Term
| generaliations of speaking style |
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Definition
the pattern of choices a person makes to characterize or distinguish themselves
it is learned through imitation, learned responses and personal reference |
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| generalization of speaking style |
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Definition
elements of ones style tend to cluster together
such as things of clothing and apparal go togther
loud and speak fast go together |
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| generalization of speaking style |
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Definition
Attributions of style are assigned by recievers
you perceieve yourself acording to how you think others see you |
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| generalizations of speaking style |
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Definition
| our speech distinguishes our signitureThat is the group or pattern of decisions that characterize a person. Could be humor or a serious tone |
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1) it is not ana dorement(it does not dress up the presentation it is very much apart of it)the info is reflected in the style
2)the language is the most important element that determines a speakers style |
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Definition
| how does style frame a message |
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| using different language to describe something can seem different and mean different things the language frames meaning and perspective |
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| how does language frame a message |
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| a type of definition to establsih meaning such as a word llike unicameral |
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| definition offered in context joe was cultuarally illiterate |
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| this is a definition used to illustrate the meaning of the concept through an actual similar representation |
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| definitions made by comparing similarities and contrasting differences(making something look bad or good compared to moething else. like us canda is democracy |
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| definitions made by tracing the origins of the word |
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| term used with a word's dictionary meaning |
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| is the meoional responses associated with a given word often the meaning of a word refers to a relational meaning that emerges among language users |
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| comparison between two things to illustrate a relationship between them |
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Term
anaphora
direct and ironic |
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Definition
consits of the repetition of a word or some group of words
direct=a repeated verse to give transition and thematic unity(conveys a point strongly"i have a dream"
ironic=operates to change the meaning of the repaeated clause so eventraully it takes a different meaning(julias ceaser) |
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| juxtaposition of two contradictory terms casuing us to see them in a new way |
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reverse the structure of two successive sentences so that the meaning is shifted by reversal
jfk |
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| the question states a claim in disguise not meant to be answered |
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| words that have direct physical referent help to assist the reciever with visualizing the concept |
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| these words use other words or symbols as their referent |
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| a concise statement of a principle often in a form of proverb. |
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| the use of specialized or technical terms within a field of knowledge. There are both psoiutive and negative consequences |
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| to an outsider it creates confusion and exclusion. and feels like that they are not included in the conversation |
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| voice that places the emphasis on the subject of the sentence focuses on the agent |
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| voice that focuses on what occured and ignores the agent |
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Definition
| this is where the speakers language may be understood differently among various recievers |
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| why politicians use ambiguity |
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Definition
| politicians let their audience hear what they want them to hear never really fully clarifying it |
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Term
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Definition
this focuses on the power of the example, which resonates with the receiver.
ex. The story of a single person who is a crime victim and recovering alcoholic derives its power from the identification of the receiver with the story |
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Definition
| this may include vulgarity or explicit descriptions are included as a subset of vivid language |
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| statistics instead of vivid language |
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Definition
| when succintly sumarized and not overused can be a good describer of informatrion |
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Definition
| practicing your presentation through this outline |
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Term
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Definition
| should be used for presenting your speech |
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Term
| four basic functions of introduction |
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Definition
get audience attention
establish favorable rapport to yourself and topic
establish purpose
preview the major development |
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Term
| Functions of body presentation |
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Definition
develop the thesis by developing various forms of support
typically consists of 70-80% of the total presentation
organize subordinate/supporting evidence and claims beneath the major claims |
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| primary functions of the cunclusion |
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Definition
review the main points
bring the presentation to a close
make final appeal to audience |
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Definition
| refers to the common interests, values, beliefs, knowledge shared among audience members |
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| refers to the heritage, national identity, religion, etc,each individual person has and the way each person percieves normal practices |
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statements the audience regards as true
this is created by the individual perceptinon of the audience member |
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| conceptions of the desirable these may represent either the desired end we seek or the mean for obtaining them |
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Definition
"collection of interralated parts that function together to make a whole that is of a magnitude and order totally different from its individual parts"
these help to explain the dynamics that occur in a group and the differnt parts |
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Term
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Definition
| the product of the group is greater than the sum of its parts the group is creates more than the members would seperatly. |
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Term
| circumstances that reduce synergy |
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Definition
disunity in the group(competition)
some problems dont need multiple individuals to solve them
without engaging critical evaluation of a problem they are less likely to achive " " |
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Definition
| the expectations about members behavior these expectations are " " |
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| where the norms of the group appear from |
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Definition
| how to adress peer/superiors, etc |
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| norms that impact how a group performs tasks so violations of these are likely to result in sactions from other groups |
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| norms that are less important but their accumulation can become problematic for example the clothing someone wears |
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Term
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Definition
this is a reason for joing a group and its becasue we are in trested in being with people
proximity -physically near us
attitude-we share same attitudes
need complementarity-attracted to people that satisfy our needs |
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Term
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Definition
this is a reason for joing a group and its when we have a need for social affiliation.
