Shared Flashcard Set

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Broadcast Performance
various audio/ camera performance terms
168
Communication
Undergraduate 1
05/22/2011

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Cards

Term
announcer
Definition
anyone who communicates over the public airwaves
Term
Name 5 Types of Broadcast Journalism
Definition
1) anchors or news readers 2) field reporters 3) feature reporters 4) foriegn correspondants 5) weather
Term
What are 2 types of field reporters
Definition
special assignment and general assignment
Term
what are the four divisions of sports reporting?
Definition
1) radio and television 2) play-by-play 3)play and game analysts 4) sports talk program hosts
Term
Name 5 out of 6 performance careers related to music
Definition
1) Announcers on popular music stations 2)VJs 3) Mobile DJs 4) Community radio DJs 5) E-radio music announcers 6)classical music announcers
Term
Name 2 performance careers related to public affairs
Definition
1) Interviewers 2) Panel Moderators
Term
Name 4 performance careers related to commercials
Definition
1) voice-over announcer 2) demonstration and commercial announcers 3) "Infomercial" announcers 4) salesperson on TV
Term
4 performance careers related to narration
Definition
1) documentaries 2) informative programs 3) readers of scripts for industrial or corporate presentations 4) readers of essays, editorials, feature reports
Term
Name 5 of 8 performance careers related to Special Programs
Definition
1) interview shows 2) phone-in shows 3) magazine shows (ex: 60 minutes) 4) food, garden, home repair, specialty shows 5) dance and music shows 6) children's programs 7) Game shows 8) Introducer of feature films on TV
Term
Name 5 courses that relate to broadcast journalism
Definition
1) journalism 2) international relations 3) political science 3) economics 4) history 5) geography
Term
Name 4/6 courses that relate to broadcast sales and advertising
Definition
1) business 2) marketing 3) accounting 4)sales techniques 5) sales promotion 6)audience research
Term
Name 3 courses that relate to sports broadcasting
Definition
1) history of sports 2)sports officiating 3) sociology of sports
Term
Name 5 courses that relate to weather reporting
Definition
1) meteorology 2) weather analysis 3) weather forecasting 5) geography
Term
Name 5 of 7 courses suggested for the general education of announcers
Definition
1) social/ethical/aesthetic/historical perspectives on electronic communication 2) the arts 3) social/behavioral science 4)quantitative reasoning 5) critical thinking 6) media law and regulations 7) writing
Term
name 5 of 13 basic topics to study for announcing
Definition
1)interpretation 2) articulation 3) phonation 4)phonetic transcription 5) microphone use 6) camera presence 7) ad-libbing 8) script reading 9) adapting one's personality to the broadcast media 10) foreign language pronunciation 11) control-room operations 12) video production and editing 13) writing for radio and television
Term
name 5 of 13 basic topics to study for announcing
Definition
1)interpretation 2) articulation 3) phonation 4)phonetic transcription 5) microphone use 6) camera presence 7) ad-libbing 8) script reading 9) adapting one's personality to the broadcast media 10) foreign language pronunciation 11) control-room operations 12) video production and editing 13) writing for radio and television
Term
6 areas of restriction in media (things not protected by the 1st Amendment)
Definition
1) obscenity 2) fraud 3) defamation 4) plagiarism 5) inciting insurrection 6) invasion of privacy
Term
Hyde's definition of Obscenity
