Term
| What is the broiler breeder paradox? |
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Definition
| selection for increased growth results in decreased fertility |
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Term
| What is feed restriction? (might wanna discuss this with Benson or Fairchild) |
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Definition
| restriction of feed during rearing to prevent health problems and to reach better egg production |
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Term
| Why must we feed restrict broiler breeders? (might wanna discuss this with Benson or Fairchild) |
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Definition
to prevent health problems and to reach better egg production
such health problems could be associated with obesity/overweightness |
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Term
| Why limit the pullets for 8 hours of light during rearing? (might wanna discuss this with Benson or Fairchild) |
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Definition
| to regulate their eating and drinking |
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Term
| At what age are the birds moved to the laying house? (discuss this with Benson or Fairchild) |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are the sexes fed separately? |
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Definition
| they have different body weight targets, which are met by feeding different amounts |
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Term
| How are the roosters prevented from consuming the hen diet? |
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Definition
| the female feeders, located at the slats, have bars that are too narrowly spaced for the heads of the males, but wide enough for the heads of the females |
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Term
| How are the hens prevented from consuming the rooster diet? |
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Definition
| the male feeders are located in the scratch area at a height that’s too high for the females to reach |
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Term
| What happens to the ovary if the broiler breeders are overfed? |
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Definition
| may experience excessive follicular development, which can cause the production of double-yolked eggs and/or the production of more than 1 egg per day, which is undesireable |
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Term
| what causes double-yolked eggs and/or the production of more than 1 egg per day? |
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Definition
| excessive follicular development |
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Term
| excessive follicular development can cause... |
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Definition
| double-yolked eggs and/or the production of more than 1 egg per day |
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Term
| How many times are eggs collected per day? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Why must eggs be quickly removed from the house? (might wanna discuss this with Benson or Fairchild) |
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Definition
| to keep the belts free of eggs so they don’t break against one another |
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Term
| Why must eggs be quickly removed from the floor? (might wanna discuss this with Benson or Fairchild) |
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Definition
| because they can become soiled, and are likely to contaminate the hatch during incubation |
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Term
| What is the product of the broiler breeder operation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Broilers have been carefully bred and selected for what three characteristics? |
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Definition
-improved feed efficiency
-improved growth rate
-improved breast yield |
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Term
| One pair of breeders can affect approximately how many broilers? |
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Definition
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Term
| List at least three biosecurity efforts that are implemented to protect the health of the flock. |
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Definition
-change of boots and clothing
-boot dips to sterilize footwear
-wash hands before entering |
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Term
| What does “all in, all out” mean? |
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Definition
| an entire flock comes into the barn at the same time and is taken out of the barn at the same time |
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Term
| What is the technical term for a young female chicken before she starts to lay? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why, during the first couple of days, are the birds given high light intensity and 23 hours of light per day? |
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Definition
| yes, to encourage eating and drinking |
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Term
| What are two ways that birds can be sexed and separated? |
|
Definition
-the cloaca being everted and examined
-feather sexing |
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|
Term
| In feather sexing, which sex has longer wing feathers? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| If you sent 5,000 female chicks to the rearing farm, approximately how many males may accompany the females? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why are males and females raised separately? |
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Definition
| they have different body weight targets, which are met by feeding different amounts |
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Term
| How long might breeder chicks be allowed access to fully available (ad libitum) feed? |
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Definition
| the first 3-4 weeks or until they have reached a particular target body weight |
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|
Term
| Which diet, broiler or breeder, is more nutrient dense? |
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Definition
| broiler, because breeders are raised on very slow growth rates |
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Term
| Why is the broiler diet more nutrient dense than the broiler breeder diet? |
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Definition
| because breeders are raised on very slow growth rates |
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Term
| What does proper ventilation ensure to the house/flock? |
|
Definition
-clean air
-dry litter
-lower levels of dust, carbon dioxide, and ammonia |
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|
Term
| How much daylight (light exposure) are birds exposed to when they are young? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What time of day are hens provided feed? |
|
Definition
| early in the morning after the lights come on |
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|
Term
| What is an advantage of skip-a-day feeding? |
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Definition
| allows the birds to fill up their digestive tracts at each feeding and maximize their intake |
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Term
| What form of the feed is used in pullet rearing (mash or pellet)? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| When are hens transferred to the laying house? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When are the males often introduced? |
|
Definition
| usually about 1 week after the females |
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|
Term
| Approximately when are flocks photostimulated? |
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Definition
| after both sexes are in the barn |
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|
Term
| What area of the breeder house is the nests and female feeders located? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is it important that rooster breeders and hen breeders don’t steal each other’s feed? |
|
Definition
| because they have different feed requirements |
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|
Term
| How are breeder hens prevented from eating rooster feed? |
|
Definition
| the male feeders are located in the scratch area at a height that’s too high for the females to reach |
|
|
Term
| How are breeder roosters prevented from eating hen feed? |
|
Definition
| the female feeders, located at the slats, have bars that are too narrowly spaced for the heads of the males, but wide enough for the heads of the females |
|
|
Term
| Why is it important to ensure that hens and roosters spend time in the scratch area? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Why isn’t it necessary for hens to mate each day? |
|
Definition
| because they can store sperm for about 14 days |
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Term
| What do hens perform following mating? What might this behavior help? |
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Definition
| They perform a post-coidal fluff, which might help draw semen up the oviduct and help with fertilization. |
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Term
|
Definition
| removing the nonbreeding males and replacing them with young males that will breed |
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|
Term
| How might spiking a flock improve fertility? |
|
Definition
| the frequency of mating in younger males is thought to stimulate the older males to mate |
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Term
| What are some issues with overweight hens? |
|
Definition
-may experience excessive follicular development, which can cause the production of double-yolked eggs and/or the production of more than 1 egg per day, which is undesireable
-these hens can experience problems with locomotion and health |
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Term
| How are shelless eggs formed? |
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Definition
| the oviduct not being able to adequately calcify an egg; this happens when a hen lays more than 1 egg per day |
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|
Term
| What is wrong with “floor eggs?” |
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Definition
| they can become soiled, and are likely to contaminate the hatch during incubation |
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Term
| How can one reduce the amount of floor eggs? |
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Definition
| by eliminating shadows and periodically walking the barns to move birds |
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|
Term
| In what direction are the eggs placed when placed in tray/cartons? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what temperature should eggs be stored prior to incubation at the hatchery? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the number of chicks hatched per egg set |
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|
Term
| How is hatchability measured? |
|
Definition
| the number of chicks hatched per egg set |
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