year 1950

Year NATA was formed

Chopart's Joint

Metatarsal Joint, consist of two distinct joints, calcaneocuboid and talonavicular joint

AMA

American Medical Asociation

CAATE

Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education

CT Scan

Computed Tomography Scan

DIP

Distal Interphalangeal

CPM

Continuous Passive Motion

DSM IV

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders

FERPA

Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act

HIPPA

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

HMO

Health Maintenance Organization

HOPS

History, Observation, Palpation, Special Tests

MCP

Metacarpophalangeal

MRSA

Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus

MTP

Metatarsalphalangeal

NOCSAE

National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment

OSHA

Occupational Saftey and Health Administration

PIP

Proximal Interphlangeal

PPE

Pre Participation Exam

TBI

Traumatic Brain Injury

WGBT

Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature

WNL

Within Normal Limits

Muscle Grading Scale

5

Complete ROM against Gravity with Maximal Resistance

Muscle Grading Scale

4

Complete ROM against gravity with moderate resistance

Muscle Grading Scale

3+

Completed ROM agaisnt gravity with minimal resistance

Muscle Grading Scale

3

Completed ROM against gravity with no resistance

Muscle Grading Scale

3-

Some, but not complete, ROM against gravity

Muscle Grading Scale

2+

Initiates motion against gravity

Muscle Grading Scale

2

Completed ROM with some assistance and gravity eliminated

Muscle Grading Scale

2-

Initaites motion if gravity is eliminated

Muscle Grading Scale

1

evidence of slight muscular contraction; no joint motion

Muscle Grading Scale

0

No muscle contraction Palpated

Sagital

Plane divides the body into left and right sides

Axial/Transvers

Plane divides the body into upper and lower halves

Coronal

Plane Divides the body into front and back halves

Medial

Plane divides into right and left halves

Bursistis (olecranon)

Pain, sever swelling, point tenderness

Tx-Cold compress one hour, compression, aspiration

Elbow Osteochondritis Dissecans

Impairment of blood supply to anterior surfaces causes framentation of a portion of the articular cartilage and bone

10-15 years old throwers or raquet sports

Panners Disease

Osteochondritis in children younger then 10

Elbow Dislocation

Outstretched hand & hyper extension or twist while in fixed position

Smith's Fracture

Transverse fx of distal radial metaphysis with anterior displacement of distal fracture fragment

Madelung Deformity

Females bylateral palmar and ulnar wrist subluxation

TFCC

Triangular Fibro Cartilage Complex

Seperates Radiocarpal and Interferior radial ulnar joints

Forced hyperextension of wrist

Pain along ulnar side of wrist

Clicking/catching sensation

Bishops/ Benediction

Ulnar nerve

Claw Hand

Median and Ulnar nerve

Drop Wrist

Radial nerve

Ape Hand

Median nerve

Carpal Tunnel Syndrom

Compression of median nerve

numbness of thumb, index, and middle finger and palm

Phalens test

DeQuervains Disease

(Hoffman's Disease)

Stenosing tenosynivitis in the thumb

finkelsteins test

Dislocation of Lunate

Forced hyperextension of wrist

Dislocates anterior when falling on outstretched hand

Kieböcks Disease

Loss of blood supply to lunate

Wrist Ganglion

Synovial cyst, herniation of the joint capsule or synovial sheath of tendon

common in the back of wrist

feels soft, rubbery, or hard

Mallet Finger

Extensor tendon avulsion

Boutonnier diformity

rupture extensor tendon dorsal to middle phalenx

Jersey Finger

rupture of flexor digitorum profundus

Dupuytren's Contracture

Nodules in palmer aponeurosis that limit finger extension

Swan Neck Deformity

Avulsion of Volar plate

Pseudo Boutoniere

Distal tear in the volar plate

Clubbing or Cyanosis nails

congenital heart disorders or chronic respiratory disease

Scalling or ridging Nails

(onycholysis)

Psoriasis

Spooning or Depression nails

(Koilonychia)

Thyroid, iron, anemia

Ridging Nails

(verticle)

Nutritional Deficiencies

Spondylolysis

degeneration of vertibre, defect in the pars interarticularis

Spondylothesis

Slipping of one vertebra on the one below it

L5/S1 common

common in girls

Second Impact Syndrome

Rapid swelling and herniation of pain after second head injury before the first head injury is healed

less then 20 years old

patient first looks stunned and then signs of concussion

loss of consciousness leads to coma

MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Malignant Brain Edema Syndrom

Young populaton, if in adults occurs becuase of intercranial clot

increased intercranial pressure

death

MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Epidural Hematoma

Tear of meningeal arteries

loss of consiousness

dizziness, nausea, dilation of one pupil, depresson of pulse, respiration and convulsions

MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Subderal Hematoma

Acceleration/ Deceleration forces that tear vessels that bridge dura matter

3 types

dilation of one pupil

MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Mandible Fracture

most common facial fracture

loss of normal occlusion of teeth

pain with biting down, bleeding around teeth

lower lip anesthesia

Zygomatic Complete Fracture

epitaxsis, diplopia, numbness of cheek

Lefort Fracture

fracture of one or more facial bones

Maxillary Fracture

pain with chewing, malocclusion, epitasis, diplopia,numbness in cheek/lip region

Uncomplicated Crown Fracture

small portion tooth broken, no bleeding and pulp chamber is not exposed

Complicated Crown Fracture

Portion of tooth fractured, bleeding, pulp chamber is exposed

VERY Painful!

