Term
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Definition
| superior lateral cornoer of breast tissue that projects up and laterally into the axilla |
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Term
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Definition
| site of most breast tumors |
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Term
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Definition
-located just below center of breast
-round, rough, protuberant |
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Term
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Definition
-1-2cm radius
-surrounds the nipple
-small, elevated Montgomery's glands
-has smooth muscle fibers that causes nipple erection |
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Term
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Definition
| sebaceous glands secrete a protective lipid material during lactation |
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Term
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Definition
-suspensory ligaments that support breast tissue
-contracted in cancer and forms pits and dimples |
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Term
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Definition
| contains lobes that store milk |
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Term
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Definition
-layers of subQ and retromammary fat
-surrounds the lobes (glandular tissue) |
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Term
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Definition
| >75% of lymph drains into ipsilateral axillary nodes |
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Term
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Definition
| high up in middle of axilla |
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Term
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Definition
| along the lateral edge of pectoralis major muscle |
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Term
| subscapular (posterior) node |
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Definition
| along the lateral edge of the scapula |
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Term
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Definition
| along the humerus inside upper arm |
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Term
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Definition
-extra nipple along mammary ridge (embryonic "milk line"
-normal variation, benign
-located on thorax or abdomen |
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Term
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Definition
-precursor to milk
-thick, yellow fluid
-same amount of protein as milk, but no fat
-rich in antibodies
-form and leaks at 4 months pregnant
-expressed first few days after delivery |
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Term
| lactation (milk formation) |
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Definition
-milk
-whitish color
-calcium caseinate and emulsified milk
-begins 1-3 days postpartum |
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Term
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Definition
-when male breast tissue temporarily enlargers
-feels like smooth, firm, movable disk
-adolescents usually unilateral
-aging male due to testosterone deficiency (bilateral)
-alcohol abuse, smoking weed, obesity |
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Term
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Definition
| slightly asymmetrical is normal (left>right) |
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Term
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Definition
-"pig skin" "orange peel" look
-edema exaggerates hair follicles caused by lymphatic obstruction |
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Term
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Definition
| sign of skin retention when suspensory ligaments contract (in cancer) |
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Term
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Definition
-elevate arm maneuver
-breasts asymmetrical
-cancer causes fiberosis to fix breast to muscle |
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Term
benign breast disease (BBD)
aka: fibrocystic breast disease, "fibrocystic changes" |
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Definition
-50% of all women have a form of BBD
-tender mobile, smooth water ballon masses
-6 characterisitics: 1)swollen and tender, 2)mastalgia, 3)nodularity, 4)dominant lumps, 5)nipple discharge, 6)infection and inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
-nontender, fixed, solidarity unilateral, hard, dense
-most common location: upper outer quadrant |
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Term
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Definition
| lesions in the breast duct (single duct, unilateral) causes serous or serosanguenous discharge |
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Term
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Definition
| clogged milk duct causes one section of breast to be tender, reddened |
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Term
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Definition
-caused by infection or stasis from plugged duct
-red, swollen, tender, hot, hard area
-associated with flu like symptoms
-treat with rest, heat, antibiotics, frequent nursing |
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Term
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Definition
-complication if mastitis not treated
-pus accumulates in one area
-treat with antibiotics and I&D |
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Term
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Definition
-normal: none except when breast feeding
-serosanguenous (pink): intraductal papilloma (benign)
-blood: cancer (malignant)
-clear |
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Term
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Definition
-central axillary nodes
-pectoral
-subscapular
-lateral |
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Term
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Definition
1. preadolescent: only small, elevated nipple
2. breast bud stage: nipple develops, areola widens
3. nipple still flush with breast areola and breast enlarge
4. nipple and areola form secondary mound over breast
5. mature breast: only nipple protrudes; areola flush with breast contour |
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Term
| breast development and menarche |
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Definition
| breast development (Tanner 1) --> 2 years later --> menarche(Tanner 3 or 4) at 12 y.o |
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Term
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Definition
breasts feel full, tight, heavy, sore (3-4 days before period)
breast has smallest volume (4th-7th day of period |
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Term
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Definition
-feels like rope, stringy
-mechanism: decrease estrogen, decrease glandular tissue, increase fibrous connective tissue
-appearance: decrease fat decreases breast size, droopy, saggy, flat, flabby |
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Term
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Definition
begins at 40 every 1-2 years
50 every year
74 earliest age to discontinue |
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Term
| maneuvers to screen for retraction |
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Definition
1. arms over head
2. push hands on hips
3. push hands together
4. lean forward (large breasts) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-supine with arm over the head
-palpation pattern: vertical stripe, concentric circle, spokes on a wheel |
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Term
| breasts feel like...(nullparous, after pregnancy, premenstrual) |
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Definition
-nullparous: firm, smooth, elastic
-after pregnancy: softer, looser
-prementrual: engorged (increased estrogen) |
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Term
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Definition
| supine with arm over the head |
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Term
| mass in the breast (characteristics) |
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Definition
1. location (1 o'clock, 1cm from nipple)
2. size (w x h x l)
3. shape (oval, round, indistinct)
4. consistency (soft, hard)
5. movable (movable, fixed)
6. distinctness (1 or more)
7. nipple (retracted?)
8. note skin over lump
9. tenderness
10. lymphadenopathy |
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