days after returning from a vacation in North Carolina |
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Definition
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Term
Tx for Rocky Mt spotted fever |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: 35 year-old male status-post patent ductus arteriosus repair at 5 years of age, presents with low-grade fever, fatigue and dyspnea worsening over the past 10 days. Prior to the onset of these symptoms, he was healthy and free of any complaints. Examination is significant for petechiae on the palate, a high pitched holo-systolic murmur heard best at the apex, and splinter hemorrhages on both hands under his fingernails. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
What lab tests should be monitored in pts with TB?
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Definition
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Term
1st degree relative with colon CA – when do you start colonoscopies for this patient?
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Definition
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Term
Sx: characterized by destruction of the bone secondary to an infectious organism, most commonly Staphyloccocus aureus in the metaphysis of long bones. Males are affected more frequently than females and present with increasing pain and disuse of the affected limb. Radiologic findings include soft tissue swelling, narrowing or widening of the joint space, bone destruction, and periosteal reaction |
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Definition
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Term
Diagnostic study for osteomyelitis
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Definition
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Term
Organism in osteomyelitis
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Definition
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Term
Sx: glycolipid storage disease that can affect the bone marrow and present similarly to acute osteomyelitis. These patients also have numerous other symptoms that begin in early childhood to late adulthood such as bruising from anemia, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and occasionally lung involvement.
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Definition
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Term
Sx: presents similarly to acute osteomyelitis, however, small round cells are seen microscopically
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Definition
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Term
What is required for the initiation and maintenance of the menstrual cycle? |
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Definition
Pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Intra-articular injection of corticosteroid |
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Term
Sx: Hx of COPD, Sx of peripheral edema, jugular venous distention, epigastric pulsations, and tender hepatomegaly. You auscultate a systolic ejection murmur. Echocardiogram reveals a dilated right ventricle with decreased ejection fraction and a normal appearing left ventricle
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Definition
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Term
positive Murphy's sign. It is associated with meals high in fat.
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Definition
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Term
Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) guidelines, dialysis should be started in a nondiabetic patient when the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) reaches __ mL/min or less, or when serum creatinine rises to __ mg/dL
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Definition
|
|
Term
Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) guidelines, dialysis should be started in a diabetic patient when the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) reaches 10 mL/min or less, or when serum creatinine rises to __ mg/dL
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo and aural fullness
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
most common form of sensorineural hearing loss in elderly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
complication of recurrent otitis externa. May present with aural fullness and mixed hearing loss
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
most common form of conductive hearing loss and may present with aural fullness or pressure, vertigo and otalgia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: Hx of diabetes, Sx of hyperpigmentation in areas of non-sunexposed skin, as well as sun-exposed areas. This effect is particularly clear in areas of skin creasing such as knuckles, elbows, and posterior neck, intermittent nausea with occasional vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain worsening over the past six months, irritable, anxious, amennhorea
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Dementia similar to Alzheimer's and is characterized by hallucinations, parkinsonian features, and extrapyramidal signs – thought blocking, hallucinations, deficits in memory
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: daily productive cough for three consecutive months for at least two consecutive years. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: bouts of bronchitis 5-6 times yearly, denies fevers, weight loss or hemoptysis. Worked the past 30 years as a sandblaster. Chest radiograph reveals "egg-shell" calcification of the hilar lymph nodes and numerous ground-glass densities throughout both lung fields
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Is silicosis a restrictive or obstructive lung dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
powerful prognostic marker that adds to clinical assessment in differentiating dyspnea due to heart failure from non-cardiac causes.
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: 17 year-old college student is brought to the emergency department with a 10 hour history of fever, headache and increasing listlessness. Examination is significant for a temperature of 103 F, nuchal rigidity and a petechial rash on the trunk and extremities.
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Antipsychotic med that has a risk of agranulocytosis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: Hx of schizoaffective d/o, fever, chills, rigors, WBC 200
|
|
Definition
Agranulocytosis – probably caused by clozapine
|
|
|
Term
Sx: progressive distal-to-proximal upper and lower extremity weakness over the past 24 hours. Examination reveals no muscular atrophy, but absent patellar and biceps reflexes. Sensory examination over the same area is intact
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: history of alcohol abuse presents complaining of nodular thickening of the palmar aspect of the left hand. Examination reveals flexion of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Tx of Dupuytren contractures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: grouped, vesicular eruption along the T5 dermatome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Diagnostic test of choice for pericardial tamponade |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
vertigo that occurs with positional change and is of short duration (less than 1 minute). |
|
Definition
Benign positional vertigo
|
|
|
Term
Sx: sudden onset of vertigo, nausea and vomiting in the absence of auditory or focal neurologic abnormalities. The symptoms may persist for several days and often follows an acute viral illness.
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What injury occurs with deceleration and rotational injury while running, cutting or jumping. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Test for meniscal injuries
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Test to determine MCL injuries
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
46 year-old patient with a past medical history of a prolactinoma and parathyroid adenoma is brought to the ED at 6:45 AM by a family member who found her to be diaphoretic and confused. Initial laboratory studies are normal except for a fasting blood glucose of 35 mg/dL. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: patients who live or travel to endemic areas. Classic presentation includes intermittent attacks of chills, fever and sweating. Patients can also experience flu-like symptoms, headache, myalgias and/or nausea and vomiting.