Root Fracture

10-15%

Bleeding from gum around tooth

{type of tooth fx}

Commotio Coordis

Traumatic blunt impact to chest

repolarization phase (t-wave)

Cystitis

inflammation or infection of the bladder

Urethritis

Symptom of gonorrhea, chlamydia, herpes, bacterial infections

Gastroenteritis

Food Poisoning

Bacterial Infections

MRSA

Impentigo Contagiosa

Fruncles (boils)

Carbuncles

Folliculitis

Paranychia/Onychia

Tetanus

Acne Vulgarus

Hidradentis Suppurative

Fungal Infections

tinea capitis

tinea corporis

tinea unguium

tinea cruris

tinea pedis

candidiais

tinea versicolor

Dermaphytes

ringworm

microsporum

trichopuyton

epidermophyton

Viral infections

herpes simplex

labialis

gladioterum

herpes zoster

Verruca Virus and Warts

Verruca Vulgaris

Planter Wart

Molluscum Contagiosum

Allergic Reactions

Contact Dermititis

Milaria (prickly heat)

Chilblains (Pernio) Cold!

Pityriasis Rosea

10-35 years old

inflammation skin rash

spring/fall

ill

pinkish red patch called "herald patch"

Cystic Fibrosis

Genetic disorder

COPD, pancreatic deficiency, urogenital disfunction, increased electroytes in sweat

S/S Bronchisits, pneumonia, respiratory failure, gall bladder disease, pancreatits, diabetes, nutritional deficiency

Tx- Drug therapy, postural drainage (cupping or hacking massage followed by deep breathing and coughing)

Apophysitis

inflammation of bony outgrowth

Chondromalacia

articular cartilage softening

Osteocondritis

inflamed bone and cartilage

Osteomyelitis

inflammation of bone marrow

Osteochondritis Dissecans

seperation of artiuclar cartilage from bone

periostitis

inflammation of the bone covering

Radiculitis

inflammation of spinal nerve root

synovitis

inflammation of synovial membrane

tendonsynivits

inflammation of tendon sheath

Anterior Compartment

Tibialis anterior

extensor digatorum

hallicus longus

lateral compartment

paraneals (brevis, longus, turtus)

superficial posterious

Compartment

gastroc

solius

deep posterior

compartment

tibialas posterior

flexors

Nonfeasance

not doing what should have been done

Malfeasance

Acting outside legal boundries

Misfeasance

acting inside legal boundries in an incorrect fashion

Illegal Interview Questions

Relationship status

religious views

age

pregnant-have kids

plan on having a family

how tall are you and what do you weight

overall health, family health

disabilities

Domains of Athletic Training

Prevention

clinical evaluation and diagnosis

immediate care

treatment, rehab, reconditioning

organzation and administration

professional responsibility

Meningitis

an inflammation of teh brain and spinal cord

s/s- severe headache, stiff neck, vomiting, confusion, seizures, sleepy/difficulty waking, sensitivity to light, skin rash, not drinking or eating

Corticosteroid injection complications

suppress immune system

attacks its own tissues

fluid/electrolyte imbalance

muscular skeletal impairment

delays wound healing

neurological systems

glaucoma

Malaise

a symptom that can occur with almost any significant health condition. It may start slowly or quikly depending on the type of disease

(general feeling of ill)

Hypoxia

insufficient oxygen reaching the blood

(high altitude)

Hypersensititvity Reaction

excessive, undesireable, reactions produced by the normal immune system.

requires a pre-sensitized state of the host

Anaphlactic

a result of severe allergic reaction caused by foods, insect stings, or drugs or by inhaling dust, pollens, or other substances.

use of epi pen for tx

Hyperplascia

increase muscle fiber amount

Urinalysis Results for Diabetes

Glucose

Urinalysis results for UTI

Hemoglobin

Urinalysis results for general infection

RBCs

Urinalysis results for Dehydration

specific gravity high amount

Tympatic membrane appearance

use of otoscope

should be transluent and "pearl" gray in color

Infection of the Middle Ear

Redness around the tympanic membrane

Pus behind the Tympanic Membrane

appears white on the tympanic membrane

Cerumen

waxlike substance normally found in the external canal of the ear

Treatment of the ruptured tympanic membrane

control any bleeding

refer to physicain or hospital

Dyspnea

refers to the subjective sensation of difficulty breathing or shortness of breath

normal is 12-20/min

Referral for Asthma

if initial treatment of three doses of medication in 1 hour are not eniough or PEF >60%

syncope

brief loss of consciousness, typically casued by lack of oxygen to the brain; fainting

Claudication

cramping pains in the calves due to poor circulation and relaxation of muscles

Parasthesia

sensation of numbness or tingling on the skin

Anesthesia

medicated numbness or tingling

Hyperventilation

Decreased air in alveoli

decreased oxygenand increased carbon dioxide

decreased blood pH (alkylosis)

Alkylosis

decreased blood pH

Anti-Tussin

anticough

Anti-coagulant

blood thinner

Anti-pyruvic

also an

Anti-inflammatory

and

Anti Histamine

Anti- Pyretic 

Fever reducer

Special Test for Deep Vein Thrombosis

Homans Sign

Diastotle

the period of time when teh heart fills with blood after systole, when the heart is relaxing

Electrocardiogram of Heart

P wave

atrial depolarization

Electrocardiogram of Heart

QRS complex

ventrical depolarization and atrial repolarization

venterical action is more powerful therefore repolarization is unnoticed

Electrocardiogram of Heart

T-wave

ventricular repolarization

Electrocardiogram of Heart

time

0.8 seconds