Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
encloses seed & the seed develops from an ovule within it
resembles a folded leaf that's fused at the margins |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
angiosperms
heterosporous
sporophytes dominant (highly reduced gametophytes)
divided into 2 large classes: monocots and dicots |
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Term
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Definition
dicots
some evidence suggest there are 2 distinct groups of dicots |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| modified stem bearing leaves |
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Term
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Definition
long receptacle
many spirally arranged flower parts that are separate and not differentiated into sepals and petals
flatted and numerous stamens and carpels |
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Term
| female angiosperm gametophyte |
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Definition
enclosed within sporophyte tissue and reduced to only a few cells
development:
8 nuclei form 2 groups at end of each cell
1 from each end migrates to cell middle to form central cell
remaining 6 nuclei form cell walls
egg and 2 synergids close to micropyle
3 antipodals at opposite end |
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Term
| male angiosperm gametophytes |
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Definition
consist of a germinated pollen grain with 3 nuclei
development:
takes place in anthers
4 patches of microsporocyte cells differentiate and each undergoes meiosis to produce haploid microspores
microspores undergo mitosis to form small generative cell inside tube cell
members of each quartet of microspores separate
walls becoems 2 layered
generative nucleus later divides to form 2 sperm |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma |
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Term
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Definition
| pollen grains germinate on stigma of same flower |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| mechanisms of pollination |
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Definition
| insects, animals, wind, water, gravity |
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Term
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Definition
development after pollination can only happen if the pollen grain is from a different plant of the same species and from a variety different from that of receiving flower
pollen tube grows between cells of stigma and style until it reach ovule micropyle
vegetative nucleus stays at tip of pollen tube while generative cell divides into 2 sperm
pollen tube enters female gametophyte, destroying synergid in the process, and discharges sperms
double fertilization |
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Term
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Definition
1 sperm and 1 egg unite to form zygote, then embryo
other sperm unites with cell nuclei producing tripload endosperm nucleus that develops into endosperm tissue
ovule becomes seed, ovary matures into fruit, integument becomes seed coat |
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Term
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Definition
| has calyx, corolla, stamens, and pistil |
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Term
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Definition
| corolla or other parts missing |
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Term
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Definition
| both stamens and pistil present |
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Term
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Definition
| either stamens or pistil missing |
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Term
| primitive flowering plants characteristics |
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Definition
simple leaves
spirally arranged parts
radial symmetry
complete and perfect
superior ovary |
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Term
| specialized flowering plants |
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Definition
flower parts fewer and definite in number
whorls=spiral arrangements
bilaterally symmetrical (irregular)
incomplete or imperfect
inferior ovary |
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Term
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Definition
bright colored, mostly blue or yellow
"lines"=honey guides to nectar |
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Term
| beetle pollinated flowers |
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Definition
strong, yeasty, spicy, or fruity odor
white/dull in color
some furnish pollen/food on petals |
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Term
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Definition
smell like rotten meat
dull red/brown |
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Term
| butterfly or moth pollinated flowers |
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Definition
sweet fragrances
white or yellow for night flying moths
red, blue, yellow, orange for butterflies
nectaries at bases of corolla tubes or spurs for long tongues |
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Term
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Definition
often bright red or yellow
little/no odor
large and party of sturdy inflorescence
lots of nectar
long floral tubes |
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Term
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Definition
primarily in tropics
open at night when bats are foraging
dull in color
large enough for bat to insert head |
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Term
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Definition
have pollinators among all types
modified petal resembles female bee or wasp to attract male bees or wasps |
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