Term
What drug is a GNRH analog?
What determines if it acts as an agonist or antagonist? |
|
Definition
Leuprolide
Agonist Properties:
used in pulsatile fashion
Antagonist Properties:
when used continuously
(downregulates GnRH receptor in pituitary → ↓ FSH/LH) |
|
|
Term
| How should Leuprolide be administered for the treatment of Infertility and Prostate cancer? |
|
Definition
Infertility:
Pulsatile
Prostate Cancer:
continuous - use with flutamide |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical uses of Testosterone? |
|
Definition
Treat Hypogonadism and promote development of 2º sex characteristics
Stimulate anabolism → promote recovery after burn or injury
Treats ER-positive breast cancer (exemestane) |
|
|
Term
| What can be used to treat ER-positive breast cancer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What drug is an 5α-reductase inhibitor?
What is this drug used to treat? |
|
Definition
Finasteride
Clinical Use:
BPH
Male-pattern baldness |
|
|
Term
| What drug is a nonsteroidal competitive inhibitor of androgens at the testosterone receptor and is used in the treatment of prostate carcinoma? |
|
Definition
Flutamide
Used with Leuprolide |
|
|
Term
| What antifungal drug inhibits desmolase → inhibits steroid synthesis? |
|
Definition
Ketoconazole
Clinical Use:
Polycystic ovarian syndrome to prevent hirsutism |
|
|
Term
| What 2 drugs are used in the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome to prevent hirsutism? |
|
Definition
Ketoconazole
(inhibits steroid synthesis)
Spironolactone
(inhibits steroid binding) |
|
|
Term
What are the Estrogen drugs?
What are they used to treat?
|
|
Definition
Ethinyl estradiol
DES
Mestranol
Clinical use:
Hypogonadism or ovarian failure
menstrual abnormalities
HRT in postmenopausal women
Androgen-dependent prostate cancer in Men |
|
|
Term
| What drug is indicated in clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina in females that were exposed in utero? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Clomiphene
(partial agonist in hypothalamus)
Tamoxifen
(antagonist on breast tissue)
Raloxifene
(Agonist on bone, Antagonist on breast tissue) |
|
|
Term
What SERM is a partial agonist in the hypothalamus → Prevents normal feedback inhibition →
↑ LH and FSH release → ovulation
What is this SERM used to treat? |
|
Definition
Clomiphene
Clinical Use:
Infertility
PCOS
Side Effects: hot flashes, ovarian enlargement, multiple simultaneous pregnancies, visual disturbances |
|
|
Term
| What SERM is an antagonist on breast tissue that is used to treat and prevent recurrence of ER-positive breast cancer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What SERM can reduce bone resorption and is used to treat osteoporosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What drugs are aromatase inhibitors used in postmenopausal women with breast cancer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What drug is administered with misoprostol for the termination of pregnancy?
How does it work? |
|
Definition
Mifepristone
Competitive inhibitor of progestin at progesterone receptor |
|
|
Term
| What β-2 agonists relax the uterus to reduce premature uterine contractions? |
|
Definition
Ritodrine
Terbutaline
"Ritodrine allows the fetus to "return to dreams" by preventing early delivery" |
|
|
Term
What α1-antagonist is used to treat BPH by inhibiting smooth muscle contraction?
What makes it so selective for BPH treatment? |
|
Definition
Tamsulosin
Selective for α1A,D receptors found on prostate
Not for α1B receptors on vascular |
|
|
Term
What drugs inhibit cGMP phosphodiesterase → ↑ cGMP →
smooth muscle relaxation in the corpus cavernosum, ↑ blood flow and penile erection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What drug can cause impaired blue-green color vision? |
|
Definition
|
|
