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brain and dreaming
brain and dreaming voacab
35
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
10/16/2012

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Term
Neuron
Definition
The nerve cells that handle the information-processing function. You're born with the amount of neurons you'll have in your life.
Term
Axon
Definition
Part of the neuron that carries information away from cell body toward other cells.
Term
Myelin
Definition
consisting of a layer of cells containing fat, encases and insulates most axons. Speed up transmission of nerve impulses. Makes sure there is no disruption of the neural communication.
Term
Synapse
Definition
Tiny spaces between neurons- lie between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of another.
Term
Dendrites
Definition
Tree like fibers projecting from a neuron, which receive information and sends it toward the neuron cell body.
Term
Neurotransmitter
Definition
Chemical substances that are stored in the tiny sacs within the terminal buttons and involved in transmitting information across synaptic gap to the next neuron.
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
Rounded structure involved in motor structure.
Term
Medulla
Definition
Governs breathing and reflexes.
Term
Pons
Definition
Governs sleep and arousal.
Term
Cerebral Cortex
Definition
Extensive, wrinkled outer layer of the fore brain; governs higher brain function, such as thinking, learning,and consciousness.
Term
Limbic System
Definition
A loosely connected network of structures under the cerebral cortex. Important in both memory and emotion.
Term
Hippocampus
Definition
Special role in the storage of memory.
Term
Amygdala
Definition
Involved in fear and discrimination of objects necessary for organisms survival.
Term
Corpus Callosum
Definition
Large bundle of axons that connects the brain's two hemispheres, responsible for relaying information between two sides.
Term
Parasympathetic System
Definition
The part of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body.
Term
Sympathetic System
Definition
The part of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body.
Term
Frontal Lobe
Definition
The portion of the cerebral cortex behind the forehead, involved in personality, intelligence, and the control of voluntary muscles.
Term
Temporal Lobe
Definition
Structures in the cerebral cortex that are located just above the ears and are involved in hearing, language processing, and memory.
Term
Occipital Lobe
Definition
Structures located at the back of the head that involve visual stimuli.
Term
Parietal Lobe
Definition
Structures at the front and to the rear of the head that are involved in registering spatial locations, attention, and motor control.
Term
Left Brain
Definition
Language/Speech/ Writing
Logic analysis
Term
Right Brain
Definition
Non-verbal
Visual/spacial skills
Creativity
Term
Hypothalmus
Definition
A small fore brain structure, located just below the thalamus, that measures three pleasurable activities- eating, drinking, and sex- as well as emotion stress and reward.
Term
Thalamus
Definition
The fore brain structure that sits at the top of the brain stem in the brain's central core and serves as an important relay station.
Term
Plasticity
Definition
The brain's special capacity for change.
Term
Circodium Rhythem
Definition
Daily behavioral or psychological cycles that involve the sleep/wake cycles, body temperature, blood pressure, and blood sugar level.
Term
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
Definition
A small brain structure that uses input from the retina to synchronize it's own rhythm with the daily cycle of light and dark; the bodies way of monitoring the change from day to night.
Term
Sleep Deprivation
Definition
Confusion, disorientation, delusions, and hallucinations.
Term
Beta Waves
Definition
Small, fast waves associated with being alert and awake.
Term
Delta Waves
Definition
Begin to appear in stage 3, stage 4 is mostly these; associated with deep sleep.
Term
REM Sleep
Definition
An active stage of sleep in which dreaming occurs.
Term
Auto stimulation Theory
Definition
Infants dream more if their environment is less stimulating.
Term
Freudian Theory of Dreaming
Definition
Dreams are a result of non conscious desires a conflict. We dream in symbols.
Term
Cognitive Hypothesis of Dreaming
Definition
Dreams are subconscious cognitive processing. We dream about our lives, our day.
Term
Activation Synthesis Hypothesis
Definition
Neural activity in the brain is interpreted and turned into a dream by the brain.
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