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| converts the variable into something that can be measured |
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| the factor that is being changed (level of aggression) |
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| the factor you want to study/examine/etc. (i.e. sex of the child) |
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| a specific group from the population |
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| choosing the sample through a random method (i.e. coin toss) |
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| analyses of a specific person or small group (i.e. migrant workers in San Diego) |
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| the study should represent the would outside of the experiment or investigation |
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| cues in a situation that make the test subject aware of an answer being right or wrong (i.e. Clever Hans) |
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| neither the participant nor the person collecting data knows the right answer or hypothesis |
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| the center value in a group of data |
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-able to be changed or adapted
-having a pattern |
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| a connection between one or more things |
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| correlation coefficient (r) |
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| calculated through pairs of observation and fall anywhere between -1 and 1. The correlation coefficient shows the direction of a correlation. |
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| using consistency to asses the validity of a measure |
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| whether or not the variable measures what it’s supposed to |
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| when you find correlations amongst data without and experiment |
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| a third variable is responsible for the correlation between tow things |
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| a test in which a variable is manipulated under the hopes of seeing a comparison |
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| experimental manipulation |
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| the deliberate alteration of the independent variable in an experiment to learn about it’s affects on the dependent variable |
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| manipulation of the independent variable |
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-randomly choosing people for a group in a study
-Helps to solve cause and effect issue |
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| the characteristic of a study that allows us to conclude that the manipulation of the independent variable caused the reaction in the dependent variable |
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| repeating an experiment to check for validity |
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| telling the participants what will happen as best you can so that their rights are protected |
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| telling the participants what happened and why |
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| statements that can be true or false depending on the situation |
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| individual cells that process information in the nervous system |
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| branched part of a neuron that receives messages from other neurons |
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| the part of the neuron that passes the message on to other parts of the body |
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| nerves that carry messages outward from the central nervous system |
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| nerves that send information from the body or outside the body to the brain |
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| neurons that are neither afferent nor efferent, but pass information from neuron to neuron |
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| cells that help support the neurons in the brain |
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| cells that act as a sheath and insulate the axon |
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| a brief change in the electrical charge of a neuronal membrane; the physical basis of the signal that travels the length of the neuron |
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| the voltage difference between the inside and the outside of a neuronal membrane when the neuron is not firing |
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| the voltage difference between a neuron’s interior and exterior that, if exceeded, causes the neuron to fire |
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-the time it takes to get back to the resting potential
-impossible to have an action potential |
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| when the inside is becoming more positive |
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| the sequence through the long axon as the action potential triggers multiple action potentials |
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-either an action potential happens or it doesn't
-always at the same strength or speed |
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-where two neurons meet but do not touch
-where the whole system is |
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| chemicals released by one neuron which trigger a response in another |
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| the presynaptic neuron’s process of reabsorbing its own neurotransmitters after signaling so that they can be released again the next time the neuron fires |
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| chemicals that impede a transmitter’s activity |
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| a layer of tightly joined cells that surrounds the blood vessels in the brain and filters out toxins before they enter the central nervous system |
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| the slow response system that has to do with all of your hormones |
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| central nervous system (CNS) |
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| peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
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| somatic nervous system (SNS) |
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| Controls the skeletal muscles and transmits sensory information |
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| autonomic nervous system (ANS) |
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| Receives information from and controls the internal organs |
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| mobilizes the organism for physical exertion |
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| restores the body’s normal resting state and conserves energy |
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| the brain region at the top of the spinal cord that includes the medulla and pons |
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| the part of the brain that controls muscular coordination and equilibrium |
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| the outermost layer of the forebrain |
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| one-half (left or right) of the cerebrum, the topmost part of the brain |
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| the area of the front of each cerebral hemisphere; includes tissue crucial for many aspects of planning and controlling thoughts and behavior |
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| the area in each cerebral hemisphere that lies between the frontal and the occipital loves; includes the tissue crucial for receiving information from the skin senses |
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| the areas in each cerebral hemisphere lying below the temples; includes tissue crucial for hearing and many aspects of language use |
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| the rearmost area of each cerebral hemisphere; includes tissue crucial for processing visual information |
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| functional differences between the two cerebral hemispheres |
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| the thick bundle of fivers connecting the cerebral hemispheres |
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| areas in which the brain tissue seems to form a a “map” of sensory information |
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| the pattern in vertebrates in which movements from the right side of the body are controlled by the left side of the brain and vice versa |
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| a serious disturbance in beginning or carrying out voluntary movements |
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| the inability to recognize a visual stimulus despite the ability to see it |
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| the result of certain right parietal lobe lesions that leave a patient completely inattentive to stimuli to her left, including the left side of her own body |
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| any of a number of linguistic disorders caused by injury or malformation of the brain |
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| the front most portion of the frontal lobes, involved in working memory, strategy formation, and response inhibition |
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| : processes such as making plans or overriding habitual responses that let the brain direct its own cognitive activities |
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| the tendency to repeat a response inappropriately; often a result of deficits in executive control caused by prefrontal lesions |
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| he capacity for the brain to alter its structure and function |
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| the operational definition should reflect the variable named |
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• Converts glucose into lactate for the neurons to use as fuel
• Helps control the way the brain develops and grows |
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-Prevent the transmitter from working by binding themselves to the synaptic receptor and blocking the transmitter
-Some speed up the reuptake process
-Both of these responses decrease the strength and duration of the transmitter’s effect |
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-The sympathetic branch: mobilizes the organism for physical exertion
-The parasympathetic branch: restores the body’s normal resting state and conserves energy |
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