Definition
offensive to accepted standards of decency or modesty
Term
Hyde's definition of Indecency
Definition
offensive to public moral values
Term
Hyde's definition of Profanity
Definition
abusive, vulgar or irreverent language
Term
Payola and drugola
Definition
refers to the acceptance of money, drugs, or other inducements in return for playing specific recordings on air.
Term
Plugola
Definition
refers to the favorable mention of a product,company or service in which the announcer has a financial interest
Term
How is bribery regulated in broadcast
Definition
it is prohibited by the FCC
Term
What should be corrected while practicing with equipment? (name 5 things)
Definition
1) note and correct annoying mannerisms 2)faulty speech habits 3)voice deficiencies
Term
Define Ear Training
Definition
Developing a critical ear as you listen to TV/radio performers to evaluate speech quality
Term
What is a way to practice nonverbal communication skills
Definition
practice in front of a mirror
Term
cold copy
Definition
material not seen until the very moment of delivery
Term
ad-lib
Definition
speaking off of brief notes, not script
Term
copy begins not as a _____ but as ___(more than one word)__
Definition
script... ideas in the mind of a writer
Term
5/11 things important to interpreting copy
Definition
1) general meaning 2) specific purpose 3) mood 4) structure [beginning, middle, end] 5) punctuation 6) mark copy 7) verify meaning and pronunciation 8) read aloud 9) visualize the listener 10) origin/background of copy 11) characterization necessary?
Term
Period (in copy)
Definition
dramatic pause/ending sentence
Term
Comma (in copy)
Definition
slight pause
Term
How to write question marks (in copy)
Definition
can be marked in beginning and end of sentence to alert specific tone
Term
quotation marks (in copy)
Definition
mark word-for-word quotation; don't say unquote
Term
/
Definition
(virgule) placed between words to approximate the comma
Term
//
Definition
(two virgules) placed between sentences or words to indicate a longer pause
Term
Purpose of underlining
Definition
stress a word
Term
How to make a question mark or exclamation point stand out
Definition
bold it
Term
^ v
Definition
(crescendo/decrescendo) increase/ decrease stress
Term
a script that features dialogue is usually structured with _____ followed by ______
Definition
1) introduction by announcer 2) brief dramatization
Term
define dialogue
Definition
conversation between two or more people
Term
name 4 ways to improve ad-lib skills
Definition
1) research your topic 2) keep material fresh 3) be eager 4) develop likeability
Term
Identify the 3 step speech process
Definition
1) diaphragm pushes air 2) air travels through the larynx/vocal folds make speech sound 3) articulators effect speech (lips,tongue,teeth,etc.)
Term
Words describing Pitch
Definition
medium, low, high, range, inflection
Term
Words describing volume
Definition
soft/loud, sibilance, popping
Term
Words describing tempo
Definition
fast/slow
Term
Words describing vitality
Definition
energetic, upbeat, downbeat
Term
Words describing voice quality
Definition
resonance vs thinness
Term
Words describing pronunciation
Definition
Term
cause of nasality
Definition
allowing air to exit through the nose, rather than the mouth
Term
cause of denasality
Definition
blocked nasal passage and often present when suffering a cold
Term
pronunciation
Definition
the way words are accented/inflected by a speaker
Term
articulation
Definition
the breaking up of sounds of speech into recognizable words
Term
What are seven speech personality variables
Definition

