Term
T or F?
Content is related to intellectual property |
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Definition
| True: In the broadest sense, content IS property and it varies by industry |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of creative endeavour that can be protected through a trademark, patent, copyright, industrial design, or integrated circuit topography |
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Term
| Content management includes... |
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Definition
The management of content data (handled by database management systems)
The presentation of content (handled by content management systems) |
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Term
| What is the challenge with content management? |
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Definition
- Processing and storing the right content
- Getting the right content to the right person in the right format at the right time |
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Term
| Difference between spreadsheets and databases |
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Definition
Spreadsheets - Keep lists of single concepts
Databases - Keep lists that involve multiple themes |
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Term
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Definition
A self-describing collection of integrated records - a collection of tables plus relationships among the rows in those tables plus metadata
Keeps track of things that involve more than one theme |
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Term
| Hierarchy of Data Elements |
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Definition
Byte is a character of data
Bytes are grouped into columns/fields
Columns grouped into rows/records
Rows are grouped into tables/files |
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Term
| Hierarchy of Data Elements |
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Definition
Byte is a character of data
Bytes are grouped into columns/fields
Columns grouped into rows/records
Rows are grouped into tables/files |
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Term
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Definition
| The most basic logical data element –single alphabetic, numeric or symbol –typically a Byte |
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Term
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Definition
- AKA a column
- Typically a group of characters (could be one) – represents an attribute (characteristic or quality) of an entity (object, person, or place) |
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Term
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Definition
| Related fields of data grouped together –can be either fixed length (e.g. Address) or variable length (employment history) |
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Term
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Definition
- AKA file
- A group of related records – frequently classified by application (payroll file) or use (transaction vs. master file) about a thing or event |
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Term
T or F?
With information systems, all content is stored in a digital form |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the smallest digital unit we use? |
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Definition
| Bits - Binary digit (represents either 1 or 0) |
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Term
| How many bits are in a byte? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the the most common storage unit? |
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Definition
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Term
T or F?
One byte can be translated into a Character |
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Definition
| True: the byte “01000001” = “A” |
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Term
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Definition
- Character strings (text)
- Numeric: decimal / binary; fixed point / floating point; character (special representation)
- Logical (can be one of 'true' or 'false')
- Special: date, currency, memo... |
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Term
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Definition
Master record:
- A record representing the status of a business entity
- e.g. a customer account, an inventory item record
Transaction record:
- A record representing an event (change) in the business
- e.g. a payment made, an invoice issued, inventory reduction |
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Term
T or F?
Values in one table may not relate to rows in other table(s) |
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Definition
| False: values in one table can absolutely relate to rows in other tables |
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Term
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Definition
Column(s) that identify unique row in table
Each table has a key |
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Term
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Definition
| Keys belonging to a different (foreign) table from the one in which they reside. |
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Term
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Definition
| Databases using tables, keys, and foreign keys |
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Term
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Definition
| - A field (or a set of fields) that uniquely identifies records |
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Term
| What do we mean when we say databases are self-describing? |
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Definition
- They are a collection of integrated records that contain, within themselves a description of their contents
- They contain both data and also data about the data in its database
Ex. Libraries = self-describing collections of books and other materials - it is self-describing as it has a catalogue that describes its contents |
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Term
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Definition
- Data that describe data
- Makes databases more useful than spreadsheets - noone will need to guess, remember or record what is in the database
- Makes databases easier to use |
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Term
| Database Management System (DBMS) |
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Definition
- Program that creates, processes, and administers a database
- Almost no organization develops its own DBMS - usually licensed from vendors
- Used to create tables, relationships and other structures in DB
- Consists of forms, formatted reports, queries and application programs |
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Term
| Examples of DBMS products |
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Definition
DB2 from IBM
Access and SQL Server from Microsoft
Oracle from Oracle Corporation
MYSQL – an open source DBMS |
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Term
T or F?
