Term
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Definition
Cell Body
contains neurons |
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Term
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Definition
Specialized form of rough ER
actively synthesizing proteins that will be released form the cell |
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Term
| What type of staining works best for nissl bodies? |
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Definition
STAINS with HEMATOXYLIN(mRNA)
• In micrographs, will look like a black stain because of all the RNA associated with the rough ER
mitochondria also will stain |
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Term
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Definition
| one of the delicate threads running in every direction through the cytoplasm of a nerve cell and extending into the axon and dendrites |
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Term
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Definition
fibers that extend from the cell body
axons, and dendrites |
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Term
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Definition
| The axon arises from the soma at a region called the axon hillock, or initial segment. This is the region where the plasma membrane generates nerve impulses; the axon conducts these impulses away from the soma or dendrites toward other neurons. Large axons acquire an insulating myelin sheath and are known as myelinated fibers |
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Term
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Definition
areas along the axon covered in myelin
these are made of plasma membrane phospholipids |
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Term
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Definition
area along the axon not covered by Schwann cells
microtubules extend along the length of the axon |
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Term
| Dendritic Spine (gemmules) |
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Definition
Dendritic spines serve as a storage site for synaptic strength and help transmit electrical signals to the neuron's cell body
Common site for synapse formation |
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Term
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Definition
| axon terminal end branches out, which can form various types of synapses |
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Term
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Definition
| axosomatic, axodendritic, axoaxonic synapse |
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Term
| Where are most neurons located? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| consists of unmyelinated fibers....also contains cell bodies |
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Term
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Definition
| contains (nuclei)...cell bodies clustered together WITHIN the white matter of the central nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
| collections of cell bodies OUTSIDE the central nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
| many dendrites (extensions) from the attached soma |
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Term
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Definition
| one dendrite & one axon (cell body in the middle) |
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Term
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Definition
| Have a short single process leaving the cell body |
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Term
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Definition
➢ Non-excitable cells
• Don’t conduct an action potential
• Essential to vitality of neurons
consists of astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes |
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Term
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Definition
• engage with 2 structures
• 1 wraps pseupodia around blood capillary
• 1 process that extends around the neuron (yellow_
• can communicate between blood supply and neuron
➢ helps bring nutrients and blood
➢ removes CO2
➢ part of blood brain barrier |
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Term
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Definition
o type of neuroglia
o contain spider-like appearance
o function as macrophages in nervous tissue
a. remove debris, waste product, or any materials that may accumulate in extracellular matrix
b. defense from potential patogens |
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Term
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Definition
resemble simple cuboidal epithelial cells
i. line the cavities of the brain and spinal cord…also circulate cerebrospinal fluid
ii. brain has ventricles filled with fluid…lined with these cells
iii. in spine there’s the spinal canal…
iv. fluid filled cavities lined with ependymal cells
v. have cilia as projection
1. create a wave of fluid through fluid filled cavities |
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Term
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Definition
a. contains nucleus (purple) contains 3 cell processes extending from area…one oligodendrocyte but several neurons
b. Produce myelin sheat around nerve fibers in the central nervous system
c. myelinate cells in the CNS forming white matter
i. schwann cells
1. each coat of myelin formed by individual schwann cell
devoted to one neuron |
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Term
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Definition
i. Schwann cells initially wraps over plasma membrane of axon, repeatedly squeezing out cytoplasm…contained by the neurilemma
ii. Produce myelin sheaths in jelly-roll like fashion |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid conduction via the presence of myelin sheaths |
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Term
| 3 Ways that the central nervous system is protected |
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Definition
Scalp and skin
Skull and vertebral column
Meninges |
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Term
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Definition
1. Dura Mater
2. Arachnoid Layer
3. Pia Mater |
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Term
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Definition
Toughest, thickest layer of connective tissue in meninges
• 2 layers make up dura mater
• periosteal
• consists of periosteum(bone covering)…follows contour of skull
• and meningeal layers
• follows contour of brain surface tissue
• lumps and bumps
• Outer covering of brain
• Folds inward in several areas |
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Term
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Definition
• extensions of connective tissue extend across it
• Web-like |
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