Term
| What traits do bryophytes share with green algae |
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Definition
Chlorophylls a and b
Chloroplasts with grana
Plasmodesmata |
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Term
| What cell types in bryophytes have flagella? |
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Definition
| Sperm, need water to move |
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Term
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Definition
| The occurrence of a multicellular, matrotrophic (food derived from the mother) embryo in all groups of plants from the bryophytes through angiosperm |
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Term
| Both bryophytes and vascular plants have alternation of gametophyte and sporophyte generations. How do they differ in which is the dominant form? |
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Definition
| In bryophytes the gametophyte is dominant and the sporophyte is dependent on the gametophyte. The sporophyte is the dominant generation in all vascular plants. |
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Term
| What "pivotal" steps in the evolution of vascular plants contributed to their occupation of the land? |
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Definition
| Efficient fluid transportation, lignin, and root system |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Branched sporophytes with branched or multiple sporangium |
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Definition
| branched - only one sporangium. mutliple - many like a pine cone |
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Term
| Tracheids and vessel elements |
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Definition
| the conducting cells of the xylem. They transport water and minerals and also provide support for stems. Their cell walls are lignified. |
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Term
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Definition
| sieve tube elements and companion cells. uring maturation the sieve tube elements lose their nucleus. They are connected end to end with cytoplasmic strands passing through the sieve plates at their ends. Each phloem cell has at least one companion cell. Two are connected by numerous plasmodesmata and the companion cell metabolizes for both of them. |
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Term
| What gives roots and shoot systems the ability to branch? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| provide outer protective covering |
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Term
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Definition
| conducting tissues that transport water, minerals, and macromolecules |
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Term
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Definition
| provide support for other tissues, act as filler |
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Term
| Over evolutionary time the gametophytes of vascular plants have become: |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four phyla of gymnosperms with living representatives? |
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Definition
| Confiers, Cycads, Ginko, Gnetophyta |
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Term
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Definition
| have both stamens and carpals |
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Term
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Definition
| a plant with both stamens and carpals, but found on different flowers |
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Term
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Definition
| stamens and carpals found on different plants |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| produces egg and polar nuclei |
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Term
| What structures compose the apical-basal anatomical pattern in a dicot? |
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Definition
| Axis with shoot tip at one end and root tip at the other |
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Term
| What are the early developmental stages of a monocot? |
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Definition
| Globular, heart, and torpedo stages |
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Term
| What are the primary meristems of a plant? |
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Definition
| Protoderm, procamium, ground meristem |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| future cambium (xylem and phloem) |
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Term
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Definition
| precursor to ground tissue |
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Term
| What role does the suspensor play in embryo development? |
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Definition
Support development of the embryo proper - provide nutrients and growth regulators (from the female parent), especially gibberellins
Undergoes programmed cell death at torpedo stage of development |
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Term
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Definition
| used by embryo for absorption of food stored in endosperm |
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Term
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Definition
| contains lipid and protein reserves in seeds. Surrounds both the starchy endosperm and the embryo |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| function of the parenchyma |
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Definition
| photosynethesis, storage, secretion |
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Term
| function of the Collenchyma |
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Definition
| support of growing organs |
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Term
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Definition
| strengthen mature tissues that are no longer elongating (fibers) |
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Term
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Definition
| secreted when wounded; serve to seal the sieve plate pores at times of wounding, preventing the loss of the contents of the sieve tubes. |
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Term
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Definition
| alongside phloem cells; provide metabolic support because phloem cells lack nucleus |
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Term
| 3 parts that make up epidermis |
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Definition
| flat epidermis cells, trichomes, and appendages |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Function of epidermis cells |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| absorbtion, conduction, anchorage |
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