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What medications reduce the risk of rebleeding after endoscopic treatment in patients with peptic ulcers that have high risk features such as active bleeding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Anticholinergic used as an adjunct in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease and to treat irritable bowel syndrome. It does not have a role in reducing the risk of rebleeding in these patients
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
FSH > ___ mIU/mL is diagnostic of menopause
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Does LH increase or decrease during menopause?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Does estradiol increase or decrease during menopause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cannon jugular venous pressure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Wide pulse pressures are associated with what valve d/o? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: subclavian bruit, unequal radial pulses and unequal blood pressure readings
|
|
Definition
Subclavian steal syndrome
|
|
|
Term
treatment of choice for pulmonary Legionellosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
2 months status-post gastric bypass surgery develops abdominal cramps, diarrhea, palpitations, sweating and nausea shortly after eating |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Imaging of choice for orbital fxs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
+ orthostatic HTN is a decrease in systolic BP of at least ___ mmHg
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: painful swelling over the tibial tubercle, most commonly in a male adolescent athlete
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Most commonly in the knee when a focal area of bone and adjacent cartilage are affected by vascular necrosis, causing separation
|
|
Definition
Osteochondritis dissecans |
|
|
Term
excessive varus deformity and excessive bowing of the legs
|
|
Definition
Tibia vara, also known as Blount disease
|
|
|
Term
Most commonly affects female adolescent athletes and is thought to be secondary to a small patella and slight exaggeration of knee valgus and quadriceps angle.
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Infants should be able to speak 1 to 3 words by what age? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Superficial detachment of the skin in the area of trauma in pemphigus vulgaris |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When should Rhogam be given? |
|
Definition
@ 28wks gestation to Rh- women |
|
|
Term
What lab test should be checked in a person with a repeat possible MI within 3 days of the last? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Anticholinergic agents (Dicyclomine/Bentyl)
|
|
|
Term
Sx: Polyphagia, nocturnal enuresis and weight loss
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Chronic skin infxns – more common in Type I or II DM?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
movement syndrome from neuroleptics that usually occurs in the beginning of treatment. Patients appear to be in constant motion and anxious
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
extra-pyramidal motor disturbance presenting as muscle spasms usually in the eyes, tongue, jaw, or neck usually from high potency neuroleptic drugs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A syndrome of involuntary movements that can involve the tongue and lips, hands, limbs and trunk. It usually develops after months to years on antipsychotic medications |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Unilateral findings of a visceral pleural line with no vascular pulmonary markings in between this line in the chest wall
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
enlarging painful swelling of the right labia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
most common cause of arterial embolization
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
painless collection of serous fluid within the tunica vaginalis of the scrotum
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
painless, benign, sperm-filled lesion located on the epididymis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A 34 year-old woman who is new to the practice has a long history of medical complaints that include almost every organ system. She describes herself as being ill since she was a child. She takes a total of 25 prescriptions from multiple providers,including prednisone and multiple pain medications, as well as several over-the-counter medications. You find no abnormalities on comprehensive examination.
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
most appropriate meds to delay the progression of osteoporosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
5 weeks of mild diarrhea, mostly after breakfast. The stool is described as bulky, greasy, frothy, and malodorous; it is free of blood or pus. He is afebrile and has upper abdominal discomfort, cramps, distention, and excessive flatus. he has lost several pounds. What organism?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
febrile illness with blood and/or mucus in watery diarrhea and not associated with meals |
|
Definition
Parasitic dysentery (Amebiasis) |
|
|
Term
Chronic infection by ______ with intestinal involvement presents as abdominal pain, irregular bowel movements and blood in the stool. The clinical syndrome usually presents with fever and chills and organomegaly. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Syndrome associated with large, apical lung CAs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1st line tx for nosebleed |
|
Definition
Direct pressure to nares for 15 min |
|
|
Term
most likely chest radiograph presentation of adenocarcinoma of the lung
|
|
Definition
solitary, peripheral lesion |
|
|
Term
First line treatment for lyme disease
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
fracture of the distal 5th metacarpal
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which vaccine should a patient with asplenia receive?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Test for the diagnosis of lactase deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
screening test for gluten-sensitive enteropathy
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for von Willebrand's dz |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
prolonged aPTT and normal platelet count
and function
What dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
HIV positive patient presents with worsening dementia, fever, headache, and right hemiparesis.
