Term
What are the drugs used to treat Glaucoma?
α-agonists
β-blockers
Diuretics
Cholinomimetics
Prostaglandins |
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Definition
α-agonist
Epinephine
Brimonidine
β-blockers
Timolol
Betaxolol
Carteolol
Diuretics
Acetazolamide
Cholinomimetics
Direct:
Pilocarpine
Carbachol
Indirect:
Physostigmine
Echothiophate
Prostaglandin
Latanoprost (PGF2α) |
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Term
What Glaucoma drugs ↓ aqueous humor synthesis?
What Glaucoma drugs ↓ aqueous humor secretion?
What Glaucoma drugs ↑ outflow of aqueous humor? |
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Definition
↓ aqueous humor synthesis
Epinephrine
(due to vasoconstriction)
Brimonidine
↓ aqueous humor secretion
β-blockers
(Timolol, Betaxolol, Carteolol)
Acetazolamide
(due to carbonic anhydrase inhibition and ↓ HCO3-)
↑ outflow of aqueous humor
Cholinomimetics
(pilocarpine, carbachol, physostigmine, echothiophate)
Lantanoprost
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Term
| What α-agonist should not be used in closed-angle glaucoma? |
|
Definition
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Term
| What Glaucoma drugs can cause Miosis and cyclospasm? |
|
Definition
Cholinomimetics
Direct:
Pilocarpine
Carbachol
Indirect:
Physostigmine
Echothiophate |
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Term
| What Glaucoma drug can darken the color of the iris? |
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Definition
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Term
| Increased use of Opioid analgesics leads to tolerance, what 2 side effects are resistant to tolerance? |
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Definition
Tolerance does not develop to:
Miosis and Constipation
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Term
| What drug is 1st line for Tonic-Clonic seizures and for prophylaxis of Status epileptica? |
|
Definition
Phenytoin
↑ Na+ channel inactivation |
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Term
What drug is 1st line for:
Simple
Complex
Tonic Clonic
Trigeminal neuralgia |
|
Definition
Carbamazepine
↑ Na+ channel inactivation |
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Term
What drug is 1st line for:
Absence Seizures |
|
Definition
Ethosuximide
Blocks thalamic T-type Ca2+ channels |
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Term
What Drug is 1st Line for:
Acute Status epileptic |
|
Definition
Benzodiazepines
Diazepam
Lorazepam
↑ GABAA action |
|
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Term
What drug is used for:
Simple
Complex
Absence
Myoclonic
Tonic-Clonic → 1st line |
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Definition
Valproic Acid
↑ Na+ channel inactivation
↑ GABA concentration |
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Term
| What antiepileptic drug is 1st line in pregnant woman and children? |
|
Definition
Phenobarbital
↑ GABAA action |
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Term
What drugs are used in the treatment of Parkinson's
Strategy:
Agonize Dopamine Receptors
↑ Dopamine
Prevent Dopamine Breakdown
Curb Excess Cholinergic activity |
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Definition
Agonize Dopamine Receptors
Bromocriptine
Pramipexole
Ropinirole
↑ Dopamine
Amantadine
L-dopa/carbidopa
Prevent Dopamine Breakdown
Selegiline
Entacapone
Tolcapone
Curb Excess Cholinergic activity
Benztropine |
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Term
What drugs used in the treatment of Alzheimer's have each mechanism:
NMDA receptor antagonist - prevents excitotoxicity
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors |
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Definition
NMDA receptor antagonist - prevents excitotoxicity
Memantine
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Donepezil
Galantamine
Rivastigmine |
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