Term
| Online analytical processing (OLAP) |
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Definition
| manipulation of information to support decision making |
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Term
| Online transaction processing (OLTP) |
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Definition
| gathering and processing information and updating existing information to reflect the processed information |
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Definition
Supports operational processing
Sales orders, accounts receivable, etc
Supported by operational databases & DBMSs |
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Definition
Helps build business intelligence
Supported by data warehouses and data-mining tools |
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Term
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Definition
| collection of information that you organize and access according to the logical structure of the information |
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Term
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Definition
| series of logically related two-dimensional tables or files for storing information |
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Definition
| collective information about your customers, your competitors, your business parteners, your competitve environment, and your won internal operations-that gives you the ability to make effective, important, and often strategic business decisions |
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Definition
| contains the logical structure for the information in a database |
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Definition
| rules that help ensure the quality of information |
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Definition
| helps you specify the logical requirements for a database and access and use the information in a database |
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Term
| 5 important software components of DBMS |
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Definition
DBMS engine
Data definition subsystem
Data manipulation subsystem
Application generation subsystem
Data administration subsystem |
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Term
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Definition
| accepts logical requests from other DBMS subsystems, converts them into the physical equivalents, and access the database and data dictionary on a storage device |
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Term
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Definition
| how information is physically arranged, stored, and accessed on a storage device |
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Term
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Definition
| how you need to arrange and access information to meet your needs |
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Term
| data definition subsystem |
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Definition
| helps you create and maintain the data dictionary and structure of the files in a database |
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Term
| data manipulation subsystem |
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Definition
| helps you add, change, and delete information in a database and query it to find valuable information |
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Term
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Definition
| allows you to see the contents of a database file, make changes, and query it to find information |
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Term
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Definition
| helps you quickly define formats of reports and what information you want to see in a report |
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Term
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Definition
| helps you graphically design the answer to a question. (1) identify the files in which the needed info is located (2) drag any necessary fields from the indentified files to the QBE grid (3) specify selection criteria |
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Term
| SQL (structured query language) |
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Definition
| performs the same function as QBE, except that you perform the query by creating a statement instead of pointing, clicking, and dragging (select...from...where...) |
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Term
| application generation subsystem |
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Definition
| contains facilities to help you develop transaction-intensive applications |
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Term
| data administration subsystem |
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Definition
| helps you manage the overall database environment by providing facilities for… |
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Term
| Create, Read, Update and Delete |
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Definition
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Term
| security management facilites |
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Definition
| allow you to control who has access to waht info and what type of access those people have (remember CRUD) |
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Term
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Definition
| to minimize response times for large, complex queries |
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Definition
| for physically rearranging the structure of the information according to how you most often access it |
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Term
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Definition
| what happens if two people attempt to make changes to the same record |
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Term
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Definition
| how will structural changes impact the overall database...allow you to assess the impact of proposed structural changes to a database |
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Term
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Definition
| collection of information (from many places) that supports business analysis activities and decision making |
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Term
multi dimensional
support decision making, not transaction processing
only supports OLAP |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| software tools you use to query information in a data warehouse |
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Term
| query-and-reporting tools |
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Definition
| similar to QBE tools, SQL, and report generators |
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Term
| multidimensional analysis (MDA) tools |
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Definition
| slice-and-dice techniques for viewing multidimensional information |
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Term
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Definition
| subset of a data warehouse in which only a focused portion of the data warehouse information is kept |
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Term
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Definition
| displays key information gathered from several sources in a format tailored to the needs and wants of an individual |
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Definition
| function that plans for, oversees the development of, and monitors the information resource |
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Definition
| function responsible for the more technical and operational aspects of managing organizational information |
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Definition
| find or recognize a problem, need, or opportunity (diagonostic phase) |
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Definition
| (find fixes) consider possible ways of solving the problem |
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Definition
| (pick a fix) weigh the merits of each solution |
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Definition
| (apply the fix) carry out the solution |
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Definition
| making a choice that meets your needs and is satisfactory without necessaryily being the best possible choice available |
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Definition
| processing a certain information in a specified way so that you will always get the right answer |
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Definition
| one for which there may be several “right” answers, without a sure way to get the right answer |
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Definition
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Term
| nonrecurring, or ad hoc, decision |
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Definition
| one you make infrequently |
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Term
| decision support system (DSS) |
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Definition
| a highly flexible and interactive system that is designed to support decision making when the problem is not structured |
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Term
| model management, data management, user interface management |
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Definition
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Term
| model management component |
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Definition
| consists of both the DSS models and the model management system |
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Term
| data management component |
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Definition
| stores and maintains the information that you want your DSS to use |
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Term
| user interface management |
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Definition
| allows you to communicate with the DSS |
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Term
| geographic information system (GIS) |
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Definition
| DSS designed specifically to analyze spatial information |
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Term
| expert (knowledge-based) system |
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Definition
| an artificial intelligence system that applies reasoning capabilities to reach a conclusion |
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Term
| artificial intelligence (AI) |
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Definition
| teh science of making machines imitate human thinking and behavior |
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Term
| neural network (artifical neural network or ANN) |
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Definition
| an artificial intelligence system that is capable of finding and differentiating patterns |
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Definition
| specific application area that an expert system is built for (accounting, medicine, ect) |
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Term
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Definition
– a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information
Used to make ambiguous information such as “short” usable in computer systems |
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Definition
| an artificial intelligence system that mimics the evolutionary, survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem |
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Definition
| survival of the fittest or giving preference to better outcomes |
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Definition
| combining portions of good outcomes to create even better outcomes |
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Definition
| randomly trying combinations and evaluating the success of each |
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Definition
| software that assists you, or acts on your behalf, in performing repetitive computer-related tasks |
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Term
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Definition
| intelligent agents that search for information of some kind and bring it back |
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Term
| monitorning-and-surveillance agents (preditctive agents) |
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Definition
| intelligent agents that constantly observe and report on some entity of interest, a network, or manufacturing equipment, for example |
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Term
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Definition
| an intelligent agent on a Web site that helps you, the customer, find products and services you want |
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Term
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Definition
| operates in a data warehouse discovering information |
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Definition
| intelligent agent that takes action on your behalf |
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Definition
| learning from ecosystems and adapting their characteristics to human and organizational situations |
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Definition
| a way of simulating human organizations using multiple intelligent agents, each of which follows a set of simple rules and can adapt to changing conditions |
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Definition
| groups of intelligent agents have the ability to work independently and to interact with each other |
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Term
| swarm (collective) intelligence |
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Definition
| the collective behavior of groups of simple agents that are capable of devising solutions to problems as they arise, eventually learning to coherent global patterns (flexibility, robustness, decentraliation, self-organiation) |
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