MRI of the brain reveals six lesions throughout the brain that show ring enhancement and surrounding edema
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine |
|
|
Term
| Tx for smoking cessation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Atopic dermatitis pts are at risk for what dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| treatment of choice for hyperthyroidism in a 10-week pregnant patient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
constrictive pericarditis or right
ventricular infarction. |
|
|
Term
| Continuous mechanical murmurs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| eyes should move in parallel without deviation by the age of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sutures in the face should be removed in how many days? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Rapid urease test is positive. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lymphocytosis with atypical large lymphocytes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
serious complication of seizures
and hyperthermia related to drug abuse. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most sensitive test to detect rhabdomyolysis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| elevated cold hemagglutinin titer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| small grayish vesicles and punched-out ulcers in the posterior pharynx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
which
reflex starts to disappear at about 2-3 months of age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
when does the
Moro reflex starts to disappear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intraarticular injection of hyaluronic acid has been approved for treatment of what? |
|
Definition
| Osteoarthritis of the knee |
|
|
Term
| Initial pharmacologic therapy of schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| "atypical" antipsychotic meds (olanzapine, risperidone, quietiapine) |
|
|
Term
| fracture along the length of the radius with injury to the distal radioulnar joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fracture of the proximal ulna with anterior dislocation of the radial head. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fracture of the distal radius with dorsal displacement of the radial head |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fracture of the distal radius with ventral displacement of the radial head |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx:
mass in the groin,
extends into the scrotum when standing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
what type of hypoglycemic meds can
increase insulin levels and predispose patients to hypoglycemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx:
medial knee pain that worsens with stair climbing,
swelling and point tenderness inferior and medial to the patella and tenderness overlying the medial tibial plateau |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
edium- pitched, mid-systolic murmur that decreases with
squatting and increases with straining |
|
Definition
| Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
|
|
Term
Use of systemic corticosteroids can cause
what
adverse effects in the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| confirmation NOT screening for SLE |
|
|
Term
| best screening test used in the evaluation for SLE |
|
Definition
| Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA |
|
|
Term
| Acute rebound hypertensive episodes have been reported to occur with the sudden withdrawal of what med? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| periumbilical pain - what anatomical site? |
|
Definition
| Small bowel, appendix, prox colon |
|
|
Term
severe pain at the base of the thumb and no other finger involvement. The pain is worse with activity and lasts a short period of time following rest |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enterovirus, arbovirus, HSV |
|
|
Term
| dz in which autoimmune gastritis causes a lack of the intrinsic factor needed to absorb vit B12 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| treatment of choice for a torus (buckle) fracture |
|
Definition
| Ace wrap or anterior splinting |
|
|
Term
| treatment for chronic bacterial prostatitis |
|
Definition
fluoroquinolones or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome |
|
|
Term
treatment of choice for
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome |
|
Definition
| Radiofrequency catheter ablation |
|
|
Term
| dietary substance that interacts with monoamine oxidase-inhibitor antidepressant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| type of HA associated with ptosis, nasal stuffiness and lacrimation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What medication
has the ability to cause analgesia when used for acute compression fracture of the vertebral body |
|
Definition
| Calcitonin (Miacalcin) nasal spray |
|
|
Term
| Prophylaxis for sickle cell dz |
|
Definition
Penicillin V starting at 2 months of age and folic
acid starting at 1 year of age. |
|
|
Term
| A patient should be tested for tuberculosis prior to being treated with what med? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| side effect associated with long-term administration of phenytoin (Dilantin) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
history of type 1 diabetes mellitus for 3 years presents for routine follow-up. The mother states that the child has been having nightmares and night sweats. Additionally, his average morning glucose readings have risen from an average of 100 mg/dL to 145 mg/dL over the past week |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| known side effects of bleomycin |
|
Definition
| Pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary infiltrates |
|
|
Term
| Tx for ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma. |
|
Definition
| transsphenoidal resection of the tumor. |
|
|
Term
| Meds used in the treatment of Alzheimer's |
|
Definition
| Cholinesterase inhibitors |
|
|
Term
| drugs of choice for insomnia in the elderly population |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| XR view for spondylolysis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Injury to what nerve causes winging of the scapula |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intermittent longitudinal mucosal ulcers and fissures on sigmoidoscopy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Tx of
polymyalgia rheumatica |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
stiffness, aching, and pain in the muscles of her neck, shoulders, lower back, hips, and thighs. There is no associated weakness associated with the stiffness and achiness. Laboratory evaluation shows an elevated C reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| first line treatment of pyelonephritis in a pregnant patient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What med is
indicated for the prevention of NSAID-induced gastritis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
treatment of gastroparesis as a first-line agent and as a second-line agent in the treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dental caries are caused by which organism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| treatment for primary enuresis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which study is mandatory with a
posterior knee dislocation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which medication
has effects on bone turnover and bone mass and has been shown to decease vertebral fractures. It has anti-estrogen effects on the non-skeletal portions of the body and increases hot flashes in perimenopausal females. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
used to treat bacterial meningitis, secondary to
Neisseria meningitidis
|
|
Definition
| Penicillin and chloramphenicol |
|
|
Term
used to treat bacterial meningitis, secondary to
Listeria monocytogenes
|
|
Definition
| Ampicillin and ceftriaxone |
|
|
Term
| Red cell casts in the urine |
|
Definition
| acute glomerular nephritis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| early diabetic neuropathy |
|
|
Term
| White cell casts in urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| palpable non-tender gallbladder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cancer involving the pancreatic head |
|
|
Term
| mid-diastolic opening snap |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Paradoxical splitting of S2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
episodes of vertigo that last from 1 to 8 hours, sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Endotracheal intubation should be performed with caution in patients with what condition due to the propensity to cause subluxation of C1 on C2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Weakness of thumb abduction |
