Term
|
Definition
| Most are idiopathic or follow corticosteriod administration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involve the marrow and cancellous bone |
|
|
Term
| Dead bone is recognized by its |
|
Definition
| empty lacunae surrounded by necrotic adipocytes and the formation of calcium soaps |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| osteoclast reabsorb the necrotic trabeculae but remain as scaffolding for new bone formation |
|
|
Term
| Subcondrial infarcts can lead to |
|
Definition
| collapse of necrotic bone and distortion and fracture |
|
|
Term
| Pain that is initally associated with activity but becomes more constant with rest |
|
Definition
| subcondrial bone infarcts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most remain stable over time, and are clinically silent except in Gauchers, the bends, and sickle cell anemia |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of bone and marrow and is usually infectious |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs in long bones and are hematogenous in origin |
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Term
|
Definition
| occurs as a complication of open fractures, surgerym or diabetic infection |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Gram + Coagulase + Catalase + most common in osteonecrosis |
|
|
Term
| E. coli, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella |
|
Definition
| found in individuals with UTI or drug abusers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Haemophilus infulenzae and group B steptocci are frequent pathogens |
|
|
Term
| Individuals with sickle cell anemia with osteonecrosis |
|
Definition
| Salmonella infections are common |
|
|
Term
| Neonates, Children, Adults (Areas of necrosis) |
|
Definition
Metaphysis and Epiphisis
Metaphysis
Epiphyses and subcondrial region |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ruptured periosteum leading to soft tissue abcess |
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Term
|
Definition
| new bone deposited around the devitalized infected bone |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| small intraossious abcess that involves the cortex and is walled off by reactive bone |
|
|
Term
| Sclerosing osteomyelitis of Garre |
|
Definition
| typically develops in the jaw and has extensive bone formation |
|
|
Term
| Tuberculous osteomyelitis |
|
Definition
| blood borne and originates from an active visceral disease during primary infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TB in the bones, commonly affects the spine and tends to be more distructive and less treatable |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 5 m/o gestation to birth localized to areas of endochondrial bone formation |
|
|
Term
| Saber Shin and Saddle Nose |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| silver stains of inflammatory tissue |
|
|
Term
| Most common benign tumors |
|
Definition
| Osteochondroma and fibroma |
|
|
Term
| Most common primary tumor of bone |
|
Definition
| Osteosarcoma followed by chondrosarcoma and Ewing Sarcoma |
|
|
Term
| Li-Fraumeni and retinoblastoma cancer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
round-oval tumor
skull and facial bones
Slow growing often only lead to blocked sinus or brain or eye impingement
Consist of woven bone and lamellar bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
less than 2 cm and occur in teens and 20's
Mostly grow in appendicular skeleton and posterior spine
Cortex>medullay cavity
Nocturnal Pain resolved by asprine due to excessive Prostaglandin E2 |
|
|
Term
| Excessive pain at night releaved by asprin |
|
Definition
| Osteoid osteoma due to PE2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
larger than 2 cm
dull achy pain
does not respond to asprin
gritty tan tissue
Well definded margins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor of osteoma that presents with small round lucency that may be centrally mineralized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| curretted or excised en bloc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
most common malignant bone tumor
Occurs in young and old
50% at the knee, then hip, shoulder and face |
|
|
Term
| Where does osteosarcoma develop |
|
Definition
| at sites of bone growth because of osteoblastic cells are prone to aqure mutations |
|
|
Term
Large bulky tumor, grey gritty with areas of hemorrhage and cystic degeneration
Spread in the medullary cavity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Large hyperchromic nuclei that forms bone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abundant cartilate that is malignant with osteosarcoma |
|
Definition
| Chondroblastic osteosarcoma |
|
|
Term
| Codman Triangle due to periosteum outgrowth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Metatstisis at time of diagnosis is often far too late |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cartilage attatched to the skeleton by a boney stalk |
|
|
Term
| Loss of function of EXT1 or EXT2 |
|
Definition
| defective endochondral ossification |
|
|
Term
