Term
|
Definition
| mechanically/ chemically breaks down food |
|
|
Term
| what does the esophagus do? |
|
Definition
bolus of food travels down esophagus due to peristalsis
-2 sphincters to prevent reflux |
|
|
Term
| what does the stomach do? |
|
Definition
mixes food w/hydrochloric acid
-empties into small intestine |
|
|
Term
| where is the cardiac spinchter? |
|
Definition
| between the esophagus and the stomach |
|
|
Term
| what does the small intestine do? |
|
Definition
moves down chyme due to segmentation/peristalsis
duodenum
jejunum
ileum |
|
|
Term
| what does the large intestine do? |
|
Definition
peristalsis slows
-constipation
-rapid diarrhea
-bicarbonate exchange for chloride
*colon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
stores bile until defecation
-vein distention results in hemorrhoid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
expels fecal/flatus
-internal/external spinchter |
|
|
Term
| what does the valsalva maneuver do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does mass colonic peristalsis accur? |
|
Definition
one hour after meals
-should defecate @ this time |
|
|
Term
| how many bowel sounds should be hear in a min? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how much input should be taken in, in a day? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do antibiotics cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what can happen if too much sugar is taken in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| name some factors that influence BM's |
|
Definition
age
diet-low fat, fiber prevents constipation
position
pregnancy
diagnostic test- clean bowel, NPO
fluid intake- increase fluids
activity- promotes peristalsis
psychological
pain- decrease defecation
meds-narcotics/antichoiniergic (constipation)
surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no BM for 3 days
dry/hard BM |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hardened stool, wedged in rectum due to weakness/mental decrease
*stress decrease output |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
3+ BM
liquid/watery
can lead to F/E and A/B
-C.Diff may cause it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| watery or sphinchter dysfunction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
decreased motility
anesthetics
surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
can be internal/external
-due to CHF, liver disease, pregnancy, straining |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
position, output, offer fluids, privacy, excecise, report results
size, consistency, occult blood, odor, peristalsis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
temporary or permanent artificial opening
-bowel diversion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bowel diversion
temporary transverse colon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bowel diversion
2 stomas
proximal functioning |
|
|
Term
| name some other bowel diversions |
|
Definition
ileostomy ileum/color colostomy
-drains all the time
ileonal pouch
kock
antegrade continence enema (ACE) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. usual bowel patterns
2. stool description (Bristol)
3. specific routines
4. artificial aids
5. bowel diversions
6.appetite/weight
7. diet hx
8. fluid intake
9. GI Hx, Surgery, illness
10. med Hx
11. emotional state
12. excercise Hx
13. pain Hx
14. mobility/dexterity
15. therapies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
digital exam
fecal specimen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
total bilirubin
alkaline phosphatase
amylase
carcinoembryonic
fecal-tbs
-warm
-3-5 sit for fat
- no ASA, NSAIDS, viatamin C, meat, fish |
|
|
Term
| colorectal cancer screening |
|
Definition
| risk- 50+age, CA Hx, polyps Hx, black, increased fat diet, obese, inactive, smoke |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
endoscopy-direct, visual
anorectal manmetry- pressure
plainfilm-no prep
barium swallow/enema-contrast
ultrasound-soundwaves
CT
colonic transit
MRI-magnet/radio waves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| list some food high in fiber |
|
Definition
raisn bran
whole wheat
fruits
vegetables |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stimulation, saline, osmotic, emolient, bulk, lube |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gastric decompression
clean tech
levin/saline pump
dont clamp or vent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cleansing (x3)
tapwater (x1;hypotonic)
NS (safest)
low volume
hypertonic saline
soapsuds (SS)
isotonic (stays where you put it)
hypertonic (pulls fluid in)
hypotonic (pulls fluid out) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bag changed 3-7 days
1/8-1/6 in between stoma and bag
skin break down |
|
|
Term
| what drugs stimulate the vagus nerve |
|
Definition
cardiac and hypertensive
check before enema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hold enema for 30 seconds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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