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BSC 1101 EXAM 1
Bacterial Infections and Viruses
28
Biology
Undergraduate 1
02/01/2009

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Term
Chicken Pox Varicella zoster
Definition
double-stranded DNA
Spread thru contact of infected individuals
Vaccine
No Cure, rarely fatal
Term
Hep B Hepadnavirus
Definition
Double-stranded DNA
Spread through infectious bodily fluids
Vaccine available
No cure, rarely fatal
Term
Herpes Herpes simplex virus
Definition
Double-Stranded DNA
Blisters, spread thru skin-to-skin contact
Exhibits latency
No Cure
Term
Mononucleosis Epstein-Barr Virus
Definition
Double-stranded DNA
Spread thru infected saliva, prevalent in young adults, no cure rarely fatal
Term
Small Pox Variola Virus
Definition
Double-Stranded
Historically major killer, vaccination campaign wiped out disease, can be used as bioweapon
Term
AIDs HIV
Definition
(+) single-stranded RNA (two copies)
Destroys immune system, leaving individual susceptible to opportunistic infections
Term
Polio Enterovirus
Definition
(+) single-stranded RNA
Acute viral infection of CNS(central nervous system), Salk's vaccine available,
Term
Yellow Fever Flavivirus
Definition
(+) single-stranded RNA
Spread by mosquito bites, peak mortality rate of 60% if untreated, killed many during Panama Canal development
Term
Ebola Virus Filovirus
Definition
(-) single-stranded RNA
Acute hemorrhagic fever, attacks connective tissue, peak mortality rate is 50-90%
Term
Influenza Influenza viruses
Definition
(-) single-stranded RNA (eight segments)
historically a major killer, asian ducks, chickens, and pigs are reservoirs
Term
Measles (Paramyxoviruses)
Definition
(-) single-stranded RNA
Extremely contagious through contact of infected individuals, dangerous in adults, not serious in children
Term
SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) Coronavirus
Definition
(-) single-stranded RNA, emerging disease, commonly infected animals are bats, foxes, skunks, and raccoons
Term
Rabies Rhabdovirus
Definition
(-) single-stranded RNA
acute viral encephalomyelitis, transmitted by bite of an infected animal
Fatal if untreated,
Term
Anthrax Bacillus antbracis
Definition
in animals, processed skins
Term
Botulism Clostridium botulinum
Definition
improperly prepared food, contracted thru ingestion, or contact with wound, produces acute toxic poison
Term
Chlamydia Chlamydia trachomatis
Definition
STD, urogenital infections with possible spread to eyes and respiratory tract
Term
Cholera Vibrio cholerae
Definition
Human feces, plankton
Causes diarrhea, lead to death from dehydration
Term
Dental caries Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sabrinus
Definition
humans
dense collection in teeth break down enamel, sugar alone won't
Term
Diphtheria Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Definition
humans, acute inflammation and lesions of respiratory mucous membranes
Term
Gonorrhea Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Definition
Humans only, STD
Term
Hansen Disease (leprosy) Myobacterium leprae
Definition
humans, feral armadillos
Chronic infection of skin, spread thru contact of infected individuals
Term
Lyme Disease Borrelia burgdorferi
Definition
Ticks, deer, small rodents
spread thru bite of infected tick, lesion followed by malaise, fever, fatigue, pain, stiff neck, and headache
Term
Peptic Ulcers Helicobacter pylori
Definition
humans
Term
Plague Yersinia pestis
Definition
fleas of wild rodents, rats and squirrels
Term
Pneumonia streptococcus, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Haemophilus
Definition
Humans
acute infection of lungs,
Term
Tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Definition
humans, acute bacterial infection of lungs, lymph, and meninges
Term
Typhoid Fever Salmonella typhi
Definition
Humans, systemic bacterial disease, spread thru contaminated foods and water
Term
Typhus Rickettsia typhi
Definition
Lice, rat fleas, humans
major killer in poor sanitation
peak mortality rate of 70%
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