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BSN - AT Pharm Quiz 4
Test 4
21
Nursing
Professional
07/12/2010

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Term
Neurotransmitter
Definition
Chemical produced by a nerve and released when the nerve is stimulated; reacts with a specific receptor site.
Term
Limbic system
Definition
Area in the midbrain that is rich in epinephrine, norepinephrine, and serotonin and seems to control emotions
Term
Basal ganglia
Definition
Lower area of the brain, associated with coordination of unconscious muscle movements that involve movement and position
Term
Anxiolytic
Definition
Drug used to depress the central nervous system (CNS); prevents the signs and symptoms of anxiety
Term
Bipolar disease
Definition
Behavioral disease that involves extremes of depression alternating with hyperactivity and excitement
Term
Hypnotic
Definition
Drug used to depress the CNS and cause sleep
Term
Sedation
Definition
Loss of awareness of and reaction to environmental stimuli
Term
Schizophrenia
Definition
The most common type of psychosis; characteristics include hallucinations, paranoia, delusions, speech abnormalities and affective problems.
Term
Affect
Definition
Feeling that a person experiences when he or she responses emotionally to the environment
Term
Depression
Definition
Affective disorder in which a person experiences sadness that is much more severe and longer lasting that is warranted by the events that seems to have precipitated it, with a more intense mood; the condition may not even be traceable to a specific event or stressor
Term
Serotonin
Definition
acts both as a chemical messenger that transmits nerve signals between nerve cells and that causes blood vessels to narrow. Changes in the serotonin levels in the brain can alter the mood.
Term
Tyramine
Definition
An amine found in food that causes vasoconstriction and raises blood pressure; ingesting foods high in tyramine while taking an MAOI poses the risk of a severe hypertensive crisis
Term
Tricyclic antidepressants
Definition
Drug that block the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin; relieves depression and has anticholinergic and sedative effects
Term
Anxiety
Definition
Unpleasant feeling of tension, fear, or nervousness in response to an environmental stimulus, whether real or imaginary
Term
Attention deficit disorder
Definition
Behavioral syndrome characterized by an inability to concentrate for longer than a few minutes and excessive ability
Term
Narcolepsy
Definition
Mental disorder characterized by daytime sleepiness and periods of sudden loss of wakefulness
Term
tardive dyskinesia,
Definition
A neurological syndrome characterized by repetitive, involuntary, purposeless movements caused by the long-term use of certain drugs called neuroleptics used for psychiatric, gastrointestinal and neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease
Term
pseudoparkinsonism
Definition
A reversible syndrome resembling parkinsonism that may result from the dopamine-blocking action of antipsychotic drugs. Also known as drug-induced parkinsonism.
Term
akasthisia
Definition
A movement disorder characterized by a feeling of inner restlessness and a compelling need to be in constant motion as well as by actions such as rocking while standing or sitting, lifting the feet as if marching on the spot and crossing and uncrossing the legs while sitting
Term
dystonia
Definition
movement disorders in which sustained muscle contractions cause twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures.
Term
Extrapyramidal tract
Definition
Cells from the cortex and subcortical areas, including the basal ganglia and the cerebellum, which coordinate unconsciously controlled muscle activity; allows the body to make automatic adjustments in posture or position and balance
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