|
Definition
Median nerve injury -
carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
|
Term
| impingement syndrome of the rotator cuff involves what muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Broad waxy casts in urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common arrhythmia encountered in patients with mitral stenosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chemo drug noted for nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Lamotrigine - used in refractory seizures and for bipolar d/o
What is it's most serious SE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx:"waist down" purpura, arthritis, abd pain, and nonthrombocytopenic purpura in a young female |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: "volcano" mass on the back of the hand, flesh colored, sharpyly rising edges and central crater with expressable keratotic debris |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jaundice + high alkaline phosphatase + normal sized extrahepatic ducts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| organism observable with India ink in CSF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anemia + low iron binding capacity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| manic episode imposed on a history of chronic psychosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: Hyperextension of the neck, relative sparing of the lower extremities + upper extremity deficits |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hematuria s/p sore throat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Infant with resp. distress, cyanosis and scaphoid abdomen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What BB is used for pt with asthma + hyperthyroidism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what CN controlls pupillary response to light? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| increased CSF protein with no white cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC organism in Guillain-Barre Syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gland should always be investigated in myesthenia gravis? |
|
Definition
| thymus gland with MRI or CT |
|
|
Term
| IgA in the mesangial region on renal bx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: abrupt onset of high fever, when fever breaks a rash appears on the trunk |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: multi-nodular, cavitating lesions in the apices of the lungs with satellite lesions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: gait disturbances, urinary incontinenct and dementia |
|
Definition
| Normal pressure hydrocephalus |
|
|
Term
| Incorrect treatment of mononucleosis with what med will lead to a rash? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| decrescendo blowing diastolic murmur at 3rd and 4th intercostal spaces |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| oligoclonal IgG bands in the CSF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: rash that begins on the head and spreads downward, fever, post cervical lymphadenopathy, arthralgias |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most important prognostic factor of malignant melanoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: chubby boy who is limping and cannot rotate his leg internally, knee pain, normal knee physical exam |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: Prolonged, heavy periods that start at menarche with a hemaglobin <10 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
gram +, encapsulated, lancet shaped diplococci
What organism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| small, hat shaped fungus, common cause of pneumonia in HIV pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dural based mass of the brain, may induce bone thickening in the adjacent calvarium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: increase in head size, thickening of the bone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common nerve of origin for a Schwannoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Condition in which menstrual periods do not occur because the uterine cavity has become obliterated with adhesions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organism responsible for aplastic crisis in sickle cell pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| test of choice for myesthenia gravis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of GI bleeding in children |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: Shock with high CVP in a chest trauma victim |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| harsh, late-peaking, crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur at R 2nd intercostal space and radiates to the carotids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of diuretics work on the distal tubule? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
antibodies to topoisomerase I (anti-Scl-70)
what dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| motile, curved, oxidase-positive gram negative rod with polar flagella |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| flagellated gram-negative organism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most cost effective method for testing for H. pylori eradication? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| intractable contracture of the hand + palpable fascial nodules |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What lab should be monitored while on lithium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Calcified parietal pleural plaques, hyperinflation of the parenchyma, interstitial fibrosis with septal wall widening worse near the periphery of the lungs |
|
Definition
| asbestosis (pneumoconiosis) |
|
|
Term
| Dislocation or fracture of the humerous would affect what nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tyramine restricted diets are needed when taking what class of antidepressants? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Coagulase positive organism of TSS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| THayer-Martin media can be used to identify what organism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Quellung reaction can be used to identify what organism? |
|
Definition
| any encapsulated organism - Haemophilus, pneumococci |
|
|
Term
| gray, adherant pseudomembrane pharynx, nasopharynx, trachea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC innocent murmur of childhood. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 year old boy - musical, vibratory murmur best heard at the apex, decreases when squatting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 year old girl - continuous, musical murmur at upper RSB and lower neck, diminished when supine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Loud, harsh, holosystolic murmur along LLSB |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Machinery murmur, continuous, best heard at 2nd ICS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Blowing systolic murmur in L axilla |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rough, systolic ejection murmur at 3rd ICS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Severly cyanotic newborn without resp distress |
|
Definition
| Transposition of the great vessels |
|
|
Term
| Figure 8 or snowman on CXR |
|
Definition
| Total anomalous venous return |
|
|
Term
| Sx: mental retardation, light complexion, "mousy" urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organism causing gastroenteritis in AIDs pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: paroxysmal abd pain, sausage-shaped mass in upper abd |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which class of antidepressants causes dry mouth, orthostatic hypotension, blurred vision and dizziness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Creatinine kinase level >5 = what dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: asymptomatic abd swelling in a 4yr old |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "Ice cream falling of the cone" on XR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common hormone to be increased with a pituitary adenoma. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Liver disease + lung disease (emphysema) = what disease? |
|
Definition
| Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: small testes, long arms and legs, infertility, gynecomastia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mild respiratory symptoms in an afebrile newborn is consistent with what organism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the only hyperchromic anemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of anemia is caused by lead poisoning? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Coombs' test looks for what antibodies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: friable, grape-like masses protruding thru the vagina of a young girl |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| organism in osteomyelitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| organism for osteomyelitis in sickle cell pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: elderly with incontinence, dementia and syncope |
|
Definition
| normal pressure hydrocephalus |
|
|
Term
| Winged scapula = which nerve damaged? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| negatively birefringement needle-shaped crystals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| abd pain relieved by eating food |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| organism that grows on buffered charcoal yeast extract |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: fishy, green vaginal d/c, burning w/ urination, petechial lesions on cervix |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| motile, flagellated organism that is a STD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for people in contact with a patient who has bacterial meningitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: pain in ant aspect of thigh, worse at night, aspirin helps, XR shows radiolucent nidus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: pain, fever, leukocytosis, "onion skin appearance" on XR, most common in cylindrical bones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: "double bubble" sign - gas collection in the stomach and one in the prox duodenum in a newborn |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: RLQ pain + diarrhea
What organism? |
|
Definition
Yersinia enterocolitica
Differs from appendicitis b/c they have no diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| Electric shocks down the spine in MS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: small posterior fossa, displacement of the cerebellar vermis and medulla thru the foramen magnum, myelomeningocele |
|
Definition
| Arnold-Chiari type 2 malformation |
|
|
Term
| SE of bupropion in pts with anorexia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: pitiuitary stalk hemorrhage postpartum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which type of DI is unresponsive to vasopressin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: hyperextension of the neck, upper extremity paralysis and burning, lower extremities spared
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| increased ASO titer = recent infxn with what organism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| short acting anticholinesterase drug that will reverse the symptoms of myesthenia gravis, but only for a short period of time |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: round, oval discrete and confluent, hypopigmented patches with a fine scale that is accentuated by rubbing, rash is worse after exercising |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for a patient with HTN and CHF |
|
Definition
ACE-I
Protective against CHF |
|
|
Term
| Tx for topical salycilate poisoning |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| low levels of 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid in the CSF has been associated with increased risk for what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What organism - gram positive cocci, catalase positivve, produces whitish colonies on mannitol salt agar, gamma-hemolytic on sheep blood agar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antiparkinson drug stimulates the release of dopamine from presynaptic nerve terminals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: patient has fully recovered after acute cystitis but still has a positive UA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for pyelonephritis in pregnancy |
|
Definition
| Admission and ceftriaxone |
|
|
Term
| Sx: erythematous, scaly patch with irregular borders that slowly enlarges over many years, minute areas of erosion develop and appear as crusts |
|
Definition
| Bowen dz (squamous cell carcinoma in situ) |
|
|
Term
| MC organism causing endocarditis in IV drug abusers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: fever, sore throat, 2 days later a diffuse, erythematous rash with areas of desquamation, circumoral pallor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: infection of new prosthetic valve that is refractory to antibiotic tx
What organism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| paradoxic splitting of the second heart sound + wide QRS = what valve dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hereditary nephritis that causes hematuria, renal failure and deafness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Common in childhood and presents with heavy proteinuria with no hematuria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: petechial rash that starts on hands and feet and spreads to trunk, fever, HA, malaise, toxic appearing |
|
Definition
| Rocky Mountain spotted fever |
|
|
Term
| Organism for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most specific serologic test for SLE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: Lobulated lesions with "popcorn" calcifications on CXR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: 1 week old infant, pneumonia on CXR, hx of conjunctivitis after birth
What organism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organisms in COPD pneumonia (3) |
|
Definition
Strep pneumonia, Hib, M. catarrhalis
Same for otitis media |
|
|
Term
| Tx for staph infection of the external ear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of allergy should you not give the influenza vaccine to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What neuro dz can you not give the influenza vaccine to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| newborn infant with a scaphoid abdomen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what antifungal drug will influence the PT during warfarin use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: rumbling, low pitched, diastolic murmur preceded by an opening snap |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Test of choice for diagnosing PE in a patient with chronic renal disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for HTN in pts with CAD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: confusion, pulmonary findings, GI complaints, LFT abnormalities - all after a vacation on a cruise ship |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx of choice for Legionella pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organism associated with contact lense use |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pt was in a major car accident then has bloody urine after a foley is inserted
Best test to see her urologic injury? |
|
Definition
| Retrograde cystogram including post-void films |
|
|
Term
| Drug associated with yellow/green or blurred vision as a SE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for chlamydia in pregnancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for depression after a MI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx used for the subQ nodules seen in gout |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which medication causes gingival hyperplasia as a SE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC SE of inhaled anticholinergic agents? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mitral stenosis is associated with what arrhythmia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Tx for PCP prophylaxis in AIDS pts
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Most frequent sx in a pt with a brain abscess |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Imaging of choice for chronic laryngitis
|
|
Definition
Direct or indirect laryngoscopy
|
|
|
Term
Arrhythmia associated with Grave’s dz
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
An EKG in HTN is useful to screen for what?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Dz associated with dermatitis herpetiformis
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: pallor, anorexia, nausea, asterixis, pruritis, weight loss, numbness in hands and feet, foot drop
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Heterophil antibody used to dx what dz?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Most common presenting sx of primary hyperparathyroidism
|
|
Definition
NONE – most pts with PRIMARY are asymptomatic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
3 causes of indirect bilirubinemia |
|
Definition
