Term
|
Definition
Mannitol
Acetazolamide
Loop Diuretics
(Furosemide)
Ethacrynic acid
Hydrochlorothiazide
K+-sparing diuretics
(Spironolactone, Trimeterene, Amiloride, Eplerenone)
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Term
What drug is an Osmotic diuretic, ↑ tubular fluid osmolarity, producing ↑ urine flow?
What is this drug used for? |
|
Definition
Mannitol
Clinical Use:
Shock
Drug Overdose
↑ intracranial/intraocular pressure
Acute Glaucoma |
|
|
Term
| What diuretic can cause pulmonary edema and is contraindicated in CHF? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
What Diuretic is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, that causes a reduction in total-body HCO3- stores?
What are it's clinical uses? |
|
Definition
Acetazolamide
Clinical Use:
Glaucoma
Urinary Alkalinization
Metabolic Alkalosis
Altitude sickness |
|
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Term
| What drugs work on the Proximal Tubule? |
|
Definition
Mannitol
Acetazolamide
(Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor in PCT) |
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Term
| What diuretic can cause a Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis? |
|
Definition
Acetazolamide
ACIDazoamide causes ACIDosis |
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Term
What cotransport system is inhibited by the Loop Diuretics?
Furosemide |
|
Definition
Na+, K+, 2Cl- cotransport system
of the Thick Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle |
|
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Term
| What diuretics cause increased Ca2+ excretion? |
|
Definition
Loop Diuretics
Furosemide
Loops Lose Calcium |
|
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Term
What are Loop Diuretics used for?
What is their toxicity effects? |
|
Definition
Clinical Uses:
Edematous States
(CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, pulmonary edema)
Hypertension
Hypercalcemia
Toxicity:
Ototoxicity
Hypokalemia
Dehydration
Allergy (Sulfa)
Nephritis (interstitial)
Gout
OH DANG |
|
|
Term
What drug can be used for diuresis in patients with sulfa allergies?
What is it's mechanism? |
|
Definition
Ethacrynic Acid
MOA:
Same as Loop Diuretics
(Inhibits cotransport system) |
|
|
Term
What drug inhibits NaCl reabsorption in early distal tubule, reducing diluting capacity of the nephron?
What are it's clinical uses? |
|
Definition
Thiazide Diuretics
Hydrochlorothiazide
Clinical Use:
Hypertension
CHF
Idiopathic Hypercalciuria
Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus |
|
|
Term
| What drug is a good choice for hypertension in a post-metapausal woman? |
|
Definition
Hydrochlorothiazide
↓ Ca2+ excretion |
|
|
Term
| What are the toxic effects of Hydrochlorothiazide? |
|
Definition
Hypokalemic Metabolic Alkalosis
Hyponatremia
HyperGlycemia
HyperLipidemia
HyperUricemia
HyperCalcemia
(HyperGLUC) |
|
|
Term
What K+-sparing diuretic is a competative aldosterone receptor antagonist in the cortical collecting tubule?
What K+-sparing diuretic block Na+ channels in the cortical collecting tubule? |
|
Definition
Aldosterone receptor antagonist
Spironolactone
Na+ Channel Blocker
Triamterene
Amiloride |
|
|
Term
| What side effect can Spironolactone have? |
|
Definition
Hyperkalemia → arrhythmias
Aldosterone antagonisism → antiandrogen effects → gynecomastia |
|
|
Term
[image]
Where do each of the following drugs work?
1. Acetazolamide
2. Mannitol
3. Loop Diuretics
4. Ethacrynic acid
5. Hydrochlorothiazide
6. K+-sparing diuretics |
|
Definition
1. proximal convoluted tubule
2. Proximal Convoluted Tubule
3. Loop of Henle - Thick Ascending Limb
4. Loop of Henle - Thick Ascending Limb
5. Distal Convoluted Tubule - Early portion
6. Cortical Collecting Tubule |
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Term
| What drugs reduce levels of angiotensin II? |
|
Definition
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