| Occurs at growth plate and new bone makes up head and stalk of tumor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bening tumor of hyaline cartilage in bones of enchondral origin |
|
|
Term
| Meduallary Cavity Chondroma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| subperiosteal or juxtacortical chondromas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| multiple enchondromas or endchondromatosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enchondromatosis with soft tissue hemangiomas |
|
|
Term
| Unmineralized nodules of cartilage with oval lucencies and radiodense bone (C or O ring sign) |
|
Definition
| Radiographic enchondromas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benign tumor occuring in epiphyses and apophyses like iliac crest |
|
|
Term
Sheets of compact polyhedral chondroblasts
Mitotic activity and necrosis present often
Chicken wire pattern of mineralization
Giant cell osteoclasts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rarest tumor of cartilage
arise in metaphysis of long tubular bone
well circumsized solid and glisten tan-grey
Hyaine and mucous cartilage throughtout meduallary cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
produce neoplastic cartilage
clear cell, dedifferentiated, mesenchymal variant
40+ y/o |
|
|
Term
Composed of malugnant hyaline and myxoid cartilage
Nodules of grey white tissue
central necrosis
tumor grow into surrounding soft tissue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mild hypercellular, plump nuclei, mitotic figures are difficult to see |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| marked hypercellularity, extreem pleomorphism with bizarr tumor giant cells, mitoses |
|
|
Term
| Dedfifferentiated chondrosarcomas |
|
Definition
| mixed type I and second high grade oomponent- poorly differentated |
|
|
Term
| Clear cell chondrosarcoma |
|
Definition
| sheets of malignant chondrocytes with clear cytoplasm, giant cells, and reactive bone formation |
|
|
Term
| Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma |
|
Definition
| islands of well differentated hyaline cartilage with sheets of round cells, can mimic Ewing Sarcoma |
|
|
Term
| Rare place for chondrosarcoma |
|
Definition
| distal extremeties (more endchondroma) |
|
|
Term
| Metastisis of chondrosarcoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excission except for dedifferentiated and mesenchymal which are much more agressive and need chemo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
5-6 cm
grey to yellow brown cellular lesions containing fibroblasts and histocytes
PIN WHEEL PATTERN (Storiform) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| clinically insignificant and most resolve spontaneously, growth into fibromas can need ressection and biopsy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benign tumor due to developmental arrest, did not finish ossifying |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal gowth of bone structures |
|
|
Term
| Monostotic fibrous dysplasia |
|
Definition
stops growth after epysieal closure
femor tibia, fibs etc
Asymptomatic but limb length differences
Enlarged head, sometimes disfigured |
|
|
Term
| Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia |
|
Definition
no endocrine dysfunction
often involves shoulder and pelvic girdles- Shepard crook deformities with multiple fractures
Face can often be involved |
|
|
Term
| Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia with cafe au lait spots |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sexual precocity, hyperthroidism, pituitary adenoma, and 1*adrenal hyperplasia with cafe au lait spots along neck and back and bone lesions that can be unilateral or bilateral |
|
|
Term
| Chinese Figured trabeculae and lack of osteoblastic rimming |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
middle age and elderly
large, hemorrhagic and extend into soft tissue
Some histoicytes looking cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
malignant small round cell tumor, undiffernated neuronal involvment, arise in medullary cavity and invade cortex and soft tissue
Homer wright rossets
Neuronal in PNET
Periosteal onion skin bone deposits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mixed mononuclear cells and multinucleated osteocalst type giant cells
Express RANKL |
|
|
Term
Large Red brown tumor with cystic degeneration
Mononuclear plus giant cells
Reactive bone and necrosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| multiloculated blood filled cysts that look like a massive tumor |
|
|
Term
| Blue bone- unsual cartilage matrix |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Metastatic Diseases spreading to bones |
|
Definition
| Breast, Prostate, kidney and lung common |
|
|
Term
| Children metastatic diseases |
|
Definition
| Wilms tumor, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, ewing sarcoma, and rhabodomyosarcoma |
|
|
Term
| Metastatic tumors implant where |
|
Definition
| Red bone marrow due to rich cappillaries and slow blood flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leads to sclerotic response |
|
|