Hemolytic anemia, physiologic jaundice, Gilbert’s syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In the elderly, if thyroid replacement is given too rapidly, what can occur?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
MC valve involved in endocarditis in IVDU
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: persistent, foul aural d/c, granulations in the ear canal and deep ear pain, temp 102.4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Tx for trigeminal neuralgia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What type of imaging should you do to determine between scarring or new effusion when determining cause of costophrenic angle blunting
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: tanslucent papules on both hands and inner thigh, central keratotic plug, central umbilication
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: fever, muscle aches, dyspnea, productive rust colored sputum, one large shaking chill |
|
Definition
Pneumococcal pneumonia (strep pneumonia) |
|
|
Term
Antiphospholipid antibodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: epigastric pain after eating, abd bloating, early satiety, weight loss, epigastric tenderness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the hallmark for diastolic HF? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Tx of choice for uncomplicated cystitis in pregnant woman |
|
Definition
Macrobid (nitrofurantoin) |
|
|
Term
Painful enlargement of the thyroid gland
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When the tip of the nose has a herpetic lesion
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cherry red spot on macula
|
|
Definition
Central retinal artery occlusion |
|
|
Term
Sudden, painless unilateral loss of vision
|
|
Definition
Central retinal artery occlusion
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Central retinal vein occlusion |
|
|
Term
Sx: woke up with unilateral, blurry vision that is gradually getting worse, fundoscopic exam shows cotton wool spots |
|
Definition
Central retinal vein occlusion (Diabetes) |
|
|
Term
Drusen, pale yellow deposits on retina |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Bilateral small, irregular pupils (<3mm)
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Unilateral, dilated pupil, post viral
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Lesion in visual afferent pathway anterior to optic chiasm of eye |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Marcus Gunn pupil – afferent or efferent papillary defect
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: eye deviated down and out – what Nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: unable to move eye in and down – what nerve?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: unable to abduct eye – what nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: optic neuritis in young female = what dz?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: patient appears intoxicated with alcohol on his breath, increased BUN/Cr, calcium oxalate crystals seen in urine
What did they ingest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ingestion of what kind of alcohol causes blindness? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx of ethylene glycol and methanol ingestion |
|
Definition
| ethanol infusions (fomepizole) |
|
|
Term
| CXR findings of a severe asthma attack |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What must you get before giving N acetylcysteine in a tylenol OD? |
|
Definition
acetaminphen levels - which you need to wait 4 hours for
(N acetylcysteine can be given up to 16 hrs after ingestion) |
|
|
Term
| Organisms most common in infective endocarditis (2) |
|
Definition
| S. aureus & Viridans group strep |
|
|
Term
| MC organism of infective endocarditis in HIV pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC organism of infective endocarditis in IVDU |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC etiology of pericardial effusion in young males |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC etiology of pericardial effusion in young females |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| high amounts of oxygen concentrations delivered through a ventilator for a long time can lead to what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: pt laying motionless on bed, rigid, tender, quiet abomen, hx of alcoholism, free air under diaphragms on XR, amylase of 1200 U/L |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Measuring growth hormone and insulin growth factor-1 before and after administration of glucose is the diagnostic test for what?
|
|
Definition
| Acromegaly - usually caused by a pituitary adenoma |
|
|
Term
| Vitamin deficiency responsible for alopecia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Newly developed white pupil in a child |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organism of post strep GN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for symptomatic bardycardia post-MI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Renal failure pts should always be supplemented with what in their diet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Loss of oligodendrocytes is the underlying mechanism for what dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abrupt switching from a MAOI to a SSRI can lead to what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long should the wash-out period be between switching from a MAOI to a SSRI? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antidepressant that causes decreased libido and also amenorrhea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Absence of a uterus, cervix and/or vagina |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What hormone level will be increased during premature ovarian failure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pituitary dysfunction causing secondary amenorrhea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common organism causing cancer of the vagina and vulva |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A patient with recurrent vaginal candida infections should be screened for what dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what increases the risk for ischemic stroke the most? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which hormone is responsibile for sustaining pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organism of guttate psoriasis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: patch of hair on the lower lumbar region of a baby |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which atypical antipsychotic med causes the most weight gain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of injury needs assessment from a Y view xR? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of shoulder dislocation is more common with seizures? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC muscle torn in a rotator cuff injurty |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Test of choice for diagnosing rotator cuff tears |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for agitation and paranoia in the elderly with dementia |
|
Definition
| atypical antipsychotics - risperidone |
|
|
Term
| Sx: skin nodule that develops at the site of a previous injury, does not blanch with pressure, slightly vascularized, bleeds easily, not painful |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which test can be done to determine the amount of Rhogam to give to a mother? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: night watchman with a cold, aloof type of personality, likes to be alone
What d/o? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dequervain's tenosynovitis |
|
|
Term
| Sx: finger locks in flexion, difficulty extending it |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC site of fracture in an osetoarthritis pt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sx: maladaptive behavior changes, nystagmus, HTN, tachycardia, slurred speech, unsteady gait
What drug? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC cause of sporadic viral encephalitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: joint line pain, effusion, locking of the knee |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What atypical antipsychotic drug causes an increase in prolactin levels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: 5 year old boy, pain in knees that is releived by rubbing them, resting brings on the pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: burning pain btwn toes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sunray/sunburst appearance of bone on XR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antineoplastic drug causes hematuria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: coin shaped/discoid lesions that begin as patches of vesicles and papules then ooze and crust over, appear more in winter and on extensor surfaces |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which antihypertensive med causes depression? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: AIDS pt, sx's of a pneumonia, receive's PCN with no resolution, then develops a HA, CT shows metastatic brain abscesses, beaded, branchind filamentous gram-positive bacteria, weakly acid fast on biopsy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for HTN and vasospastic angina |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antihypertensive med can cause CHF? |
