Term
| Skeletal System Functions (5) |
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Definition
*Support
*Storage of Minerals and Lipids
*Blood Cell Production
*Protection
*Movement |
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Term
| How many bones are in the human body??? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are bones classified? |
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Definition
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Term
| Shape Classifications of bones |
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Definition
| *Long Bones (Femur) *Short Bones (Carpal, Tarsal) *Flat Bones (sternum) *Irregular bones (vertebrae) *Sesamoin (Patella) *Sutural (Skull) |
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Term
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Definition
| *Epiphysis *Diaphysis *Metaphysis |
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Term
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Definition
| End of bones; *Spongy bone covered by compact bone |
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Term
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Definition
| Long Shaft; *Marrow cavity surrounded by compact bone *Yellow and Red Bone marrow (In certain bones like sternum, vertabrea, and long bones) |
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Definition
| connects diaphysis to epiphysis |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Collagen and calcium salts |
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Term
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Definition
| *Osteoproginators *Osteoblasts *Osteocytes *Osteoclasts |
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Term
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Definition
*Bone Stem Cells
*In periosteum and endosteum |
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Term
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Definition
| *outside and inside of bone |
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Term
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Definition
*Produce Matrix (osteogenesis)
*When surrounded by matrix becomes osteocyte |
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Term
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Definition
*Mature Bone Cell
*Surrounded by calcified matrix |
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Term
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Definition
*Multinucleated
*(from monocytes)
*Regulate Blood Ca(2+) by dissoving Ca(2+) salts in bones |
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Term
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Definition
*Compact bone
*Spongy bone |
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Term
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Definition
*Osteons in Haversian System
*Canaliculi |
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Term
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Definition
*pores for interstitial fluid
*Thickest at area of stress
*Superficial layer covered by periosteum |
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Term
| Osteons in Haversian System = |
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Definition
| *osteocytes around central canal with blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
*No osteons or blood vessels
*Trabeculae
*endosteum
*Crossing branches help with bone stresses |
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Term
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Definition
| *branching network that receives nutrients from canaliculi |
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Term
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Definition
*Bone Growth
*Starts at hyaline cartilage and gradually replaced by bone |
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Term
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Definition
| *laying down of calcium salts |
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Term
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Definition
*Blood vessels
*Endosteum OR periosteum
*Osteogenesis |
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Term
| Blood vessels __________(in bone repair) |
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Definition
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Term
| Endosteum OR Periosteum produce (bone repair) |
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Definition
| produce chondrocytes to form collagen |
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Term
| Osteogensis Occurs as (bone repair) |
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Definition
| cartilage is replaced by bone |
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Term
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Definition
*Adequate Ca(2+) and phosphorus in diet
*Calcitrol
*Vitamin C
*Vitamens A,K,B12
*Growth hormone
*Sex Hormones
*Calcitonin
*PTH |
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Term
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Definition
*Hormone made by Kidneys
*Controls Ca/P absorption in digestive system
*D3 required for calcitrol synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| *for enzymes associated with collagen synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| *for enzymes associated with proteins in bone |
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Term
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Definition
| *(pituitary) and thyroxin (thyroid) stimulate bone growth |
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Term
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Definition
| *androgen and estrogen stimulate increase in rate of bone growth |
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Term
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Definition
| Hormone (thyoid) that inhibits osteoclast activity and increases excretion of Ca(2+) in urine to lower Ca(2+)in blood |
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Term
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Definition
| *stimulates osteoclast activity and effect of calcitrol on intestine AND decreases rate of Ca(2+) excretion in kidneys to increase Ca(2+) in blood |
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Term
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Definition
*Axial Skeleton
*Appendicular Skeleton |
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Term
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Definition
*Skull, vertebrae, thorasic cage
*Protects Vital Organs |
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Term
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Definition
*Pectoral Girdle, upper limbs, Pelvic girdle, Lower Limbs
*movement |
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Term
| Articulations (joints) is what? |
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Definition
| Where two bones come together |
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Term
| Articulations classified as |
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Definition
*Synarthosis
*amphiarthrosis
*diarthrosis |
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Term
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Definition
*Immovable Suture = skull
*Gomphosis = Tooth or Socket
*Synchondrosis = Sternum -> ribs
*Synostosis= bones fuse
*Frontal Bone |
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Term
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Definition
*Slightly moveable
*Syndesmosis = Connected by ligament (tibia fibula)
*Symphysis = connected by Wedge/Pad of fibrocartilage (vertebrae) |
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Term
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Definition
| *Freely Movable = Synovial joints |
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Term
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Definition
*Gliding Joint
*Hinge Joint
*Pivot Joints
*Ellipsoidal joints
*Saddle Joints
*Ball and Socket |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
*Concave/convex
*phalanges, metacarpals |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
*Round head in cup
*Rotate
*Hip and shoulder |
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Term
| What surrounds Synovial Joints? |
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Definition
| Articular capsule surrounds joint |
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Term
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Definition
*Synovial fluid
*Cartilage
*Fat pads
*Ligaments
*Tendons
*Bursae |
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Term
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Definition
*Like interstitial fluid
*thicker |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| *Localized fat (in capsule) serves as filler during movement |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| *Connective tissue with synovial fluid where tendons/ligaments rub against other tissues |
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