Term
| What is the name of white asbestos? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the name of blue asbestos? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the name of brown asbestos? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How many mineral types are there of asbestos? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the names of the mineral types of asbestos? |
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Definition
| Chrysotile, Crocidolite, Amosite, Tremolite, Anthophyllite, Actinolite |
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Term
| What is the appearance of serpentine class fibres? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a serpentine class fibre called? |
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Definition
| Chrysotile - white asbestos |
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Term
| Where can chrysotile, white asbestos, be found? |
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Definition
| Cement roof sheets, sheets or panels for ceilings, sometimes in wall plaster |
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Term
| What is the most common type of asbestos? |
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Definition
| Chrysotile - white asbestos |
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Term
| What is a amphibole class fibre? |
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Definition
| Crocidolite, amosite, tremolite, anthophyllite, actinolite |
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|
Term
| Which asbestos is most hazardous? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which asbestos is accounted for more than 95% of the asbestos worldwide? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the procedure for sample preparation? |
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Definition
Unpack the samples and carry out initial visual observations.
Record whether the sample is homogeneous or non-homogeneous.
If necessary, chemically treat the sample to remove interfering materials.
Conduct search of the sample and probe to find and isolate fibre. |
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Term
| What RI liquid is used for Chrysotile? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What RI liquid is used for Amosite? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What RI liquid is used for Anthophyllite and Tremolite? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What RI liquid is used for Actinolite? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What RI liquid is used for Crocidolite? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What colour is Chrysotile? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Colourless/white to grey-brown |
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Term
| What colour is Anthophyllite? |
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Definition
| Colourless/white to grey-brown |
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|
Term
| What colour is Tremolite? |
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Definition
| Colourless/white to grey-brown |
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|
Term
| What colour is Actinolite? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What colour is Crocidolite? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which asbestos is inelastic? |
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Definition
| Chrysotile - white asbestos |
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|
Term
| How to find the sign of elongation on a PLM? |
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Definition
| Analyser in, circle setting, plate puller out and should be a red tint. |
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Term
| How to find pleochroism on a PLM? |
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Definition
| Analyser out, circle setting, plate puller out and should be a white tint. |
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Term
| How to find birefringence on a PLM? |
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Definition
| Analyser in, diagonal setting, plate puller in and should be black tint. |
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|
Term
| How to find extinction on a PLM? |
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Definition
| Analyser in, diagonal setting, plate puller in and should be black tint. |
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|
Term
| How to find dispersion on a PLM? |
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Definition
| Analyser out, horizontal setting, plate puller out and should be black tint. |
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|
Term
| What is the morphology of Chrysotile? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the morphology of Amosite? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the morphology of Crocidolite? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the morphology of Actinolite? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the morphology of Anthophyllite? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the morphology of Tremolite? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of cancer that develops in the lining that covers the outer surface of the body's organs, linked to asbestos exposure |
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Term
|
Definition
| A change in colour to fibres that occurs when rotated |
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|
Term
| Where do asbestos deposits originate from? |
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Definition
| Crystallisation of molten rock |
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|
Term
| What is asbestos made up of? |
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Definition
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|
Term
[image]
What type of mineral is this underneath the PLM? |
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Definition
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|
Term
[image]
What type of mineral is this underneath the PLM? |
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Definition
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|
Term
[image]
What is the name of this unprocessed asbestos? |
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Definition
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|
Term
[image]
What is the name of this unprocessed asbestos? |
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Definition
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|
Term
[image]
What is the name of this unprocessed asbestos? |
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Definition
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|
