Term
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Definition
| is the caring for or cultivating of plants |
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Definition
| used for a more intricate process that inolves genetic alteration of plants brought about by human activities |
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| Five methods used to determine when humans changed from a hunter-gatherer way of life to an agricultural way of life |
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Definition
1. Finding fossil human encampments
2. Abundant remains of plants that are known to have been cultivated
3. Human skeletons can provide information about the kinds of plants eaten
4. Fossilized plant material in archaeological digs that differ significantly from natural plants in the area
5. Changes in plant characters such as seed size or fruit morphology |
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| Three types of plant remains that can be used to ID plant speices |
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Definition
1. pollen grains
2. phytoliths
3. starch grains |
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Term
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Definition
absorb water and nutrients from soil
anchor plant in soil
provide stability |
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Term
| Two functions of underground stems |
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Definition
1. asexual reproduction
2. food storage |
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Term
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Definition
radicle
first plant part to emerge from the seed |
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Definition
| can produce lateral roots that can branch out |
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Term
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Definition
dominant cenral root with lateral or secondary roos
main way nutrients and water come to plant |
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Definition
food storage
as winter approaches plants transport sugars into this root which becomes swollen |
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Definition
| formed when the initial root dies and new roots emerge from tissue at base of plant |
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Definition
| produced by stem rather than root tissue |
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Definition
| swollen underground stem that grows horizontally |
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Term
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Definition
| spherical underground storage stems |
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Term
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Definition
| vertically compressed underground stems encased in dry leaves |
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Definition
| provides energy for sprouting next season |
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Definition
produced continually
take up aqueous solution |
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Term
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Definition
protect cells of the root apical meristem
continually being renewed |
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Term
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Definition
encircles the roots conductive tissues
important in the formation of new roots |
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Term
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Definition
surrounds the pericycle
impregnanted with suberin |
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Term
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Definition
| complex waxy molecule that repels water |
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Term
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Definition
surrounds the endodermis
thick layer of unspecialized cells |
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Definition
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| Two basic functions of aerial stems |
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Definition
food storage
vegetative propagation |
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Term
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Definition
| vascular plant tissue that conducts water and solutes |
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Term
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Definition
| principle food conducting tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| clusters of cells that have the ability to divide and form more cells |
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Term
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Definition
| part of a stem which one or more leaves are attached |
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Term
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Definition
part of a stem between nodes
area where leaves don't emerge |
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Term
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Definition
| in the embryo and continue to divide thru plants life |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| region at the tips of stems or roots where they will divide into major stem and root tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| cluster of undifferentiated cells in stems and roots of plants that leads to growth in girth |
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Term
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Definition
| extend length of plant above and below ground |
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Term
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Definition
| invovles lateral growth outwards |
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Term
| Primary function of leaves |
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Definition
| serve as the sites of photosynthesis |
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Term
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Definition
function is to move gases in and out of leaves
can be found on both surfaces of leaf |
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Term
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Definition
| little openings on stomates where gas exchange occurs |
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Term
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Definition
determines where lead begins
found above crescent shaped scars on recently shedded leaves- this indicates its a stem rather than a root |
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Term
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Definition
they have no axillary buds
arise form pericycle cells
as they divide they form protuberances that push they cortex and epidermis |
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Term
| Native regions of Manioc and of sweet potatoes? |
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Definition
brazil
central/south america |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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| Beets edible part and what type of crop? |
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Definition
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Term
| What family is Broccoli (biennial root crop) from and which part is edible? |
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Definition
Cabbage family
large flower head |
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Term
| What family is brussel sprouts (biennial root crop) from and why is it grown? |
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Definition
cabbage family
grown for its edible buds |
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Term
| Cabbage (biennial root) is apart of what family? |
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Definition
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Term
Which part of these biennial root crop plants is consumed?
Carrot
Cauliflower
Celery |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
starchy tubers
root crop
rhizomes |
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Term
| Egyptians ate and valued which parts of the sweet radish |
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Definition
ate the roots
and valued the radish seed oil |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
large attractive foilage
one of the words richest starch sources |
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Term
| Chives have what property? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sugar Cane in New World History |
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Definition
-slavery
-plantations
-modern technology replaced slaves |
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Term
| Who was involved in the American Sugar Triangle? |
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Definition
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Term
| Current issues surrounding sugar cane? |
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Definition
modern rise in sugar consumption
excessive consumption leading to health problems |
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Term
| Artifical selection impacts on sugar beets |
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Definition
-increased sugar content in sugar beets
-thanks to Napoleon realizing the value
-went from 6% in 18th century to more than 20% sugar content today |
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Term
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Definition
-staple food
-50% global production in africa
-predominantly starch
-ideal crop for tropical regions
-grows well in arid and wet climates
-resistant to most pests
-high yield per acre |
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Term
| Roots of Cassava contain two cyanogenic glycosides |
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Definition
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Term
Roots of Cassava that have little or no glycosides as known as?
Those with glycosides are called? |
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Definition
Sweet maniocs
Bitter maniocs |
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Term
| Cultivation, harvesting and processing of Cassava |
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Definition
-clear ground and insert stems
-harvested in about 18 months
-roots are shredded and pressed
-soggy mass is drained and sits overnight
-drained manioc pulp can be dried and powered |
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Term
| Number of edible plant genus and species? |
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Definition
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Term
| number of genus and species eaten historically? |
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Definition
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Term
| number of genus and species that are commercially important now? |
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Definition
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Term
| Current issue surrounding the cultivation of the Irish potato? |
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Definition
pathogen in tubers
nematodes, fungi, and viroids |
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