Term
| G+, coagulase +, Beta hemolytic, mannitol fermentation, golden-yellow colonies |
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Definition
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Term
| G+, aerobic, forms endospores, motile, beta hemolytic |
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Definition
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Term
| G+, anaerobic, encapsulated, non-motile, double zone hemolysis. Infecton usually follows trauma. |
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Definition
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Term
| G+, aerobic, encapsulated, non-motile, produces 2 toxins; toxin A (enterotoxin) and toxin B (cytotoxin; damages enterocytes). |
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Definition
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Term
| G+, forms endospores, non-motile, non-hemolytic, produces a tri-part toxin. Zoonotic. |
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Definition
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Term
| G-, Produces heat liable and heat stable toxins. The heat liable toxin up regulates cAMP and the heat stable toxin up regulates cGMP. |
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Definition
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Term
| G-, destroys microvilli. uses shiga-like toxins. |
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Definition
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Term
| G-, produces shiga-like toxin, damages glomerular capilaries. |
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Definition
| enterohemorrhagic E. coli |
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Term
| G-, produces shigella-like toxin causing dysentery with fever and bloody stools. |
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Definition
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Term
| G-, causes persistent diarrhea in infants. |
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Definition
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Term
| G-, can multiply in macrophages and use them for transport. |
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Definition
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Term
| G-, among the most common bacterial infections. Usually causes enteritis in communities. |
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Definition
| Campylobacter spp (jejuni and fetus) |
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Term
| G-, less than 200 bacteria required for disease symptoms. |
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Definition
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Term
| G-, favors high salt and warm temperature. produces a 6 subunit toxin known as cholera toxin. |
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Definition
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Term
| G-, non-lactose fermenting, oxidase negative, urease positive. |
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Definition
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Term
G-, non-lactose fermenting, oxidase negative, urease positive, and causes self limited mesenteric lymphadenitis that mimics appendicitis.
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Definition
| Yersinia pseudotuberculosis |
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Term
| G-, induces inflammatory cytokines and causes gastric inflammation. |
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Definition
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Term
| Flagellate, looks like a sting ray in its trophozoite stage. Lives in duodenum. Cysts form in large intestine. |
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Definition
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Term
| Amoebae, trophozoites reside in LI. Produces cysts passed in stool. Protease production. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sporozoa, small. Immediately infective ooxysts. Infect enterocytes utilizing intracellular vacuoles. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sporozoa, larger than most. Immature oocysts when first released into environment. Requires a 1 week incubation inside its host. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sporozoa, emerging agent. smallest euaryote. Intracellular; can inhabit all body tissues. Lacks mitochondria. |
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Definition
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Term
| RNA virus; no chronic disease form. |
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Definition
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Term
| Enveloped DNA virus. leading cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. |
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Definition
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Term
| Enveloped RNA virus. Has 6 distinct genotypes that denote its subtype. |
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Definition
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Term
| Defective RNA virus that requires co-infection with another type of virus. |
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Definition
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Term
| RNA virus. Clinically indistinguishable for HAV infection. Requires serological confirmation. |
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Definition
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Term
| Norovirus. causes 40% of nonbacterial gastroenteritis. Common virus on cruise ships. |
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Definition
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Term
| Enterovirus. In 1% of cases this virus can cuase myalgia and muscle paralysis. Respiratory paralysis may also occur. |
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Definition
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Term
| Enterovirus. Highest infectivity is in children younger than 5. |
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Definition
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Term
| Enterovirus. Can cause severe sore throat, mningitis, URIs, and pericarditis in addition to many common and uncommon clinical GI presentation. |
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Definition
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Term
| Double stranded, segmented genome virus. has 11 genomic RNA molecules. Causes 40% of the cases of severe diarrhea in infants and young children up to 2 y.o. |
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Definition
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Term
| Eggs must embryonate in soil before becoming infective. Has 2 phases of infection; liver/blood/lung and then intestinal. |
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Definition
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Term
| Nocturnal migration of female to anus to lay eggs. If one person in a family has a confirmed infection with this species it is necessary to treat the entire family. |
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Definition
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Term
| Infection more common in children. Eggs must embryonate in soil before becoming infective. |
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Definition
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Term
| Eggs must mature in soil; hatch to release larvae. Larvae migrate in blood to lungs, then get coughed up, swallowed and enter the intestine. |
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Definition
| Necator americanus or Ancylostoma duodenale |
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Term
| Adult worms may be free living in soil. Larvae migrate in blood to lungs, get coughed up, get swallowed and enter intestine. There are other migratory paths which can be taken which present differently. |
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Definition
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Term
| Larvae in blood travel to skeletal muscle where they form cysts. |
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Definition
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Term
| No adult form in humans; can't complete their life cycle. Larvae in liver (most common), also in lungs, eyes and brain. |
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Definition
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Term
| no adult form in humans; can't complete lifecycle. Larvae in stomach and intestinal mucosa. |
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Definition
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Term
| Most common human tapeworm in U.S. Eggs immediately infective. No intermediate host. |
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Definition
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Term
| Eggs are ingested by cattle whre they develop into larvae in the cow's muscle. |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 clinical manifestations depending on which form is ingested: larvae cause taeniasis whereas eggs cause tissue cysticercus. |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 intermediate hosts. Eggs ingested by crustaceans, which are ingested by fish. Can cause a B12 deficiency. |
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Definition
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Term
| May have anaphylactic reation in response to ruptured cysts created by this organism. Cysts removed surgically. |
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Definition
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Term
| Lung fluke. 2 intermediate hosts: snail and crustacean. repeated rupture of cysts releases eggs. |
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Definition
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Term
| Chinese liver fluke. 2 intermediate hosts; snail and fresh water fish. |
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Definition
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