Term
[image]
What is the name of this unprocessed asbestos? |
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Definition
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|
Term
[image]
What is the name of this unprocessed asbestos? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
[image]
What is the name of this unprocessed asbestos? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
[image]
What is the name of this unprocessed asbestos? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Blue asbestos, amphibole, most hazardous, 1.7, deep blue colour, straight
What am I? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Amphibole, 1.605, colourless/white to grey/brown, wavy What am I? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Amphibole, 1.605, colourless/white to grey/brown, straight What am I? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Amphibole, 1.64, greenish grey, wavy
What am I? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Brown asbestos, amphibole, 1.67, straight
What am I? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
White asbestos, serpentine, most common, 1.55, colourless/white, inelastic, wavy
What am I? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Which asbestos could cling to tweezers? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which asbestos could have pleochroism? |
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Definition
| Crocidolite and Actinolite |
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|
Term
| Which asbestos will have a negative sign of elongation? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which asbestos is most common in loose insulation? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which asbestos is most common in sprayed coatings? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which asbestos is most common in thermal insulation? |
|
Definition
| Chrysotile and Crocidolite |
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|
Term
| Which asbestos is most common in paper, felt or cardboard? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is pleural effusions? |
|
Definition
| A build up of fluid in the pleural space within the lungs |
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Term
|
Definition
| A collection of fibrous tissue |
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Term
| What is diffuse pleural thickening? |
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Definition
| Thickening of the pleural membranes |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asbestos fibres lodged in the thin membranes of the lungs |
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|
Term
| What is bronchial cancer? |
|
Definition
| Growth of abnormal tissues within the lung, more commonly tumors |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fibres being examined to determine the characterization |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| The change in colour of the fibres whilst being observed |
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|
Term
| What is the sign of elongation? |
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Definition
| The optical orientation of a fibre used to find the highest RI direction, views under crossed polars with red compensator plate inserted at 45' to the vibration plane |
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Term
| Which is the only asbestos to have a negative /fast sign of elongation? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Where can asbestos be found? |
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Definition
| Roof, exterior walls, pipework, ceilings, interior walls/panels, flooring materials, air handling systems |
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Term
| How often must air tests be carried out in the laboratory? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the definition of 'analyser'? |
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Definition
| A polar used after the object to determine optical effects produced by the object on light, with which it is illuminated |
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|
Term
| What is the definition of 'becke line'? |
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Definition
| A bright line formed in the image at the boundary between media of different optical path lengths |
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Term
| What is the definition of 'birefringence'? |
|
Definition
| The qualitative expression of the maximum difference in RI due to double refraction |
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Term
| What is the definition of 'dispersion-staining microscopy'? |
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Definition
| The microscopy of transparent objects that are in a mounting medium, the RI of which matches that of the object for a certain wavelength, but which has a distinctly higher dispersive power than the object. |
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Term
| What is the definition of 'Kohler Illumination'? |
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Definition
| A method of illuminating objects in which an image of the source is projected by a collector into the place of the aperture diaphragm in the front of the focal place of the condenser. |
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Term
| How often must air tests be carried out in the laboratory? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can leather swarf be mistaken for, and how do you get rid of it? |
|
Definition
| Chrysotile and ashing (burning) |
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|
Term
| What is the definition of Kohler Illumination? |
|
Definition
| A method of specimen illumination used for transmitted and reflected light optical microscopy. Kohler illumination acts to generate an extremely even illumination of the sample and ensures that an image of the illumination source is not visible in the resulting image |
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Term
| Which bulk samples have an intensity score of 1? |
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Definition
| Cement, insulating board, floor tiles, textiles |
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Term
| Which bulk samples have the intensity score of 2? |
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Definition
| Textured coating, vinyl floor tiles, soils |
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|
Term
| What is the optical staining of a fibre mounted in a correct matching RI liquid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the definition of dispersion staining? |
|
Definition
| The optical staining of a fibre mounted in a correct matching RI liquid |