(remember P 3V TAP)

 

  1. pitch
  2. volume
  3. vitality
  4. voice quality
  5. tempo 
  6. articulation 
  7. pronunciation
Term
name 3 common voice problems
Definition
nasality, huskiness, sibilance
Term
what are the four aspects of speech
Definition
pitch, volume, tempo, and vitality
Term
mic fright
Definition
nervous energy that may cause an inability to perform properly in front of the microphone
Term
4/6 causes of mic fright
Definition
1) inexperience 2) lack of preparation 3) failure syndrome 4) lack of self esteem 5) lack of mental preparation 6) the way you sound
Term
Impromptu
Definition
no script, no rehearsal, no notes
Term
taking a level (give the 6 step procedure)
Definition
1)sit or stand silent in front of the mic 2) wait for a signal to take levels 3) rehearse exact position/posture you will recording 4) read from the script as you would recording 5) remain alert for hand signals to change 6) continue to speak through signals until everything is satisfactory
Term
Hand Signals: attention
Definition
simple waving of hand
Term
Hand Signals: standby
Definition
hand slightly above head, palm toward announcer
Term
Hand Signals: cue signal
Definition
point directly at person being cued
Term
Hand Signals: increase volume
Definition
one hand palm facing up, raise it
Term
Hand Signals: decrease volume
Definition
one hand palm facing down, lower it
Term
5 hand signals
Definition
attention, standby, cue, increase volume, decrease volume
Term
3 things to do to prepare to perform (performance checklist)
Definition
1) study script 2) isolate and mentally prep 3)Remind yourself to speak slow and keep going
Term
rip-and-read
Definition
news feed coming from a wire service
Term
stringers
Definition
reporters paid only for stories chosen by a stations news department
Term
name 3 of 5 news sources
Definition
-AP & Reuters - P radio news feed -city's wire service -telephone interviews/reports -phone beat/beat check/phone check
Term
sounders
Definition
short musical IDs/logos that signal a particular feature such as traffic or sports
Term
5 broadcast news sounds
Definition
1- actualities 2- wrap 3-voicer (report from a field reporter) 4-scener (usually live) 5-nat. sound
Term
How long is 4 lines of copy
Definition
15 seconds
Term
how long is 8 lines of copy
Definition
30 sec
Term
how long is 12 lines of copy
Definition
45 sec
Term
running log/ run sheet
Definition
list of program's order
Term
continuity book
Definition
notations of recorded commercials you'll play
Term
name 5/7 things you will see in the new studio
Definition
running log, continuity book, news script, elapsed-time clock, switches and buttons, equipment for playing sounds, light signals
Term
3 radio field reporter responsibilities
Definition
live coverage, actualities/voicers/wraps 3 occasional minidoc research
Term
voice actors
Definition
freelance performers often devoted to exclusively making commercials and station promos (bust most also work in doc narration, film dubbing and other voice work)
Term
What does Denny Delk suggest voice actors do to become more complete performers?
Definition
stage acting
Term
Similarity between stage acting prep and voice acting prep
Definition
spending time with copy to develop character
Term
rule of three
Definition
sharpness and punch of one's comments are diluted by going beyond three words or phrases in a given sequence
Term
One process used to remedy a stumble or slur in voice-over work
Definition
pause, say "pickup", pause again, begin reading from the beginning of the sentence in which you stumbled
Term
dubbing/looping
Definition
1) pace reading to match visuals in a commercial 2) tape or film soundtrack to match the lip movement and emotions of an actor in a film or video recording
Term
traffic/continuity department
Definition
play spots during on-air shifts in order scheduled
Term
4/6 tips for voice-over work by Samantha Paris
Definition
read aloud -have a clear picture of who you are, to whom you're talking and where you are -choose attitude before you choose character -deeply explore the character -listen to technical directions -remember technique
Term
7 categories for nonstandard speech
Definition
-rapid delivery -unusually low/high pitch -unusual voice quality -unusual personality type -stage English (sinister, pretentious, authoritative) -Regional dialects (harsh Texan, New England, folksy country) -Foreign accents
Term
daypart
Definition
specific portions of the broadcast day (morning drive, afternoon drive, overnight, etc.)
Term
PSA
Definition
brief announcements often for local activities (bakes sales, car washes, benefit concerts, etc.)
Term
name 3 tips for practicing delivery of radio commercials and PSAs
Definition
-practice reading aloud and recording 10/20/30/60 second PSAs (with a stopwatch) -convey the essential info in 10 sec - produce and record a commercial that requires sfx, music and dramatization
Term
Name 5 of 9 tips for an effective TV commercial
