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Botany 311 Midterm #2
Grasses
13
Biology
Undergraduate 2
11/06/2008

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Cards

Term
grass family
Definition

Poaceae

most important family to humans

wheat, oats, barley, sugarcane, rice, corn, lawn, bamboo, etc. 

Term
vegetative characteristics
Definition
  • linear leaves w/ parallel venation
  • alternate distichous leaf arrangement
  • base of each leaf forms a sheath that wraps around stem
  • stems (culms) ofter hollow between nodes
  • rhizomes and fibrous adventitious roots
Term
floret
Definition
bracts + flower
Term
grass flowers
Definition

sepals and petals missing

wind pollinated

small and inconspicuous 

Term
bran
Definition
pericarp + seed coat
Term
germ
Definition

embryo

contains vitamins

Beri-beri:defficiendies in B1

pellegra: defficiencies in B3 

Term
milling
Definition
grinding, sifting, polishing
Term
gluten
Definition
protein in cereal grains, needed to make leavened bread, traps CO2 production by yeast
Term

Barley

 

Definition

(Hordeum vulgare)

1st domesticated

used for beer, irish scotch and whiskey, malt 

Term
Oats
Definition

(Avena sativa)

originated as a weed

highest protein content of all cereals 

Term
Rye
Definition

(Secale cereale)

recently cultivated for bread

Eastern europe

Infected by ergot fungus 

Term
Rice
Definition

(Oryza sativa)

China

most important crop in the world

lacks gluten

seedlings grown seperately then transported to acquatic fields 

Term
pseudo cereals
Definition

often dehusked seed of an achene

Quinoa

Buckwheat

Chia

Hemp 

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