Term
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Definition
| Made up of cells with dense cytoplasm and large nuclei. Only vegetative cells that routinely divide. |
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Term
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Definition
Where cells divide and elongate in to elongate roots and shoots in dicots.
Located at tip of stems and roots |
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Term
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Definition
| Increase girth (secondary growth) in woody dicots and gymnosperms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tissues that result from primary growth |
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Term
| Basal or Intercalary Meristems |
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Definition
| Located at bases of leaves or sections of stems (mostly in monocots). |
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Term
| Three types of primary tissues (immature) |
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Definition
| Protoderm, procambium, ground meristem |
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Term
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Definition
| Produces cork cells; layers in bark |
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Term
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Definition
| Produces secondary vascular tissue (secondary xylem and phloem) |
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Term
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Definition
| anchors plant and absorbs water and ions |
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Term
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Definition
stems-support leaves
leaves-photosynthesis
vegetative shoot-internode, node, leaf, and axillary buds |
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Term
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Definition
| parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma cells |
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Term
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Definition
outer covering-epidermal cells
epidermis in herbaceous plants and leaves
bark in stems of woody plants |
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Term
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Definition
conduction
xylem-water and dissolved minerals up
Phloem-carbohydrates from source to sink |
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Term
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Definition
| results from cell division at apical or intercalary meristems |
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Term
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Definition
| results from cell division at lateral meristem; pushes primary tissues apart. |
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Term
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Definition
Bean-shaped cells flanking stomata (pores)
open and close stomata |
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Term
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Definition
hairlike outgrowths
regulate microclimate |
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Term
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Definition
tubular extensions of epidermal cells
increase root's surface area |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| provide support for growing plant organs |
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Term
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Definition
provide support for mature plant organs
secondary walls impregnated with lignin |
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Term
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Definition
principle water and mineral conducting tissue
combination of vessels and tracheids |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
formed from vascular cambium
wood is accumulated secondary xylem |
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Term
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Definition
| principle food conducting tissue, located toward the outer part of roots and stems |
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Term
| sieve cells and sieve-tube members |
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Definition
carry out conduction of food
some sieve areas have large pores called sieve plates
sieve-tube member is associated with companion cell |
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Term
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Definition
composed of inner columella cells and lateral root cap cells
new root cap produced when existing cap is removed
functions in gravity perception |
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Term
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Definition
| Most cell division occurs at the edges of the concave dome (immature tissue types: procambium, protoderm, ground tissue) |
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Term
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Definition
| roots lengthen because cells produces by primary meristems grow longer than wide. |
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Term
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Definition
cells differentiate into mature tissue types (dermal, vascular, ground
epidermal cells mature, each with root hair
cortex produced by parenchyma cells
inner boundary differentiates into endodermis surrounded by Casparian strips composed of suberin |
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Term
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Definition
| All tissues inside the endodermis. |
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Term
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Definition
| parenchyma cells just inside the endodermis |
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Term
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Definition
| area inside of ring of vascular bundle in monocots |
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Term
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Definition
| single large root with smaller branch roots |
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Term
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Definition
| many roots of smaller diameter |
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Term
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Definition
| any unusual growth on a stem |
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Term
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Definition
| growth from stem out sideways (propped up) |
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Term
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Definition
| hang and absorb nutrients from air |
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Term
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Definition
| roots come from ground out into the air |
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Term
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Definition
| tap into phloem and xylem of trees ad other plants |
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Term
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Definition
| modified to store sugars/starches (carrots) |
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Term
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Definition
| bud produced by shoot apical meristem that develops into leaves, other shoots, or flowers. (axillary buds) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
space between nodes
elongation cell division occurs here |
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Term
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Definition
blade-flattened portion
petiole-stalk
-sessile:no petiole
-axil: space between petiole and stem
stipules-appendiges at base of leaf (stipule scars) |
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Term
| What tissue does the protoderm produce? |
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Definition
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Term
| What tissue does ground meristem produce? |
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Definition
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Term
| What tissues doe procambium produce? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does vascular cambium develop in woody plants? |
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Definition
| between primary xylem and phloem |
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Term
| Where does cork cambium develop in woody plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does vascular cambium produce? |
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Definition
| Secondary xylem (inside; wood in trees) and secondary phloem (outside) |
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Term
| What does cork cambium produce? |
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Definition
-cork cells with suberin (outer bark)
-unsuberized cells (lenticels) permitting gas exchange
-Parenchyma (fill space) |
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Term
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Definition
Fleshy leaves, knoblike stem
ex: onion |
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Term
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Definition
photosynthetic leaf
scalelike leaf at each node
rhizome |
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Term
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Definition
"runner" roots
ex: strawberry |
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Term
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Definition
nodes (axillary buds adjacent to leaf scars)
stolon (root)
tuber-swollen tip of stolon (potato) |
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Term
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Definition
"tendril" roots
ex: grape |
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Term
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Definition
| leaves are modified as spines |
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Term
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Definition
| have one vein that does not leave a gap when it branches from the vascular cylinder of the stem |
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Term
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Definition
| have several veins that leave a gap when they branch from the vascular cylinder of the stem |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| leaf divided into leaflets |
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Term
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Definition
| leaflets arranged along common axis |
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Term
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Definition
| leaflets radiate out from common point |
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Term
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Definition
alternate-one leaf per node
opposite-two leaves per node
whorled-several leaves per node |
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Term
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Definition
waxy cuticle that may or may not have trichomes
lower epidermis contains stomata |
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Term
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Definition
| tissue between lower and upper epidermis |
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Term
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Definition
| only in dicots, rows of parenchyma cells; where most light is absorbed |
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Term
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Definition
between palisade and lower epidermis
where gas exchange takes place through stomata |
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