Definition
1- do dress rehearsals 2-understand and convey impression expected by sponsor 3-make movement slow,deliberate and economical with props 4-simulate actual broadcast conditions 5-adhere to time limits 6-look into camera lens when appropriate 7-practice switching cameras 8-do not parody unless asked to 9-communicate
Term
common problems with mic misuse in TV (4)
Definition
1- failing to clip on a lavaliere before beginning to perform 2- attaching the lavaliere improperly 3- clapping near the mic 4-forgetting to unclip the mic after a performance
Term
Hitting marks
Definition
moving to an exact spot in a studio or in the field marked by tape or chalk
Term
blocking
Definition
planning of movements to be executed during a show
Term
3 reasons it is important to hit mark
Definition
1- camera focus 2- shot composition 3- lighting
Term
robotic cameras
Definition
cameras that are preprogrammed to position w/ prefocused lenses
Term
telegraphing a movement
Definition
a subtle indication by a television performer who is about to move, stand, or sit/ Directors and camera operators need such warnings to follow movement effectively.
Term
cheating to the camera
Definition
positioning oneself to create the impression on screen of talking directly to another person, while presenting a favorable angle to the camera
Term
egg-on-face look
Definition
the strained look a performer who is trying to hold a smile while waiting for the director to go to black
Term
IFB
Definition
(interuptable foldeback)earphone worn by news reporters, anchors, and sportscasters. Instructions and cues are given over the IFB by producers and directors.
Term
moire effect
Definition
wavering or shimmering of the picture on a TV screen, due to patters of small checks or narrow strips on performers clothing
Term
flaring
Definition
flashes on the TV screen caused by reflection of studio lights or sunlight off some shiny object
Term
What is meant by achieving good working relationships? (3 examples)
Definition
- knowing when to raise concerns or suggestions about copy if you have them - knowing that the director/producer has the last say - not giving excuses for deviation from the copy
Term
where is the attention, standby and cue signal given during TV broadcast
Definition
near the camera
Term
break signal
Definition
physically mime the breaking of something in half (both hands at chest level)
Term
introduce-report signal
Definition
thumbs-up to anchor to indicate that a planned report from the field is ready to go on the air
Term
drop-report signal
Definition
thumbs-down meaning the report is not going to be introduced
Term
cut signal
Definition
index finger across throat
Term
slowdown/ stretch
Definition
pulling hands apart
Term
speed-up signal
Definition
rotate a hand in a circular fashion
Term
wrap-up
Definition
rotate both hands in a circular fashion
Term
three minute signal
Definition
three fingers held up and waved slowly
Term
two minute signal
Definition
two fingers held up and waved slowly
Term
one minute signal
Definition
the index finger held up and waved slowly
Term
thirty second signal
Definition
right and left arms crossed, or the index finger of one hand crossed with the index finger of the other
Term
fifteen-second signal
Definition
a clenched fist held upright and near the head
Term
ten-to-zero signal
Definition
all fingers on both hands held up and then lowered one at a time as the seconds are counted down
Term
give 4/7 competencies and personal qualities for news reporters and anchors
Definition
1- kill in interviewing 2- ability to construct coherent/compelling stories through script and editing 3- develop/maintain reliable sources 4- objectivity 5- effectiveness in public appearances 6- ability to create desirable image for viewers 7- pronunciation skills
Term
give education and experience needs for news reporters and anchors
Definition
B.A. with a major in journalism, course work in TV, English writing skills
Term
field reporters/ assignment reporters/reporters
Definition
reporters working outside of station
Term
correspondents
Definition
reporters stationed some distance away
Term
camtech
Definition
camera technician (comes along during news reporting)
Term
cutaway shots
Definition
reaction shots, usually of a reporter listening to a newsmaker, recorded at the time of an interview and later edited into a package to avoid jump cuts at points in the report where parts of the speaker's comments have been omitted
Term
TS
Definition
Tight shot
Term
CU
Definition
close-up
Term
MCU
Definition
medium close-up
Term
ECU
Definition
extreme close up
Term
MS
Definition
medium shot
Term
WS or LS
Definition
wide/ long shot
Term
OS
Definition
over-the shoulder shot
Term
RS
Definition
reverse shot (reporter listening to the person being interviewed)
Term
two-shot
Definition
shot with two people in frame
Term
SOT
Definition
sound on tape
Term
SLO-MO
Definition
slow motion
Term
VO
