Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is woven bone made of and what else is made of this? |
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Definition
| Type I collagen; dermis, tendons, joint capsules, etc |
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Term
| When is woven bone found? |
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Definition
| Embryogenesis, fracture repair, surrounding fast growing tumors. |
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Term
| What is osteogenesis imperfecta & what does it lead to? |
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Definition
| Defect in replacing woven bone with lamellar bone after birth. Babies ribs break and they die after their first breath. |
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Term
| What is lamellar bone made of and how is it arranged? |
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Definition
| Type I collagen arranged in parallel. |
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Term
| The 4 forms of lamellar bone? |
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Definition
| Trabecular, Circumfrential, Concentric, Interstitial |
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Term
| Where is trabecular bone found? |
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Definition
| Interior ends of long bones & in vertebrae. |
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Term
| Characteristics of trabecular bone? |
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Definition
| Meshwork of trabeculae, highly vascularized & contains bone marrow. |
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Term
| What is the disease that is caused by defects in the ability of trabecular bone to mineralize? |
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Definition
| Osteomalacia, leads to bone weakness & rickets in children. |
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Term
| What type of bone is found around the shaft of bone & is layered like an onion? |
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Definition
| Lamellar circumferential bone. |
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Term
| Where is concentric bone found? |
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Definition
| Surrounding the arteries & veins that supple lamellar bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rings of concentric bone. |
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Term
| What is the network of concentric bone channels called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Perpendicular haversian channels are called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is found in between channels of the Haversian system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the shaft of a long bone called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the end of a growing bone called? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Wider portion of bone along epiphyseal plate, part of bone that grows during childhood |
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Term
| What are the 2 types of bone growth? |
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Definition
| Interstitial & Appositional |
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Term
| When does interstitial growth occur? |
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Definition
| During development of the cartilage framework of most bones in body, except skull. |
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Term
| Via what method of growth does the skull form? |
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Definition
| Intramembranous ossification (intramembranous appositional growth) |
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Term
| What process allows osteoprogenitor cells to begin laying down bone during bone formation? |
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Definition
| Cartilage framework formed via interstitial growth-->Chondrocytes in middle apoptose leaving a cavity called the primary ossification center-->this becomes vascularized & allows the immigration of osteoprogenitor & hematopoietic cells. |
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Term
| What do osteoprogenitor cells differentiate into and what do they do? |
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Definition
| Osteoblasts, lay down bone as appositional growth. |
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Term
| In which locations (places in bone) does appositional osteoblast bone formation occur? |
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Definition
| Primary ossification centers, Secondary ossification centers (epiphysis near growth plate), along sides of trabeculae in marrow cavity, below periosteum for shaft thickness. |
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Term
| What type of growth is all bone formed by? |
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Definition
| Appositional growth (most by endochondral appositional ossification) |
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Term
| Difference between endochondral vs intramembranous ossification? |
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Definition
| Endochondral=cartilage framework exists before bone starts forming, Intramembranous=no cartilage during ossification. |
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Term
| What law describes the process of mechanical stress to bone causing bone remodeling & increased bone strength? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is Wolff's Law relevant to fracture repair? |
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Definition
| Compression plates add stress to an area of fracture to make bone stronger during process of repair. |
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Term
| What is bone replaced by when damaged? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is bone like in osteoporosis? |
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Definition
| Less bone mass. Trabeculae can be thicker (strong) but are much fewer. |
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Term
| What is bone like in osteomalacia? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of trabecular bone? |
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Definition
| Dispel force at end of bone (always undergoing microfracture) |
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Term
| If trabeculae are not all interconnected, what disease are we looking at? |
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Definition
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Term
| What could lamellar bone be indicative of besides normal cortex? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 2 sources of blood supply to bone? |
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Definition
| Nutrient artery (+ vein), Perforating arteries (+ veins) |
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Term
| What does the nutrient artery supply with blood? |
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Definition
| Marrow & inner 1/3 of cortex |
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Term
| What do the perforating arteries supply w blood? |
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Definition
| Outer 2/3 of cortex (in periosteum) |
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Term
| Arteries parallel to long axis are called what? Perpindicular? |
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Definition
| Parallel=Haversian Channel, Perpendicular=Volkmann's Canal |
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Term
| How can a hip fracture be fatal? |
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Definition
| Can exsanguinate into thigh. |
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Term
| When looking @ an osteon which cells are older, outside or inside? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is dead tissue in cortex called? |
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Definition
| Interstitial lamellar bone |
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