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|
Term
| Which regulations do we need to adhere to for usage of chemicals? |
|
Definition
| COSHH: The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations |
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|
Term
| What does COSHH stand for? |
|
Definition
| The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| A lung condition due to high exposure of asbestos fibres, scarring the lungs. Fibres cause coughing, moving the fibres around the lungs causing more scarring thus reducing the ability to absorb oxygen |
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|
Term
| A lung condition due to high exposure of asbestos fibres, scarring the lungs. Fibres cause coughing, moving the fibres around the lungs causing more scarring thus reducing the ability to absorb oxygen |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What standard do fume cabinets need to conform to, and what type of filter needs to be used? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Leather swarf is very similar to Chrysotile, it also shows birefringence and similar dispersion colours. What treatment may you need to use to distinguish between the two |
|
Definition
| Ashing the sample above 400c will help determine one or the other, chrysotile won't burn but leather will |
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|
Term
| What are types of heated asbestos? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What checks must you do to check RI liquids conform to COSHH? |
|
Definition
| Make sure the RI liquids are within their stated shelf life and check for contamination |
|
|
Term
| What must you do when diluting acid? |
|
Definition
| Add the acid to the cold water to avoid aggressive reaction and splashbacks |
|
|
Term
| Which of the asbestos types are a sheet silicate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the asbestos have a oblique extinction angle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What standard do h-type vacuums need to conform to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 20. Under crossed polars with red tint plate inserted you observe NE/SW colours Blue NW/SE colour Yellow when a fibre is mounted in 1.700, this suggests the fibre is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the definition of Koehler Illumination? |
|
Definition
| Focusing and aligning plane polarized light to achieve optimum focus and resolution to observe fibres |
|
|
Term
| What is focusing and aligning plane polarized light to achieve optimum focus and resolution to observe fibres? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AIMS is a QC check which all labs have, why do we have them and how often? |
|
Definition
| Every 3 months, and it is a routine analysis of samples and to check that the standards of the analysis measure whether or not their performance is adequate |
|
|
Term
| Do you need a Walton Beckett graticule to identify asbestos? |
|
Definition
| No, because it is for counting fibres, not analysing them |
|
|
Term
| What is the definition of birefringence? |
|
Definition
| The numerical difference between a fibres highest and lowest RI, viewed under crossed polars |
|
|
Term
| Which types of asbestos are hydrophilic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of silicate is Amosite? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why would you use acetone when analysis asbestos? |
|
Definition
| Acetone can be used to clean fibres, usually dirty with bitumen, for better analysis |
|
|
Term
| Decorative finishing's may contain which asbestos and what percentage asbestos? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which asbestos types are hydrophilic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the definition of asbestos? |
|
Definition
| A naturally occurring mineral classed as a hydrated metal silicate, formed by extreme heat and temperature changes then cooled down |
|
|
Term
| Which type of asbestos was mined in Finland? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the definition of 'plane polarized light'? |
|
Definition
| Light waves in which the direction of vibration in the same for all waves |
|
|
Term
| Asbestos cement corrugated after 1985 contains what type of asbestos and what percentage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why would you use cold dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute acetic acid? |
|
Definition
| Remove calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate and calcium silicate binders |
|
|
Term
| If a material lets light pass through it more than two directions it is described as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the definition of Refractive Index? |
|
Definition
| The speed light travels in vacuum to that of a given material |
|
|
Term
| What is the definition of pleochroism? |
|
Definition
| Exhibiting different brightness and/or colour in different directions of light propagation of a fibres with orientation relative to that of the vibration plane |
|
|
Term
| Which type of asbestos was mined in Zimbabwe? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens to Crocidolite when it is heated past 400'? |
|
Definition
| It shows a positive/slow elongation rather than the suspected negative/fast |
|
|
Term
| What is the minimum face velocity of a fume cabinet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which non-heated asbestos types may be difficult to distinguish under the PLM? - How would you differentiate between the two? |
|
Definition
| Anthophyllite and Tremolite - Differentiated by their extinction angles |
|
|
Term
| What is the Michael Levy chart used for? |
|
Definition
| It is used to estimate birefringence using fibre thickness and interference colours |
|
|
Term
| Why was Chrysotile used for the manufacture of cement products? |
|
Definition
| High tensile strength, flexible, hydrophilic and inelastic |
|
|
Term
| Why is Chrysotile unique amongst other asbestos types? |
|
Definition
| Chrysotile is the only serpentine, a sheet silicate, hydrophilic and can be dyed |
|
|
Term
| What is the Becke line used for? - What would happen to it if the focus was raised? |
|
Definition
| It is used to observe the differences in refractive index between materials, the becke line moves towards the highest RI when the focus is raised |
|
|
Term
| Which standard do asbestos analysing labs need to conform to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which fibres can be confused with asbestos fibres? |
|
Definition
| Leather, cobwebs, macerated aramid fibres, polyethylene, talc, brucite and wollastonite |
|
|
Term
| What does it mean when asbestos fibres are anisotropic? |
|
Definition
| Light can pass through in 2 or more directions |
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