Term
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Definition
| Circulation of blood from the heart to the lungs where gas exchange occurs, and back to the heart again. |
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Term
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Definition
| The circulation of blood to and from the heart muscle itself. It's how the heart receives oxygen and nutrients and gets rid of its cellular waste. |
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Term
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Definition
| Flow of blood through the whole body except for the heart and lungs |
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Term
| Order blood flows as it passes through the heart |
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Definition
| rt atrium, rt ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, lft atrium, lft ventricle, aorta |
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Term
| What parts of the heart are involved in pulmonary circulation |
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Definition
| Rt atrium, Rt ventricle, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle |
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Term
| Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right ventricle |
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Definition
| The left ventricle has to push oxygenated blood throughout the body and a higher pressure so more muscle is required |
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Term
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Definition
| Carries blood away from the heart, brings oxygenated blood to the tissues of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Takes CO2 from cells to the lungs and kidneys where wastes are removed |
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Term
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Definition
| Where gas exchanage occurs, connects arteries and veins |
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Term
| In which type of vessel does the exchange of food, oxygen and waste occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the main difference between arteries and veins? |
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Definition
| Arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins carry blood back to the heart |
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Term
| Is the blood coming from the lungs back to heart through the pulmonary vein oxygen rich or oxygen poor? |
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Definition
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Term
| What chamber of the heart does it go to first after the blood has been oxygenated? |
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Definition
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Term
| In which type of vessel is blood pressure the greatest? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the 4 parts that make up our blood and the function of each.... |
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Definition
Red Blood Cells - contain hemoglobin to carry oxygen
White Blood Cells - fight infection
Platelets - blood clotting
Plasma - mostly water, contains nutrients and minerals |
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Term
| What type of antigen if any does type O have? |
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Definition
| None - it's the universal donor |
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Term
| Why is the blood in the veins darker than it is in arteries? |
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Definition
| Because it is not oxygenated |
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Term
| Why is the blood in arteries lighter than it is in veins? |
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Definition
| Because the oxygen gives it a brighter red color |
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Term
| What is the function of hemoglobin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do circulatory and respiratory systems work together to achieve? |
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Definition
| Taking oxygen to the cells throughout the body |
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Term
| What is the function of the respiratory system? |
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Definition
| To provide oxygen to the cells and remove carbon dioxide waste released during cellular respiration. |
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Term
| What is the function of the diaphragm? |
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Definition
| Relaxes and contracts allowing us to breathe. |
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Term
| What structure filters and moistens air as you breathe? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are two ways products exhale by the respiratory system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the alveoli? |
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Definition
| Oxygen passed into the capillaries where blood takes it to the body and receives CO2 wastes that are exhaled |
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Term
| What can contribute to respiratory problems? |
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Definition
| Smoking, pollution and coal dust |
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Term
| Name some disorders of the respiratory system |
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Definition
| Asthma, bronchitis, emphysema |
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Term
| List the organs of the excretory system and their functions. |
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Definition
Kidneys - filter waste from blood
Nephrons - filtering units of the kidneys
Ureter - tube that urine passes from kidneys to bladder
Bladder - holds urine temporarily
Urethra - tube that urine passes from bladder to outside body |
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Term
| Approximately how much water is lost through your urine each day? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do your kidneys remove? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the 3 most vital necessities for survival? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the digestive system? |
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Definition
| To break down food to use for energy |
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Term
| List the order of the digestive process. |
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Definition
| Mouth, espohagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus |
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Term
| Describe the primary function of villi. |
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Definition
| To increase the surface area of the small intestine so more nutrients can be absorbed. |
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Term
| Differentiate between mechanical and chemical digestion. |
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Definition
| Mechanical is teeth chewing, churning, mixing to aid in the digestion of food. Chemical is your enzymes used to help break down food. Both mechanical and chemical digestion take place in the mouth and stomach. |
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Term
| Describe the difference between the digestive tract organ and an accessory organ. |
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Definition
| Food physically passes through the digestive tract, and an accessory organ like teeth aid in digestion but the food does not technically pass through it. |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle contraction that moves food through the digestive system |
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Term
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Definition
| Thin, watery liquid that food is turned into in the stomach. |
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Term
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Definition
| Proteins that speed up the process of breaking down carbohydrates. |
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Term
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Definition
| Building blocks of proteins |
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Term
| Explain what system works with the digestive system in order to bring nutrients to cells and how this occurs. |
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Definition
| Circulatory - nutrients are absorbed into the blood stream and taken to all cells of the body to use. |
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Term
| What is the function of the nervous system? |
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Definition
| Responding to external stimuli and help your body maintain homeostasis |
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Term
| What structures comprise the central nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the peripheral nervous system? |
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Definition
| To connect the brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Controls thinking, interprets impulses from senses, stores memory and controls movements. |
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Term
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Definition
| Interprets stimuli from eyes, ears, muscles and tendons, coordinates voluntary movement and maintains muscle tone and helps maintain balance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Connects to your spinal cord, controls involuntary actions such as breathing, heart rate and blood pressure |
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Term
| Describe how drugs affect the nervous system. |
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Definition
| Alcohol slows activities of the central nervous system, while stimulants like caffeine can increase heart rate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Controls voluntary actions like moving skeletal muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| Controls involuntary actions such as heart rate, breathing and digestion. |
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Term
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Definition
| Involuntary, automatic response to a stimulus |
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Term
| What part of your ear controls your sense of balance? |
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Definition
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Term
| The spinal cord is an extension of what organ? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Contains nucleus to direct and control all activities in the neuron cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Receives messages from other neurons and sends them to the cell body |
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Term
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Definition
| Carries messages away from the cell body and sends them to other neurons, muscles and glands. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small space between the neurons where an impulse releases a chemical from the transmitting neuron and is then received by the receiving neuron dendrite. |
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Term
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Definition
| Electric insulator on the axon that helps speed up the signal transfer between neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| Any message carried by a neuron. |
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Term
| Define and give an example of homeostasis. |
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Definition
| Homeostasis - regulation of steady life maintaing conditions inside an organism, such as temperature regulation by sweating or shivering - when you exercise and begin to get warmer, your body sweats so as to cool your body back down to a normal 98.6 degrees. |
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