|
Definition
Verapamil
(negative inotropic effects) |
|
|
Term
| Argyll ROberston pupil is suggestive of what dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: 12 y/o boy, obese, easy bruising, difficulty rising from the crouching position, growth arrest, HTN |
|
Definition
| Pituitary microadenoma - Cushing's syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Borborygmi is suggestive of what problem? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of hand deformity is consistent with RA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Braxton hicks contractions occur after what week of gestation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Brushfield spots (gray-white spots on sclera) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organism responsible for Bullous myringitis of the TM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organism responsible for HUS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "copper wiring" on fundoscopic exam |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Corrigan's pulse - collapsing pulse |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dot hemorrhages on fundoscopic exam |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Duroziez Murmur - bruits heard over the femoral artery during both systoly and diastole
What valve d/o? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Flame hemorrhages on fundoscopic exam |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gibbus deformity - sharp change in angle of spine (instead of gradual) |
|
Definition
| Pott's Disease (TB spondylitis) |
|
|
Term
Hutchinson's triad
1. interstitial keratitis
2. deafness
3. notched teeth |
|
Definition
| Congenital syphilis in the newborn |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| flexing of the neck causes an electical shock like sensation that extends down the spine and shoots into the limbs |
|
Definition
Lhermitte's sign
trauma to cervical spine, B12 deficiency, tumor |
|
|
Term
| Bence Jones protein in the urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What medication is used preoperatively for HTN in a pheochromocytoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Condition characterised by abnormality of the thymus, parathyroids and great vessels arising from developmental failure. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fulminating infection of the scrotum that leads to gangrene |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antihypertensive that is contraindicated in pts with peripheral claudication |
|
Definition
BBs - (propanolol)
Negative inotrope and causes arterial vasoconstriction |
|
|
Term
| Organism that causes heptocellular carcinoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tear drop cell (shape of RBC) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
|
|
Term
| Amenorrhea secondary to uterine adhesions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 14 y/o with no menses but does have sexual characteristics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 16 y/o with no menses or sexual characteristics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Being able to pick up an object from standing without losing balance
What age? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prehn's sign - increase in pain with elevation of scrotum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx of intermittent claudication with rest pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC organism in acute prostatitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: multiple plaques and papules over his body involving mucosal surfaces, vary in color from purple, pink to brown, some lesions are irritated and bleed, also has blood in the urine and stool |
|
Definition
| Kaposi Sarcoma - can be presenting manifestaion in AIDS |
|
|
Term
| Sx: 5 mos old infant, fair-skinned, severely dry skin, signs of developmental delay |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: 7 y/o, diplopia, unilateral right sided facial weakness including the forehead, MRI shows enlargement of the pons occluding the fourth ventricle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for a child with sickle cell dz and an infection with a fever of 103F |
|
Definition
| IV ceftriaxone (rocephin) |
|
|
Term
| Sx: petechiae, microhemorrhages, gingival bleeding, perfollicular hemorrhages, decreased plasma ascorbate levels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx of choice for depression + bulimia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx: perifollicular hemorrhages, fragmentation of hairs, purpura, ecchymoses, splinter hemorrhages, gum bleeding, and hemorrhages into the muscle |
|
Definition
| Scurvy - Vit C deficiency |
|
|
Term
Sx: diaphoretic 21 y/o male, dilated pupils, agitated, feels like ants are crawling up his arms
What drug did he take? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After a MI or CVA pts are at an increased risk for what psychiatric d/o? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tx for prinzmetal's angina |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aldosterone causes the body to retain ____ and excrete ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Beaded appearance of the biliary tree on barium radiographs |
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Definition
| primary sclerosing cholangitis |
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Term
| Sx: sharply delineated, dry, brown slightly scaly patches in the groin, axilla and between the fourth and fifth toes, Woods lamp exam is positive |
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Definition
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Term
| Organism that causes pneumonia in children with no spleen |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx for a febrile child with sickle cell dz |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: dementia + visual hallucinations and extrapyramidal signs |
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Definition
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Term
| Chlamydia psittaci is the organism associated with what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: 14 y/o boy with short stature, eats normal diet, height and weight consistently in 5th percentile, physical exam is normal |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx for overdose of detroamphetamine |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia
What deficiency? |
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Definition
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Term
| What hormone is responsible for producing 1,25-dihidroxyvitamin D (calcitriol) in the kidney? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of psychiatric d/o is MVP associated with? |
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Definition
| panic d/o and generalized anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
| Fracture of the atlas - from axial loading (landing on head) |
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Term
| Sx: mild weight loss, fatigue, low grade temps, shoulder and hip girdle discomfort, pain when rising from chair, elevated ESR |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx for a solid tumor in the kidney |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: fever, trismus, temp 101.3F, poor dentition, erythema in sublingual area and neck, tongue displaced posteriorly, unable to control secretions |
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Definition
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Term
| First line tx of severe ludwig's angina |
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Definition
| secure the airway (intubate if necessary) |
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Term
| What artery supplies the inferior wall of the L ventricle as well as the AV node? |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx for a child with dehydration unable to tolerate oral intake |
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Definition
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Term
