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Bones
Musculoskeletal System
47
Medical
Undergraduate 1
02/26/2014

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

 

 

acetabulum

Definition

 

 

 

 

Rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis that joins the femur (thigh bone), forming the hip joint.

Term

 

 

 

 

acromion

 

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder. It overlies the shoulder joint and articulates with the clavicle.

Term



Articular cartilage bone

Definition

 

 

 

 

Thin layer of cartilage covering the bone in the joint space.

Term



Bone Depression

Definition

 

 

 

Opening or hollow region serving as a connection for bones, or passgeways for blood vessels and nerves. Examples: fissure, foramen, fossa, and sinus.

Term



Bone process

Definition

 

 

 

Enlarged area that extends from the bone as an attachment for muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Examples: bone head, condyle, epicondyle, trochanter, tubercle, and truberosity.

Term



calcium

Definition

 

 

 

 

One of the mineral constituents of bone. Calcium phosphate is the major calcium salt in bones.

Term



Cancellous bone

Definition

 

 

 

 

Spongy, porous, bone tissue in the inner part of the bone.

Term



Cartilage

Definition

 

 

 

 

Flexible, rubbery connective tissue. It is found in the immature skeleton, at the epiphyseal growth plate, and on joint surfaces.

Term



Collagen

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissues.

Term



Compact bone

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Hard, dense bone tissue, usually found around the outer portion of bones.

Term



Cranial bone

Definition

 

 

 

 

Skull bones: ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal.

Term



Diaphysis

Definition

 

 

 

 

Shaft, or mid-portion, of a long bone.

Term



Disk (disc)

Definition

 

 

 

 

Flat, round, plate-like structure. An intervertebral disk is a fibrocartilaginous substance between two vertebrae.

Term



Epiphyseal plate

Definition

 

 

 

 

Cartilaginous area at the end of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton.

Term



Epiphysis

Definition

 

 

 

 

Each end of a long bone; the area beyond the epiphyseal plate.

Term



Facial bones

Definition

 

 

 

 

Bones of the face: lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer and zygomatic.

Term



Fontanelle

Definition

 

 

 

 

Soft spot (incomplete bone formation) between the skull bones of an infant.

Term



Foramen magnum

Definition

 

 

 

 

Opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.

Term



Haversian canals

Definition

 

 

 

 

Minute spaces filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone.

Term



Ligament

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Fibrous tissue connecting bones to other bones.

Term



Malleolus

Definition

 

 

 

 

Round process on both sides of the ankle joint. The lateral malleolus is part of the fibula, and the medial malleolus is part of the tibia.

Term



Manubrium

Definition

 

 

 

 

Upper portion of the sternum; articulates with the medial aspect of the clavicle.

Term



Mastoid process

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear.

Term



Medullary cavity

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Central, hollowed-out area in the shaft of a long bone.

Term



Metaphysis

Definition

 

 

 

 

Flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis (shaft) and the epiphyseal plate.

Term



Olecranon

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Large process on the proximal end of the ulna; the point of the flexed elbow.

Term



Orthopedist

Definition

 

 

 

 

Medical doctor who specializes in bone, joint, and muscle conditions.

Term



Osseous tissue

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Bone tissue.

Term



Ossification

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Process of bone formation.

Term



Osteoblast

Definition

 

 

 

 

Bone cell that helps form bony tissue.

Term



Osteoclast

Definition

 

 

 

 

Bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue.

Term



Periosteum

Definition

 

 

 

 

Membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue.

Term



Phosphorus

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium.

Term



Physiatrist

Definition

 

 

 

 

Medical doctor specializing in rehabilitation.

Term



Pubic symphysis

Definition

 

 

 

 

Area of confluence (coming together) of the two pubic bones in the pelvis. They are joined by a fibrocartilaginous disk.

Term



Red bone marrow

Definition

 

 

 

 

Found in cancellous bone; scite of hematopoiesis.

Term



Ribs

Definition

 

 

 

 

12 pairs of curved bones that form the chest wall.

True ribs are first 7 pairs.

False ribs are pairs 8-10.

Floating ribs are pairs 11and 12.

Term



Sella turcica

Definition

 

 

 

 

Depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located.

Term



Sinus

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Hollow air cavity within a bone.

Term



Styloid process

Definition

 

 

 

 

Pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull.

Term



Suture

Definition

 

 

 

 

Immovable joint between bones, such as the skull (cranium).

Term



Temporomandibualar joint

Definition

 

 

 

 

Connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone of the skull and the mandibular bone of the jaw.

Term



Tendon

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Fibrous connective tissue connecting muscles and bones.

Term



Trabeculae

Definition

 

 

 

 

Supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous (spongy) bone.

Term



Vertebra

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Individual segment of the spine composed of the vertebral body. vertebral arch, spinous process, transverse process, and lamina enclosing the neural canal.

Term



Xiphoid process

Definition

 

 

 

 

Lower, narrow prtion of the sternum.

Term



Yellow bone marrow

Definition

 

 

 

 

Fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bones.

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