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| adrenergic receptors that are found in the heart, lungs, and vascular smooth muscle |
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| receptor sites on effectors that respond to acetylcholine |
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| groups of closely packed nerve cell bodies |
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| portion of the central and peripheral nervous systems that, with the endocrine system, functions to maintain internal homeostasis |
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| A substance that inhibits the activity of cholinesterases, including acetylcholinesterase |
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| cholinergic receptors that also respond to stimulation by muscarine |
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| cholinergic receptors that also respond to stimulation by nicotine |
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| “rest-and-digest” response mediator that contains central nervous system (CNS) cells from the cranium or sacral area of the spinal cord, long preganglionic axons , ganglia near or within the effector tissue, and short postganglionic axons that react with cholinergic receptors |
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| “fight-or-flight” response mediator; composed of CNS cells from the thoracic or lumbar areas, short preganglionic axons, ganglia near the spinal cord, and long postganglionic axons that react with adrenergic receptors |
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| a molecule released by neurons at the neuromuscular junction that causes muscle contraction. |
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| Any of a group of amines composed of a pyrocatechol molecule and the aliphatic portion of an amine that have important physiological effects as neurotransmitters and hormones, such as epinephrine, norepinephrine, and L-dopa. |
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| Norepinephrine is a hormone secreted by certain nerve endings of the sympathetic nervous system, and by the medulla (center) of the adrenal glands. Its primary function is to help maintain a constant blood pressure by stimulating certain blood vessels to constrict when the blood pressure falls below normal. |
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| A catecholamine hormone of the adrenal medulla that is the most potent stimulant of the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in increased heart rate and force of contraction, vasoconstriction or vasodilation, relaxation of bronchiolar and intestinal smooth muscle, glycogenolysis, lipolysis, and other metabolic effects. Also called adrenaline. |
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