Applications use DBMS to read, insert, modify, or delete data |
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Definition
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Term
| Structured Query Language (SQL) |
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Definition
international standard language for processing a database
Can be thought of as a formal way of putting a question to a database
Can be used to create databases and database structures |
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Term
| 4 ways DBMS provide tools to assist in the administration of the database |
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Definition
- Set up security (could set permissions and limit certain people from seeing certain parts of the database)
- Back up data
- Remove data
- Add structure to improve performance |
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Term
T or F?
The terms DBMS and database can be used interchangeably |
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Definition
| False: DBMS and database are two different things - a DBMS is a software program whereas a database is a collection of tables, relationships and metadata |
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Term
| 4 things applications use DBMS to do |
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Definition
| Read, insert, modify, or delete data |
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Term
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Definition
| Collection of forms, reports, queries, and application programs that process a database |
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Term
T or F?
Databases can have more then one application |
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Definition
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Term
T or F?
Each application can only have one user |
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Definition
| False: Each applications can have multiple users |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to read, insert, modify, and delete data |
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Term
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Definition
Show data in structured context
May compute values |
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Term
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Definition
| Means of getting answers from database data |
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Term
T or F?
Forms, reports, and queries work well for standard functions |
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Definition
| True, however most applications have unique requirements that a simple form, report or query cannot meet |
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Term
| What do application programs do? |
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Definition
- Process logic specific to business need
- Enables database processing over the Internet
- Serves as intermediary between Web server and database
responds to events
- Reads, inserts, modifies, deletes data |
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Term
| Multi-User Processing Problems |
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Definition
- Lost-update problem
- Locking used to coordinate activities of multiple users - creates new set of problems
- Data conflicts produce inaccurate results |
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Term
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Definition
Process large organizational and workgroup databases
Support many users and many database applications
Examples: DB2, Microsoft’s SQL Server, Oracle |
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Term
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Definition
Designed for smaller, simpler database applications
Supports fewer than 100 users
Examples: Access, dBase, FoxPro, Paradox, R:Base |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Involves the use of human procedures and/or computer programs to store, retrieve, and manipulate records of events |
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Term
| The complete internal data relevant to the operation of the organization can be obtained by: |
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Definition
- Recording the status of all entities at a given point in time
- Recording the data about events happening from that time on |
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Term
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Definition
A thing whose status is relevant to the operation and management of the organization
e.g., Order, Customer,Item |
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Term
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Definition
A change (transaction) in the status of at least one entity
e.g., Payment Amount, Shipment Date |
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Term
| Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) |
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Definition
| Systems used for transaction processing |
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Term
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Definition
- A relational database management system designed specifically to support management decision making
- A large, multidimensional database that collects important historical information from company wide databases and external sources into a single database
- Supports On-Line Analytical Processing(OLAP) and is the core of Business Intelligence industry
- Designed to be easy to understand and easily accessible to decision makers |
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Term
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Definition
| a subset of a data warehouse |
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Term
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Definition
- The use of OLAP tools for the purpose of exploring organizational data with a goal of uncovering previously unknown relations and increasing predictive power of business models
- Data Mining relies on statistical tools that are powerful, capable of working on large data sets, and yet remain easy to use |
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Term
T or F?
All data in computing systems are represented by bytes. |
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Definition
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Term
| Web content management systems (CMSs) |
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Definition
Developed to help companies organize the presentation of their content
Ex. a web CMS would help companies standardize the look and feel of their website
They have really evolved - before, they would just organize documents for corproate websites but nowadays they actively seek out documents located across an organization and automatically manage access to this content |
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Term
T or F?
A database is very useful by itself. |
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Definition
| False: A database by itself is not very useful - although the data are correct, they aren't all that meaninful so we need database application systems to make this data more accessible and useful |
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Term
T or F?
Database developers use the DBMS to create tables, relationships and other structures in the database |
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Definition
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Term
| How would one modify an existing table - say, add a new column? |
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Definition
| The developer would open the metadata form for that table and then add a new row of metadata |
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Term
T or F?
Making a system usable by more than one person is accomplished simply by enabling computer connections |
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Definition
| False: You also need to adjust the logic of the underlying application processing too |
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