Definition
voice-over
Term
CUT
Definition
a brief recorded scene, an actuality, a voicer or wrap
Term
IN
Definition
indicates the words that end a sound bite
Term
OUT
Definition
indicates the words that end a sound bite
Term
SLUG
Definition
brief title given to a news story for i.d. purpose only
Term
TRT
Definition
total run time
Term
box graphics
Definition
pictures w/ or w/out words appearing in a rectangular box over the shoulder of the anchor
Term
wipe
Definition
occurs when one picture gradually replaces another
Term
4/7 news anchor working conditions and responsibilities
Definition
1- write or rewrite 10 to 35% of the copy you read 2- write teases and tosses 3- covering some stories in the field 4- prep occasional feature reports 5- work with a co anchor, ports and weather reporter 6- prep and deliver 1/2 newscasts daily 7- meet daily with newsroom management to discuss and help decide on the stories
Term
pronouncer
Definition
phonetic transcriptions of words and names that accompany wire-service stories
Term
stop set/ spot set
Definition
(radio) a commercial cluster segment
Term
list 4/8 tips for improving popular-music announcing skills
Definition
1- know the type of music your announcing 2- develop on air personality 3- cultivate a sense of humor 4- learn to operate audio equipment 5- practice announcing for several types of formats 6- practice delivering commercials, PSAs and station promos 7- practice ad-lib skills 8- learn to match music and chatter to a specific station sound
Term
working combo
Definition
(radio) performing both announcing and engineering functions
Term
other chores for small stations
Definition
selling commercial time, writing and recording commercials, producing spots for local retailers, performing routine equipment maintenance, and/ or reporting news and weather
Term
automatic gain control
Definition
device that detects sound and adjusts it accordingly
Term
name to alternative dj opportunities
Definition
Mobile DJ and karaoke dj
Term
difference between sportscaster for a TV network and cable sports channel
Definition
call far more games each season
Term
sportscaster for TV network v. sports director for small- or medium-market radiao stations
Definition
small/med- focus on high school, college minor-league and working for a specific team
Term
3/6 questions to keep in mind while interviewing athletes
Definition
what is the significance of the game? interesting rivalry/competitor? unique ability or strategy? hot or cold streak? unusual important game coming up? trades or free agents that are newsworthy?
Term
sports reporter duties radio v TV
Definition
radio: sports director is the sports reporter (live and recorded reports) TV: director = off cam, reporter = on air (one for weekdays one for weekends)
Term
play-by-play announcer
Definition
sportscaster who describes the action of the game
Term
play analyst
Definition
an announcer usually a former star athlete who works with a play-by-play announcer, providing insight and analysis of the game
Term
color
Definition
comments made by a member of an announcing team to add an extra dimension to a live broadcast, usually consisting of human-interest anecdotes and informative, amusing or unusual facts
Term
abstraction ladder
Definition
the fact that several terms are usually available for the same phenomenon, some precise and some general (avoid being too general)
Term
6 steps to prep for an interview
Definition
research, make it relevant, limit number of topics in the interest of depth, don't submit questions in advance, make notes on the intro and conclusion, plan a few questions for awkward gaps and to get things going
Term
7 things to remember about a guest on a talk show
Definition
make them comfortable, establish credentials during introduction, reestablish credentials through program, make the guest the star, remember the guest is the expert, don't preinterview, avoid entrapment
Term
graveyard shift
Definition
midnight on
Term
phone screener
Definition
handles all incoming calls during your air shift
Term
debriefing log
Definition
contains postbroadcast comments and evaluation of a guest's performance
Term
what are some things to consider during Talk show interviews (3)
Definition

background -- on guest, on topic topic -- of interest to your audience (know your market)

guest -- makes sense for topic (unique perspective, expertise,

star status vs. general conversation

Term
3 talk show interview responsibilities
Definition
transition to callers, commercials, 2nd guest, wrap...
“Producer on set” skills -- handle duties such as promos, thanks/credits, timing issues,
traffic cop (1 guest on, 1 off, even amount of time)
Term
3 talk show interviewer skills
Definition
  1. ad-lib skills
  2.  timing managment
  3.  “think on your feet” skills
Term
difference between TV and Radio talk show
Definition
may have to self engineer for radio
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