| What labs test the livers synthetic function? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is one of the most common presentations of an autoimmune disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| What drug improves peripheral insulin sensitivity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the most common abnormalities in a baby with fetal alcohol syndrome? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: sexually active female with painless copious bilateral eye exudates, conjunctival inflammation with corneal sparing, gram negative diplococci |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx for pregnant women and children with scabies |
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Definition
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Term
| What will occur if you give a pt with renal disease an MRI with gadolinium? |
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Definition
| Systemic nephrogenic sclerosis |
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Term
| Sx: on speculum exam, a smooth, blue-tinged prominence on the cervix |
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Definition
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Term
| MCC of breast lumps in young women |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: hx of diabetes, sx's of nausea, vomiting after meals, early satiety, bm's and urination are normal |
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Definition
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Term
| Inherited condition with variable elevations in circulating unconjugated biliruben with no long term sequelae other than jaundice |
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Definition
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Term
1. rheumatoid arthritis
2. cytopenia
3. splenomegaly
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Definition
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Term
| Diagnostic test of choice for acromegaly |
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Definition
| Insulin-like growth factor |
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Term
| Sx: 11 y/o, GI illness, then bleeding per rectum, oliguria, hematuria and hemolytic anemia showing schistocytes |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: mild respiratory symptoms in an afebrile infant
What organism? |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx for pt with reynaud's and HTN |
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Definition
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Term
| What test should you order on a pt with recurring yeast infxns? |
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Definition
| fasting glucose - DM presents with this |
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Term
| Besides a MI, what other etiology can cause elevations in cTroponin-T levels? |
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Definition
| thoracic aortic dissection |
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Term
| Sx: diarrhea, peptic ulcer disease refractory to H. pylori treatmetn |
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Definition
| Zollinger-Ellison syndrome - gastric acid hypersecretion |
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Term
| Porphyria is a result of a defect in what pathway? |
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Definition
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Term
| EKG findings in hypokalemia |
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Definition
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Term
| What muscle is used when rising from seated to standing? |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx for essential tremor + HTN |
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Definition
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Term
| MCC of compression fx of the T spine in a female in her 60's |
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Definition
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Term
| Bleeding from many sites, decreased platelets, elevated INR, presence of fibrin split product |
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Definition
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Term
| MC inherited thrombophilia |
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Definition
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Term
| Which liver enzyme will be more elevated than the others in cholestatic liver disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a major complication of Kawasaki syndrome? |
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Definition
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Term
| What nerve keeps the eyelids open? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: vasculitis associated with renal insufficiency, proteinuria, HTN |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx of tremors in ETOH w/drawl |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Tx for enuresis in children |
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Definition
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Term
| What should be given when starting INH to prevent neuropathy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx for lyme dz in a patient <12 y/o |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: 6 y/o, fever, sore throat, next day he has vomiting and lethargy, he is delirious and disoriented, no rash, reflexes are hyperactivve, liver edge is palpable |
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Definition
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Term
| postmenopausal women are at highest risk of death from what type of dz? |
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Definition
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Term
| Organism that causes molluscum contagiosum |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: 3 mos old child, round face, large protruding tongue, dry skin, umbilical hernia, weight gain below average, apathetic, constipation |
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Definition
| congenital hypothyroidism |
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Term
| Sx: anterior shoulder pain that is reproduced by palpation, resistance to motion of elbow flexion and supination |
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Definition
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Term
| What tumor marker is used to monitor colon ca? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Sx:
acute distress with near-syncope and lightheadedness is being examined. The patient's pulse is 40/min and blood pressure is 90/56 mm Hg.
Examination of the patient at 45 degrees of elevation reveals cannon "a" waves. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: pain over the posterior tibialis muscle body |
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Definition
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Term
| Absorption of vitamin B12 requires intrinsic factor that is secreted by what cells? |
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Definition
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Term
Sx: increased jugular pulsation in the neck, along with a palpable venous pulse in the liver, systolic flow murmur on R side of sternum - What valve d/o? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sx: bitemporal hemorrhagic necrosis |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you screen for fragile X syndrome? |
|
Definition
| 2nd trimester amniocentesis |
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Term
| Sx: rapidly progressing dementia with myoclonic jerking movements, EEG shows generalized periodic sharp waves |
|
Definition
| Creutzfield-Jakob disease |
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Term
| Tx for acute dystonic reaction from an antipsychotic drug |
|
Definition
| anticholinergics (benztropine) |
|
|
Term
| Medications to induce uterine relaxation |
|
Definition
| B2 agonists (terbutaline) |
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Term
| Sx: acute hemolytic crisis after taking chloroquine |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Sx: bruit and palpable thrill in the R groin, resting HR of 115 BPM, hx of gunshot wound to the R groin without proper treatment |
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Definition
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|
Term
| large, irregular, calcified mass with multiple broad projections in one renal pelvis |
|
Definition
| stag-horn calculus - made of magnesium ammonium phosphate |
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