Term
|
Definition
| groups of firms that venture into new products and technologies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the first stage of international development in which a company is domestically oriented while managers are aware of the global environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| achieving lower costs through large volume production; often made possible by global expansion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| achieving economies by having a presence in many product lines, technologies, or geographic areas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| supplies necessary for production, such as land, raw materials, and labour |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a company that no longer thinks of itself as having a home country |
|
|
Term
| global geographical structure |
|
Definition
| a form in which an organization divides its operations into world regions, each of which reports to the CEO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a form of horizontal linkage in an international organization in which both product and geographical structures are implemented simultaneously to achieve a balance between standardization and globalization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a form in which product divisions take responsibility for global operations in their specific product areas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the stage of international development in which the company transcends any one country |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| work groups comprising multinational members whose activities span multiple countries; also called transnational teams |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the standardization of product design and advertising strategy throughout the world |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a division that is equal in statues to other major departments within a company and has its own hierarchy to handle business in various countries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the second stage of international development, in which the company takes exports seriously and begins to think multi domestically |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a separate entity for sharing development and production costs and penetrating new markets that is created with two or more active firms as sponsors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| company that deals with competitive issues in each country independent of other countries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| competition in each country is handled independently of competition in other countries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the stage of international development in which a company has marketing and production facilities in many countries and more than one-third of its sales outside its home country |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the level of inequality people are willing to accept within an organization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a policy that ensures all branches of the company at all locations operate in the same way |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a form of horizontal organization that has multiple centres, subsidiary managers who initiate strategy and innovations for the company as a whole, and unity and coordination achieved through organizational culture and shared vision and values |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the level of tolerance for, and comfort with, uncertainty and individualism within a culture |
|
|
