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BSS ESC11 8-12 VOCAB
Chapter 10
19
Science
11th Grade
12/12/2008

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Abrasion

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Definition

The process of wearing down or rubbing away by means of friction.

Term

Alluvial Fan

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Definition
A fan-shaped alluvial deposit formed by a stream where its velocity is abruptly decreased, as at the mouth of a ravine or at the foot of a mountain.
Term

Base Level

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Definition
the lowest level to which running water can erode the land.
Term

Bed Load

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Definition
the sand, gravel, boulders, or other debris transported by rolling or sliding along the bottom of a stream.
Term

Carrying Power

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Definition
The costs incurred by a lessee to retain exploration and property rights after acquisition but before production begins. Carrying costs can include: ad valorem taxes on non-producing mineral properties, shut-in royalties, and delay rentals.
Term

Delta

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Definition
a low triangular area of alluvial deposits where a river divides before entering a larger body of water
Term

Discharge

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Definition
The volume of water in a flowing stream that passes a given location in a unit of time. Frequently expressed in cubic feet per second or cubic meters per second. Calculated by the formula Q = A x V where Q is the discharge, A is the cross sectional area of the channel and V is the average velocity of the stream.
Term

Drainage Basin or Watershed

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Definition
the entire geographical area drained by a river and its tributaries; an area characterized by all runoff being conveyed to the same outlet
Term

Flash Flood

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Definition
A sudden and destructive rush of water down a narrow gully or over a sloping surface, caused by heavy rainfall.
Term

Flood Plain

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Definition
a nearly flat plain along the course of a stream or river that is naturally subject to flooding/
Term

Gully

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Definition
 a small valley or ravine originally worn away by running water and serving as a drainageway after prolonged heavy rains.
Term

Headward Erosion

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Definition
The gradual wearing away of land surface materials, especially rocks, sediments, and soils, by the action of water, wind, or a glacier. Usually erosion also involves the transport of eroded material from one place to another, as from the top of a mountain to an adjacent valley, or from the upstream portion of a river to the downstream portion.
Term

Levees

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Definition
An embankment raised to prevent a river from overflowing.
Term

Oxbow Lake

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Definition
a bow-shaped lake formed in a former channel of a river.
Term

Pothole

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Definition
 more or less cylindrical hole formed in rock by the grinding action of the detrital material in eddying water.
Term

Solution

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Definition
the process by which a gas, liquid, or solid is dispersed homogeneously in a gas, liquid, or solid without chemical change.
Term

Stream Piracy

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Definition
A process of erosion where one stream erodes headward, diverting some of another stream’s drainage into its own channel. Also called stream piracy.
Term

Suspension

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Definition
a system consisting of small particles kept dispersed by agitation (mechanical suspension) or by the molecular motion in the surrounding medium (colloidal suspension).
Term

Water Gap

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Definition
a transverse gap in a mountain ridge, cut by and giving passage to a stream or river.
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