include:
religious group
sports teams
clubs |
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Term
| commitment to goals and activities |
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Definition
this is a reason for joing a group and this is when people join to get things acomplished easier and more efficient
political activity
group reinforcement |
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Term
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Definition
this is a reason for joing a group and becasue others created it which include
instructors
bosses
p[arents |
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| what goes wrong when groups are larger the 15-20 |
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Definition
subgroups form-cliques
turn taking hindered-harder for individuals to participate |
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Definition
5-8 persons because
similtaneous interaction- more then one person can be comunicating with other group members
face to face interaction
avoids sub grouping
maximizes participation |
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Term
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Definition
| this comuniction model has a sender a message and a reciever and there is only one way flow |
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Term
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Definition
this comuniction model takes the action model and adds a feedback loop. this ia a response from the reciever also opened up:
channels mediums which messages are sent(senses)
encoding-process of translating a message to reciever
decoding-how the reciever interpreted what the source stated
dec |
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Term
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Definition
| this comuniction model assumes that multiple interactions using multiple. channels of comunication simoltaneously |
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Definition
| this is any interuption or distraction that prevents the message from the reciever. reciever may be tired, a band is playing, or the reciever is daydreaming |
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| why group comunication is transactional |
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Definition
| the comunication model of groups becasue multiple persons interac t simoultaneously, multiple channels are used, and groups act as sytems |
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Term
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| is the conceptual description of a broadcast message being transmited to a reciever, it is mechanical but can be applied to people |
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Term
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Definition
study of meaning construction
meanings are in people not words
language conveys meanings about observations |
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Term
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Definition
symbollic activities that convey meaning
65-93 of a messages meaning is nonverbal |
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Definition
| restricting " " shows interest or lack of involvement (involved with physical appearance) |
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Definition
| the meaing that is percieved along with the actual words use to deliver a message-how we say something |
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Definition
| messages we deliver through our physicalappearance and by our movements and gestures |
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| the ways we structure and use are affected by space |
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| the study of the use of time - manipulation of time is important with group dynamics |
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Definition
used for creative problem solving
the more ideas the better
all ideas are welcome
no criticism
hitchihiking on ideas |
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Definition
| restricting facial display shows disinterest or lack of involvement |
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Definition
| provides a small group presentational format in which the group can speak and listen to a larger audience |
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Definition
| a public format in which a group of four to eight experts discusses a problem or decision in front of an audience |
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| form of public discussion in which a group of three to six experts usually chosen for their divergent views discuss a problem |
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| provides a fromat for a series of two to six bried speeches made on differen aspects of a complex |
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| the transactional process of using symbolic behavior |
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| the way messages are transferred |
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| have a capacity to use and respond to a system of signifigant symbols |
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Definition
| hard to achieve because we are all influenced by our sets of experiences and assumptions |
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| a type of group where the basic social unit to which we belong(imediate family) |
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| a type of group in which it is formed for companionship, help with important issues, or develop skills |
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| a type of group concerned with developing new ideas and ways of thinking |
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| a type of group that is concerned with making a decision, solving problems, or dealing with specific issues |
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| found with representitives from many different groups sharing and coordinating oppurtunity |
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